• The Journal of Information Technology
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.159-176
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• 2005

The Purpose of this Article is to analyze the special settlement and electronic settlement system in the international trade. First, Factoring is a fast, easy and flexible way to improve a company's cash flow and generate working capital for the company. Factoring can be short-term or part of an ongoing financing program. New companies can benefit as well, since there is no requirement for a long-term credit history. Second, Forfaiting is a method of trade financing that allows exporters to obtain cash and be free of all risks by selling their medium term receivables on a 'without recourse' basis. Forfaiting can be an alternative to export credit or insurance cover, especially for those transactions in which the export credit agency is not open to a particular country and/or bank. Third, The Bolero System is jointly financed by SWIFT(Society for World International Financial Telecommunications) which handles most of the electronic funds transfer for banks, and the Through Transport Mutual Assurance Association(the TT Club), a mutual insurance association most of whose members are drawn from the Multimodal transport industry or transport intermediaries. Fourth, TradeCard is a payment and settlement system that is an alternative to letters of crdeit. That is, TradeCard is a business-to-business e-commerce infrastructure that enables buyers and sellers to conduct and settle international trade transactions securely over the Internet.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.183-193
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• 2003

Most construction works on the soft ground adopt instrumentation to manage settlement and stability of the embankment. The rapid progress of the information technologies and the digital data acquisition on the soft ground instrumentation has led to the fast-growing amount of data. Although valuable information about the behaviour of the soft ground may be hiding behind the data, most of the data are used restrictedly only for the management of settlement and stability. One of the critical issues on soft ground instrumentation is the long-term settlement prediction. Some observational settlement analysis methods are used for this purpose. But the reliability of the analysis results is remained in vague. The knowledge could be discovered from a large volume of experiences on the observational settlement analysis. In this article, we present a database to store settlement records and data mining procedure. A large volume of knowledge about observational settlement prediction were collected from the database by applying the filtering algorithm and knowledge discovery algorithm. Statistical analysis revealed that the reliability of observational settlement analysis depends on stay duration and estimated degree of consolidation.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.5-19
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• 2006

The secondary consolidation settlement of soft clay is generally very little compared to the total settlement and occurs very slowly during long-term period. However the secondary consolidation settlement is comparatively large amount in organic and heavily compressed clay and is a very important engineering factor. In order to reduce residual settlements in reclaimed soft ground, the preloading method is often used. In this study, in order to determine reasonable long-term settlements of large reclaimed site, laboratory incremental loading consolidation tests and surcharging consolidation tests are performed. Sampling was done at Incheon area of west coast and Gwangyang area of south coast in Korea. The characteristics of secondary consolidation have obtained through laboratory tests and analyzed systematically to predict long-term settlements. Additionally, the location data and laboratory test results are correlated by using GIS(geographic information system). The secondary consolidation settlement of the site was predicted based on D/B and the operation technique and estimation technique of space of GIS.

• Journal of the Korean Geosynthetics Society
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.1-10
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• 2013

Recently, the closed landfills are usually converted into parks or playground by the check the stability of landfill because they settle unevenly making them unsuitable for structures. When the closed landfill reuse, environmental and structural stability is important. To increase the bearing capacity and reduce the probable settlement of a foundation on waste disposal ground, a layer of geosynthetics(Geocell) is placed on the waste disposal ground. In this paper, the analysis of long-term settlement parameter correlation was performed, also the evaluation of bearing capacity reinforcement effect was conducted by field test. The settlement measured in the field, and input the same ground index when an integer to identify each model were compared by calculating the settlement. In addition, by adjusting the parameters of each model to identify the most similar to the value of field measurement parameters were calculated. Based on the analysis results, when the using the Park's model C(intermediate) = 0.0678, the expected settlement is similar to the field measurement results. Also, the bearing capacity of geocell reinforced ground is 1.193~1.554 times higher than that of unreinforced ground.

• The Journal of Economics, Marketing and Management
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.7-11
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to examine the long term care insurance system that has been 9 years and to understand issues arose during settlement of the insurance system in accordance with provision of solutions to increase the quality of elders' long term care service. Also, the study is aiming at providing contribution to both satisfaction of customers and workforces at the field along with achievement of the primary goal that the elders' care service policy was aiming at. To achieve the purpose of the study, authors gathered and analyzed reports and literatures from books published domestically, governmental open data and statistical data related to policy on long term care service insurance for elders to examine current problematic issues of long term care insurance and to explore ways to improve by having case studies of advanced countries. The result of this study shows that there are differences in the way how participants of the programs react to registering to insurance of program for supporting elderly persons' social activities and employment despite Korean government is operating the programs along general guidance for the programs as a standardized guideline.

• Journal of the Korean Geosynthetics Society
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.1-9
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• 2022

Recently, the reclamation of public waters has been on a downward trend due to environmental problems, but there is a limitation to evaluating environmental characteristics index uniformly. In this study, the stability of settlement behavior on public waters reclaimed land was analyzed using the experimental test. From the primary consolidation influence factors, the characteristics of the waste lime was similar that of clay in process of consolidation. Assuming that the waste lime landfill is the layer reinforced with thin geosynthetic reinforcement, the settlement was predicted by calculating the amount of increase using the Westergaard method. As a result of predicting settlement with degree of consolidation, it was found that the increase in stress was reduced by 40% when the surface layer of the soft ground was reinforce with geotextiles compared to the case where it was not reinforced. In addition, the consolidation behavior characteristics of clay and waste lime were compared using the correlation between the plasticity index and internal friction angle of waste lime. Since the waste lime in the public process of consolidation, it was predicted that long-term settlement will increase further.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.163-172
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• 2000

최종침하 예측기법들은 분석상 간단명료하고 경제적인 기법이라 현장에서 널리 이용되고 있지만, 현장계측상의 문제들이 다분히 있는 실측치에 크게 의존함으로써 설계단계에서 침하량예측에 분석가의 주관적 판단이 큰 변수로 작용할 수 있으므로 객관성이 결여되는 결점을 안고 있다. 그 중 쌍곡선법(Hypervolic Method)이 가장 널리 쓰이고 있지만, 현장 계측치에 따라 가정 기본식의 선형성이 다소 뚜렷하지 않아 분석가에 따라 해석결과가 다르게 나타날 수 있으므로, 기술 적용상의 어려움과 경제적 비용을 더욱 가중시키는 결과를 초래할 수 있다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 현장 계측자료 분석에 있어서 대표적으로 널리 적용되고 있는 쌍곡선법의 기본 가정식의 선형성 문제에 주안점을 두어 기본 가정식의 선형성을 확보하고, 그 선형구간을 확장한 새로운 침하예측기법을 제안하였다. 성토완료 직후의 현장 자료를 배수재가 설치된 지역과 배수재가 설치되지 않은 지역으로 구분하여 최종 1차 압밀침하량, 수직압밀계수 등을 기존예측기법 및 현장계측자료와 비교 검토하여 제안된 침하예측기법의 적용성을 검증하였다.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.33-46
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• 2013

Recently, the projects which are to increase the capacity of the flood control are being actively performed because of the abnormal climate changes throughout the country. In this study, the regression analysis was performed using both Kelvin model and the real settlement measured at the crest of the existing concrete face rockfill dam(CFRD) to estimate the long-term deformation behavior characteristics such as creep which occurs without additional load. In addition, the effects on changes in physical properties (E, G, K) of the dam construction materials by deformation characteristics of the dam were evaluated, and the reasonable stability analysis method of the dam was proposed to obtain the long-term stability considering the changes in physical properties induced by the long-term deformation behavior in case of heightening the existing dams.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2004.03b
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• pp.461-468
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• 2004

The amount of $CO_2$ and $CH_4$ that were produced during biodegradation with were measured as function of time. Also, the settlements of landfill lysimeters were measured at the same time, and the relation with LFF(landfill gas) production was investigated. The effects of leachate recycle on the acceleration of settlement were studied by comparing two lysimeters. The gas production rate constant, $^{\kappa}_{LFG}$ is obtained to predict future gas production and settlement. These will be key role factors to predict gas production patterns and residual long-term settlement.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.67-78
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• 2012

Soil foundations exhibit significant creeping deformation, which may result in excessive settlement and failure of superstructures. Based on the theory of viscoelasticity and fractional calculus, a fractional Kelvin-Voigt model is proposed to account for the time-dependent behavior of soil foundation under vertical line load. Analytical solution of settlements in the foundation was derived using Laplace transforms. The influence of the model parameters on the time-dependent settlement is studied through a parametric study. Results indicate that the settlement-time relationship can be accurately captured by varying values of the fractional order of differential operator and the coefficient of viscosity. In comparison with the classical Kelvin-Voigt model, the fractional model can provide a more accurate prediction of long-term settlements of soil foundation. The determination of influential distance also affects the calculation of settlements.