• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.59 no.9
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• pp.381-383
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• 2016

Painful legs and moving toes (PLMT) syndrome is characterized by spontaneous movements of the digits and pain in one or both lower extremities. Of the reported cases, a majority of the patients was female, and the mean age of onset was 58 years. Only one pediatric case has been reported so far. Herein, we report the first adolescent case of PLMT in Korea. A 16-year-old girl complained of tingling pain in the left leg and involuntary movement of the ipsilateral great toe one month after a second untethering surgery. Three years ago, she had undergone untethering surgery to correct lipomeningomyelocele at the S2 level of the conus medullaris. At that time, she was diagnosed with polyradiculopathy at the left L5 level with axonal involvement. We diagnosed her with PLMT syndrome and prescribed gabapentin. Her symptoms diminished within a day. Complete relief from involuntary movement of the toe was achieved within four months. PLMT is a rare syndrome but it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of children and adolescents with limb pain and spontaneous movement in their toes.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.99-113
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• 2021

This study aimed to produce sensors for measuring thigh motor skills. A textile stretch sensor was manufactured using a CNT(Carbon Nano Tube) 0.1 wt% water SWCNT(Single-Walled Carbon Nano Tube) solution, and different designs were applied to increase the sensitivity of the sensor, and different GF(Gauge Factor) values were compared using UTM devices. The same design was applied to fabrics and weaves to observe changes in performance according to fibrous tissue, and the suitability of sensors was determined based on tensile strength, elongation, and the elongation recovery rate. Sensitivity was found to vary depending upon the design. Thus the manufactured sensor was attached to a pair of fitness pants as a prototype, divided into lunge position and squat position testing, and the stretch sensor was used to measure thigh movements. It was shown that stretch sensors used to measure thigh motor skills should have light and flexible features and that elongation recovery rates and tensile strength should be considered together. The manufactured stretch sensor may be applicable to various sports fields that use lower limb muscles, wearable healthcare products, and medical products for measuring athletic ability.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.78-85
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• 2023

Background: Despite fall prevention strategies suggested by researchers, falls are still a major health concern in older adults. Understanding factors that differentiate successful versus unsuccessful balance recovery may help improve the prevention strategies. Objects: The purpose of this review was to identify biomechanical factors that differentiate successful versus unsuccessful balance recovery in the event of a fall. Methods: The literature was searched through Google Scholar and PubMed. The following keywords were used: 'falls,' 'protective response,' 'protective strategy,' 'automated postural response,' 'slips,' 'trips,' 'stepping strategy,' 'muscle activity,' 'balance recovery,' 'successful balance recovery,' and 'failed balance recovery.' Results: A total of 64 articles were found and reviewed. Most of studies included in this review suggested that kinematics during a fall was important to recover balance successfully. To be successful, appropriate movements were required, which governed by several things depending on the direction and characteristics of the fall. Studies also suggested that lower limb muscle activity and joint moments were important for successful balance recovery. Other factors associated with successful balance recovery included fall direction, age, appropriate protective strategy, overall health, comorbidity, gait speed, sex and anticipation of the fall. Conclusion: This review discusses biomechanical factors related to successful versus unsuccessful balance recovery to help understand falls. Our review should help guide future research, or improve prevention strategies in the area of fall and injuries in older adults.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.159-163
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• 2015

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the interaction among the neck, trunk, and lower extremities on the non-paretic side in head rotation along with non-paretic-side weight shifting of stroke patients. To compare stroke patients' ability to control posture through muscle activity variation related to pertubation during head rotation along with the non-paretic limb. Methods: We tested 15 hemiplegic patients and 15 normal individuals. Each group's muscle activity was measured by electromyography in neutral head position and head rotation position. We compared each group's resu lt based on measured values in patients' non-paretic neck muscles, trunk muscles, and lower limbs muscles activation. Results: The study showed that muscle activity increased in the sternocleidomastoid muscle (102.26%, 53.00%), splenius capitis muscle (97.93%, 54.93%), erector spinae muscle (241.00%, 127.60%), external oblique abdominal muscle (256.66%, 152.00%), and internal oblique abdominal muscle (252.80%, 152.6%), peroneus longus muscle (117.53%, 137.13%) and gastrocnemius muscle (119.06%, 137.20%), while the results for the sternocleidomastoid muscle, splenius capitis muscle, erector spinae muscle, external oblique abdominal muscle, internal oblique abdominal muscle, peroneus longus muscle, and gastrocnemius muscle showed a statistically significant difference (p<0.05). Conclusion: It is hard for stroke patients to engage in normal movement control under suggested conditions because of the insufficient movement against gravity on the stroke patient's non-paretic side and impaired cooperative patterns. To solve these problems, patients need their bodies to improve through effective movement, resulting in advanced control of their effective and functional activity.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.484-492
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• 2008

Sit to stand(STS) movement is one of the most common activity in daily life. In addition, Korean traditionally stand up from various sitting heights in one's daily life compared to other foreigners. As Korea enter rapidly to the aging society, needs of the elderly's independent life are increasing. Therefore the importance of research about the analysis of elderly's activity in daily life is rapidly increasing. In this study, we analyzed joint movements and changes of muscle length during STS(sit-to-stand) at various sitting heights(table seat, bath seat, bottom) in the Korean elderly's daily life by using the motion analysis and musculoskeletal modeling. Ten Korean elderly and young were participated in this experiment. Three heights of sitting posture which could represent typical sitting in Korean daily life were chosen as table seat(42cm), bath seat(21cm) and bottom(0cm). As the results, the elderly showed both smaller knee/hip flexion and larger trunk flexion relatively in comparison to the young during table seat STS. The elderly also showed larger dorsiflexion and smaller ROM of knee, hip, trunk compared to the young during bath seat STS. Additionally, the elderly showed larger plantarflexion, hip flexion, smaller knee flexion and trunk flexion during the first half of bottom STS and larger knee flexion, hip flexion and trunk flexion during the second half of bottom STS. In addition, we could know contraction and relaxation characters of major muscles in lower limb during various STS through the analysis of changes in muscle length by musculoskeltal modeling.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.603-610
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• 2020

The sleep measurement system is important to detect sleep disturbances as early as possible to be diagnosed and treat the diseases quickly. This paper presents design of system to measure the quality of sleep by using nine accelerometer sensors embedded in the pillow to detect the acceleration of limb movement, e.g. head movements. The participants were asked to sleep using a smart pillow for five days. While sleeping, participants are recorded using a camera on a computer. After awakening, participants were asked to fill out a post-sleep questionnaire. Spearman's correlation was performed to test the correlation of gross body movement per minute rate with post-sleep questionnaire questions. Finally, the seven score of sleep quality were tested with gross body movement per minute rate. The result is the higher gross body movement per minute during sleep represented lower sleep quality.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.113-124
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• 2002

The objectives of this study was to investiage the effects of sitting posture on carpal tunnel syndrome. Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) continues to be one of the most widely publicized maladies of the cumulative trauma disorder. Many studies have reported a positive association between CTS and highly repetitive work, high force, and poor posture. High force and repetitive work have especially been associated with CTS, but the evidence for work being a primary cause of CTS is strongest when these factors are combined. In addition to carpal tunnel syndrome, hand, wrist, and other disorders are attributed to these work-related movements. Such disorders are referred to as repetitive stress injuries, cumulative trauma disorder, overuse syndromes, and chronic upper limb pain syndrome. Incorrect posture also may play a role in the development of CTS in people who work at a computer and other types of keyboards. The tendency to roll the shoulders forward, round the lower back, and thrust the chin forward can shorten the neck and shoulder muscles, compressing nerves in the neck. This, in turn, can affect the wrist, fingers, and hand. The treatment and prevention of carpal tunnel syndrome continue to be approached with a segmental view of the human body. For example, the most common ergonomic solution for carpal tunnel syndrome associated with keyboard use is to keep the wrists in a neutral position by using a wrist rest in front of the keyboard and good sitting posture.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.12-18
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• 2018

Background: Passive straight leg raising (PSLR) is the common clinical test to measure of hamstring muscle length. Hip flexion angle contributes to change the lumbopelvic rotation during PSLR. Pressure biofeedback unit (PBU) is commonly used to detect lumbopelvic movement during lower limb movements. Thus, there may be the relationship between pressure of PBU and lumbopelvic motion during PSLR. Objects: The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between pressure of PBU and lumbopelvic motion during PSLR. Methods: Thirty two subjects participated in this study. A three-dimensional motion analysis system were used to measure the lumbopelvic angle during PSLR, while recording the pressure of PBU according to angle of PSLR by 10 degree increments. Pearson product moment correlations and linear regression analysis were used to describe the relationship between variables. Results: The results showed that there was a significant relationship between the lumbopelvic and angle of PSLR (Pearson's r=.83, p<.05), between the pressure of PBU and angle of PSLR (Pearson's r=.75, p<.05), and between lumbopelvic motion and pressure of PUB (Pearson's r=.83, p<.05). Linear regression equation using lumbopevic angle as an independent factor was as follows: Pressure of PBU = 47.35 + (2.55 ${\times}$ angle of lumbopelvic motion) ($R^2=.69$, p<.05). Conclusion: Results of the present study indicate that pressure of PBU can be used to indirectly detect the amounts of lumbobevic motion during muscle length test or stretching of hamstring.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.88-95
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• 2020

In this paper, we propose a new arm swing walking pattern-based walking safety system for safe walking of elderly pedestrians. The proposed system is a walking safety system for elderly pedestrians using haptic-based devices such as smart bands and smart watches, and arm swing-based walking patterns to solve the problem that it is difficult to recognize the fall situation of pedestrians with the existing walking patterns of lower limb movements. Use. The arm swing-based walking pattern recognizes the number of steps and the fall situation of pedestrians through the swing of the arm using the acceleration sensor of the device, and creates a database of the location of the fall situation to warn elderly pedestrians when walking near the expected fall location. It delivers a message to provide pedestrian safety to the elderly. This system is expected to improve the safe walking rights and environment of the elderly.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.349-356
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• 2022

Background: Awake fiberoptic intubation (AFOI) is the procedure of choice for securing the airway in patients with a difficult airway when undergoing surgeries under general anesthesia. An ideal drug would not only provide conscious sedation but also maintain spontaneous ventilation, smooth intubation conditions, and stable hemodynamics. We compared the effects of dexmedetomidine alone and dexmedetomidine in combination with fentanyl at a dose lower than the standard dose for achieving conscious sedation during AFOI in difficult airway patients undergoing oral cancer and dental surgeries. Methods: We included 68 adult patients undergoing AFOI. The patients were randomized in two groups, wherein Group D received intravenous dexmedetomidine 1 ㎍/kg and Group DF received dexmedetomidine 0.5 ㎍/kg and fentanyl 1 ㎍/kg. The outcomes measured were airway obstruction score, intubation scores, fiberoptic intubation comfort score, sedation score, and hemodynamic variables. Results: Low-dose dexmedetomidine with fentanyl showed similar results as those with the standard dose of dexmedetomidine in terms of airway obstruction, vocal cord movement, degree of cough, degree of limb movements, and intubation comfort. However, the sedation achieved and incidence of hypotension and bradycardia were higher in Group D than in Group DF. Conclusions: A low dose of dexmedetomidine-fentanyl provides satisfactory intubation conditions as those with a standard dose of dexmedetomidine in AFOI, thereby avoiding bradycardia, hypotension, and sedation.