• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.91-94
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• 2004

Ubiquitous sensor network is to manage and collect information autonomously by communicating user around device. Security requirements in Ubiquitous based on sensor network are as follows: a location of sensor, a restriction of performance by low electric power, communication by broadcasting, etc. We propose new mutual authentication protocol using a low power of sensor node. This protocol solved a low power problem by reducing calculation overload of sensor node using two steps, RM(Register Manager) and AM(Authentication Manager). Many operations performing the sensor node itself have a big overload in low power node. Our protocol reduces the operation number from sensor node. Also it is mutual authentication protocol in Ubiquitous network, which satisfies mutual authentication, session key establishment, user and device authentication, MITM attack, confidentiality, integrity, and is safe the security enemy with solving low electric power problem.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.27-34
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• 2012

In this paper, using a new low-power consumption method for ZigBee device, which consume low-power using an output power control algorithm through RSSI monitoring as interlocking wireless network using ZigBee which has advantages of a low-power consumption, a low-cost, a compatibility and a draft international standardization enacted by IEEE and ZigBee Alliance, with wired network using built coaxial cable to overcome the disadvantage of the existing wireless sensor network, is proposed. Effectiveness of the output power control algorithm through RSSI monitoring has been verified by experimentation for more optimized low-power consumption.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.1826-1829
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• 2005

Recent advancement in wireless communications and electronics has enabled the development of low power sensor network. Wireless sensor network are often used in remote monitoring control applications, health care, security and environmental monitoring. Wireless sensor networks are an emerging technology consisting of small, low-power, and low-cost devices that integrate limited computation, sensing, and radio communication capabilities. Sensor network platform for health care has been designed, fabricated and tested. This system consists of an embedded micro-controller, Radio Frequency (RF) transceiver, power management, I/O expansion, and serial communication (RS-232). The hardware platform uses Atmel ATmega128L 8-bit ultra low power RISC processor with 128KB flash memory as the program memory and 4KB SRAM as the data memory. The radio transceiver (Chipcon CC1000) operates in the ISM band at 433MHz or 916MHz with a maximum data rate of 76.8kbps. Also, the indoor radio range is approximately 20-30m. When many sensors have to communicate with the controller, standard communication interfaces such as Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) or Integrated Circuit ($I^{2}C$) allow sharing a single communication bus. With its low power, the smallest and low cost design, the wireless sensor network system and wireless sensing electronics to collect health-related information of human vitality and main physiological parameters (ECG, Temperature, Perspiration, Blood Pressure and some more vitality parameters, etc.)

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2003.11c
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• pp.140-144
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• 2003

A sensor network consists of many low-cost, low-power, and multi-functional sensor nodes. One of most important issues in of sensor networks is to increase network lifetime, and there have been researches on the problem. In this paper, we propose a routing mechanism to prolong network lifetime, in which each node adjusts its transmission power to send data to its neighbors. We model the energy efficient routing with power control and present an algorithm to obtain the optimal flow solution for maximum network lifetime. Then, we derive an upper bound on the network lifetime for specific network topologies.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.58 no.11
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• pp.2281-2285
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• 2009

Powerline communication is the data signal which is modulated by carrier frequency through the installed powerline at in-home or office is transmitted and received signals are separated into data signal with using band-pass filter which cent-frequency is carrier frequency. The home gateway, an equipment which works as an gateway for ubiquitous home network, relays all functions of a home network. The home gateway must always be connected in order to provide seamless services. However it gives unfavorable power consumption. Therefore the needs for working in maximum power saving mode while there is no data traffic and for invoking to the normal function when it is necessary. So, in this paper we survey the development of low power PLC modem monitoring of power consumption and breaking abnormal power in the home Network.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.18 no.8
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• pp.1877-1884
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• 2014

Because of the limited power resource, we need a reliable low-power media access control technique suitable for unmaned remote sensor operation condition for the unmanned sensor processor to perform the task in the remote wireless network situation. Therefore CSMA/CA and X-MAC is generally considered to effectively transmit the signal in the low-power wireless network. In this paper, we propose the more efficient low-power LP-MAC Technique which consumes the minimum power and transmits the data faster in condition that the mobile nodes' joining to and leaving from the network which consists of the fixed nodes is fluid. The fixed nodes operate in an asynchronous mode to perform the network self-configuration and transmit data faster to the mobile node which is frequently join and leave the network. When the mobile node leaves the network, the network's operation mode will be synchronous mode to achieve the minimum power consumption, thus the minimum power operation becomes possible.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.271-298
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• 2012

Researchers have made significant progress in recent years towards realizing effective structural health monitoring (SHM) utilizing wireless smart sensor networks (WSSNs). These efforts have focused on improving the performance and robustness of such networks to achieve high quality data acquisition and distributed, in-network processing. One of the primary challenges still facing the use of smart sensors for long-term monitoring deployments is their limited power resources. Periodically accessing the sensor nodes to change batteries is not feasible or economical in many deployment cases. While energy harvesting techniques show promise for prolonging unattended network life, low power design and operation are still critically important. This research presents the WiSeMote: a new, fully integrated ultra-low power wireless smart sensor node and a flexible base station, both designed for long-term SHM deployments. The power consumption of the sensor nodes and base station has been minimized through careful hardware selection and the implementation of power-aware network software, without sacrificing flexibility and functionality.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.327-332
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• 2016

The routing protocol for low-power and lossy networks (RPL) is an internet protocol based routing protocol developed and standardized by IETF in 2012 to support a wide range of applications for low-power and lossy-networks (LLNs). In LLNs consisting of resource-constrained devices, the energy consumption of battery powered sensing devices during network operations can greatly impact network lifetime. In the case of inefficient route selection, the energy depletion from even a few nodes in the network can damage network integrity and reliability by creating holes in the network. In this paper, a composite energy-aware node metric ($RER_{BDI}$) is proposed for RPL; this metric uses both the residual energy ratio (RER) of the nodes and their battery discharge index. This composite metric helps avoid overburdening power depleted network nodes during packet routing from the source towards the destination oriented directed acyclic graph root node. Additionally, an objective function is defined for RPL, which combines the node metric $RER_{BDI}$ and the expected transmission count (ETX) link quality metric; this helps to improve the overall network packet delivery ratio. The COOJA simulator is used to evaluate the performance of the proposed scheme. The simulations show encouraging results for the proposed scheme in terms of network lifetime, packet delivery ratio and energy consumption, when compared to the most popular schemes for RPL like ETX, hop-count and RER.

• IEMEK Journal of Embedded Systems and Applications
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.133-141
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• 2018

There are increasing interests on smart home systems. However, most of the existing works focus on the functionality itself. In this paper, we propose an extensible smart home system based on low power networking such as CoAP, 6LoWPAN, and Zigbee. The proposed home IoT system consists of Home APP, Home Server, Home Broker, and Power Devices. Each component of the system is connected by the low-power network technologies aforementioned. As the end device, Power Device senses the current consumption of the attached appliance and controls the power to it. Power Device reports the sensing data to Home Server via Home Broker. The Home Broker enhances the scalability of the system. Home Broker extends the service area and the user's services, and it manages the connection of the underlying devices and processes, and transmits data to Home Server from Power Devices. Through the experimental evaluation, we show that the proposed system achieves the design goals such as extensibility and low power networking.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.44 no.6 s.360
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• pp.1-8
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• 2007

In wireless sensor network which uses limited battery, power consumption is very important factor for the survivality of the system. By using low-power communication to reduce power consumption, error rate is increased in typical conditions. This paper analyzes power consumption of specific error control coding (ECC) implementations. With identical link quality, ECC provides coding gain which save the power for transmission at the cost of computing power. In sensor node, transmit power is higher than computing power of Micro Controller Unit (MCU). In this paper, Viterbi algerian is applied to the low-transmit-power sensor networks in terms of network power consumption. Practically, Viterbi algorithm presents 20% of reduction of re-transmission in compared with Auto Repeat Request (ARQ) system. Furthermore, it is observed that network power consumption is decreased by almost 18%.