• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
• /
• v.15 no.3
• /
• pp.467-476
• /
• 2013

This study investigates the dyeability and the fastness of flame retardant polyester fabric developed by a thermal bonding with a low melting component of flame retardant bicomponent filament (LMFRPC). The fabrics were prepared with flame retardant polyester filaments (FRP) as warp and blended filaments of FRP and LMFRPC as weft. The LMFRPC have a sheath and a core where the core comprises a flame retardant polyester and the sheath comprises a thermoplastic polyester with a low-melting point. The thermal bonding of fabric was conducted in a pin tenter at $170^{\circ}C$ for 60 seconds. Fabric dyeing was conducted with an infrared dyeing machine at various dyeing temperatures and dyeing times. The dyestuffs used in this study were CI disperse Yellow 54, Red 60 and Blue 56 of E-type dyestuff and Orange 30, Red 167 and Blue 79 of S-type dyestuff. This study investigated the morphology of thermal bonded fabric, dyeability and fastness of dyed fabric. Dyeability increased with an increased dyeing temperature. The thermal bonded area increased with the increased LMFRPC content. The dyeability of S-type dyestuff was higher than E-type dyestuff; in addition, the saturated dyeing time was about 20minutes at $130^{\circ}C$ for E and S-type dyestuff. The fastness to washing and rubbing were excellent at a 4-5 Grade.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
• /
• v.34 no.2
• /
• pp.52-57
• /
• 1992

Using the new type auxiliary(K-1), dyeing experiment was done at the various dyeing conditions and the effects of auxiliary on the dyeing properties of acid milling dye for the silk fiber were dicussed. The results obtained were as follows; 1. The exhaust rate of acid milling dye was increased according to the auxiliary concentration at dyebath pH 7, But the increasing tendency of exhaust rate was decreased above auxiliary concentration 3% o. w. f.. 2. It was the same tendency of exhaust rate at dyebath pH 5, but the diffusion was more powerful at dyebath pH 7 than pH 5. 3. The decreasing ratio of exhaust rate according to dye concentration increasing was lower at auxiliary addition than auxiliary non-addition. 4. The exhaust rate curve according to increasing dyeing temperature showed the inflection point at auxiliary non-addition, but it was not observed in auxiliary addition. Consequently, it seems to be avoid that the occurrence of uneven dyeing at auxiliary addition.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.1-7
• /
• 2004

The dyeability of cotton fabrics treated with liquid ammonia was investigated using low-temperature and high-temperature reactive dyes. From the results of dyeing rates of direct dye, the inversion time was shown at 600 hours at $40^{\circ}C$, and however it was shown at 10 minutes at $80^{\circ}C$. This was applied to reactive dyeings. In the low-temperature reactive dyes, the color strength of the fabrics treated with liquid ammonia was lower than that of mercerized fabrics. By contrast, in the high-temperature reactive dyes, the color strength of the fabrics treated with liquid ammonia was higher than that of mercerized one.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.106-111
• /
• 1995

This study was planned to identify the effect of low-temperature stress on Alcohol dehydrogenase(ADH) isozyme in sixteen varieties of Italian ryegrass using starch gel electrophoresis. The specific electrophoretic zymograms of each variety were observed by ADH isozyme. The results were summarized as follows: 1. All tested varieties displayed two band zone by ADH and R.f values were 0.63 and 0.60, respectively. 2. There were four band type for ADH isozyme of 16 varieties classified with ADH isozyme dyeing intensity. According to dyeing intensity 7, 2, 1 and 6 varieties belong to banding type I,II,III and IV, respectively(Fig.2-A, B). 3. The effect of short tern low-temperature stress induces ADH gene expresson in Italian ryegrass, which may reflect a fundmental shift in energy metabolism to ensure plant tissue survival during the low-temperature stress period.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
• /
• v.54 no.6
• /
• pp.141-148
• /
• 2004

This study examines the dyeability of fabrics in relation to dyeing temperature, time, concentration, and the number of repeated dyeings. For this study, at first we extracted natural dyes from the peel of C.umshiu mandarin, which is fast as a dye and considered as recycling agricultural wastes. Additionally, it represents the image of Jeju Island. Then, we dyed cotton, wool, silk and nylon fabrics with the extracted dyes. The findings of this study are as follows. 1) Dyed cotton, wool, silk and nylon fabrics with the extract of C.umshiu mandarin peel are generally yellow. 2) Wool, nylon, silk, and cotton, in this order, are of good dyeability; Wool fabrics have the highest dyeability and cotton fabrics have the lowest. The dyeabilty of cotton fabrics was not improved even after dyeing in different conditions. 3) Colorfastness with washing, rubbing and perspiration are all good, while colorfastness with light is poor. 4) Higher dyeing concentration makes better dyeability. 5) Dyeability is enhanced as the dyeing temperature increases, while the dyeability of silk and nylon is relatively good even at low temperatures. 6) Looking at dyeability according to dyeing time, the longer the dyeing time, the better the dyeablility. Sixty minutes of dyeing time is appropriate to dye fabrics. 7) With an increase in the number of repeated dyeings, increased dyeability is obtaihed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
• /
• v.34 no.5
• /
• pp.866-872
• /
• 2010

This study investigates the methods of the natural dyeing of silk fabrics with Machilus thunbergii cortex extract. After the dyeing of silk with a Machilus thunbergii cortex extract, the dyeability of the Machilus thunbergii cortex extract was evaluated with the dyeing time, concentration, temperature, the numbers of repeated dyeing, the pH of the dyebath, the changes of the K/S value, and surface colors by the methods of mordanting and color fastness. The effective dyeing conditions with silk fabrics were at a concentration of 120g/L, the dyeing temperature at $80^{\circ}C$, and the dyeing time for one hour ten minutes. The effective number of repeated dyeing was three times. The dyeing operation was carried out in a neutral dyebath of pH 7. The K/S value was higher in most of the pre-mordants (except the Sn mordant) and a high K/S value was shown in the copper pre-mordant. The colors of the silk fabrics with Machilus thunbergii cortex were of various brown shades. The color difference was distinct when using the Fe-mordant and the colorfastness of all the dyed samples was low; however, the dry cleaning fastness was excellent at the 4-5 grade.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
• /
• v.15 no.6
• /
• pp.39-46
• /
• 2003

The experiments about dyeing concentration, temperature and time were done using yellow, red and purple loess as natural inorganic dyes in order to verify a degree of dyeing, characteristics of color and fastness. The results were as following; 1. As a result of analyzing components of loess, purple loess was much than other loess in quartz component and coarse particles contained. This affected to the degree of dyeing. 2. The stronger dyeing concentration was, the more the degree of dyeing was improved, and yellow loess containing fine particles was the best in the degree of dyeing. 3. When it was dyed with raising up to $100^\circ{C}$ for 10 minutes after stirring for 20 minutes at $60^\circ{C}$, was better than on starting at $40^\circ{C}$ or $80^\circ{C}$ in the degree of dyeing. Also yellow loess was the best in these experiments. 4. Washing fastness of loess was low such as other natural dyes, but dyeing wasn't transferred to other textiles. On the other hand, light fastness of it was very excellent and rubbing fastness was relatively good as 3~3.5.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.45-51
• /
• 2003

This study was conducted to remove the color in dyeing wastewater by ozone oxidation process, and the results were summarized as follows ; The 18.3％ of BOD and 56.3％ TOC were removed as decreasing with pH 1 in dyeing wastewater, containing the polyester reducing process. It showed that terephthalic acid was precipitated at low pH. The color of dyeing wastewater was removed by the first order reaction, and the reaction rate constants at pH 3, 7, 12 were investigated $0.234{\;}min^{-1},{\;}0.215{\;}min^{-1}{\;}and{\;}0.201{\;}min^{-1}$ respectively. It showed that color was more effectively removed with direct reaction of ozone than radical reaction(non-direct reaction). As increasing of the water temperature, the reaction rate constants were increased slightly. It indicated that activity of ozone was improved at high water temperature.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
• /
• v.18 no.6 s.91
• /
• pp.10-15
• /
• 2006

In this article, effect of the dyeing and mechanical properties were investigated on the polyester ultramicro fiber(UMF) and knitted fabric varying fiber fineness(0.01d and 0.05d). By a treatment with NaOH solution, sea-ingredient was removed and polyester micro-fiber was revealed. The dyeing, build-up and fastness properties of the fiber and fabrics were observed. We used C.I. Disperse Red 60 and Blue 56 for dyeing property and eight Lumacron dyes for build-up property and colorfastness. At low temperature dyeing($100^{\circ}C$), the dyeing rate of 0.01d-polyester UME increased more than that of 0.05d-polyester UMF with Disperse Red 60 and Blue 56 whereas dyeing rate of 0.05d-polyester UMF were increased more than that of 0.01d-polyester UMF at high temperature($120^{\circ}C$), The colorfastnesses of the 0.05d-fiber knitted fabric such as washing, rubbing and light was higher than those of the 0.01d-fiber knitted fabric.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
• /
• v.29 no.3
• /
• pp.105-114
• /
• 2017

High tenacity polyethylene(HTPE) fiber is one of the most important synthetic fibers which possesses outstanding properties such as low density, excellent surface hardness and scratch resistance, superior electrical insulation and low cost. In this study, we dyed high tenacity polyethylene filaments using three different solvent dyes based on log P calculations. We evaluated the dyeing characteristics of dyed high tenacity polyethylene filaments based on dyeing temperature, dyeing time and concentration of solvent dyes. We also analyzed the tensile strength and elongation properties of dyed high tenacity polyethylene filaments with various dyeing temperature and dyeing times. The optimized dyeing condition can be found at $120^{\circ}C$ for dyeing time of 1 hour with 4%(o.w.f.) of solvent dyes.