• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.26 no.7
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• pp.59-76
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• 2022

Purpose - As ahigher-order ability, improvisational capability is often employed to help a firm cope with unexpected or unanticipated issues. In light of the severe global business challenges and turbulent environmental changes, this study aimed to explore whether home-based network ties could shape the influence of improvisational capability on international entrepreneurship, alongside investigating the boundary conditions of competitive turbulence in their moderating effects. Design/methodology - The sample for the international entrepreneurship sector was obtained from the Industry and Information Technology Department of Jiangsu. In September 2021, the questionnaires were sent to the targeted ventures and required the top managers to complete the survey by email or telephone. The final research sample comprised 113 international new ventures. To test the hypotheses, moderated hierarchical regression analysis was conducted. Findings - Our empirical results suggested that (1) unlike some previous literature, a positive effect of improvisational capability on the performance of international new ventures was not found; (2) home country-based networks (both political ties and business ties) are contingent factors that may partially stimulate the value creation of improvisational capability; and (3) in a highly competitive environment, the moderating role of business ties at home may become much stronger, however, the contingent role of political ties at home was not found. Originality/value - This study mainly concentrates on the two important types of home country-based networks, political and business ties at home, that may help international new ventures access strategic resources necessary for supporting the performance implications of improvisational capability. Thus, it extends the existing improvisational theory to encompass international entrepreneurship.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.26 no.12
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• pp.1908-1918
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• 2022

Recently, ASEAN is not only a new production base but also a consumer market for Korea, and interest in the utilization of production networks in each region is increasing. In particular, urbanization in ASEAN countries is progressing at a relatively fast pace. Each country is promoting smart city projects combined with ICT to improve outdated basic infrastructure facilities such as housing, transportation, logistics, crime prevention, and disaster prevention. The purpose of this study is to develop a web-based smart city export HUB platform so that companies with excellent domestic smart city solutions can participate in smart city construction through networks with ASEAN countries. These platforms can secure the demand for smart city construction in ASEAN countries, and through the establishment of the Korea-ASEAN public-private network, smart cities planned in ASEAN countries can be promoted more innovative. In addition, it is expected to be positioned as a Global smart city platform model by applying to real cities through collaboration with excellent domestic companies.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.13 no.12
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• pp.95-103
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• 2015

Purpose - The Visegrád Group cooperation of the past 14 years and that of V4 for the past 20 years has very important significance in the 21st century that must be maintained. This cooperation is valuable because of the trade routes that connect northern Poland to the Balkans in southern Croatia, which forman important basis for the resuscitation of Central European development. Currently, because of the European manufacturing base and industrial development, an energy supply and stable energy distribution networks have been introduced to secure cooperation and not competition within the Visegrád Group. This paper's research emphasizes the supply chain hub in neighboring countries. Although Central and Eastern European countries are small, they can provide a competitive response to Western Europe if they collaborate with the V4 group and other countries. Research design, data, and methodology - The subjects of this study in the Visegrád Group area are related to the development of Marketing and Distribution Sciences in the integrated European Union. In relation to the existing energy infrastructure, construction companies and financial institutions benefit from large-scale construction projects. Existing or new infrastructure facilities among the V4 must comply with the preconditions of regional energy markets. The network of emerging markets is changing into a European-logistics hub of new markets. This hub is closely associated with the economic development of European self-sustainment given that energy for distribution and consumption is imported from Russia. Therefore, this paper indirectly provides data on the regional distribution of energy as alternative bases in Europe for market expansion to Asia. Results - As a result, it appeared unlikely that V4 failed to implement homogeneity following the standards of Western Europe, as proposed by the EU. Throughout European history, individuals have gathered in Central Europe as an innovation hub. Currently, the region is being established independently for energy industrial development and not for tourism development, and is expected to play a central role in innovation and distribution consumption. Therefore, similar to Western and Northern Europe, V4 only appears to engage in distribution consumption on the basis of the identity that it formed for itself. This area is expected to either create a regional platform or a voice over a single economic policy. Conclusions - To this end, regarding the distribution of consumer groups within and outside the region, the V4 group is expected to be established for various policy areas and as a Eurasian outpost of trade and distribution logistics. In addition, given its purpose of engaging in the distribution of energy cooperation and trade clusters, the Visegrád Group will be in charge of the center axis of the bridge for distribution logistics trading partners from the Western Balkans to Caucasus and Eastern Europe. Thus, the Visegrád Group is entering this region as a platform for market share by enabling all or any investor can gain greater industrial benefits.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.53-82
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• 2016

This article begins that previous literatures of South Korea's paperless trade differ from those of other developed countries' paperless trade. Some scholars in South Korea have studied on the relevance of documentary credit in the paperless trade and operability of electronic documentary credit. But Some other scholars in other developed countries have studied about e-customs and e-air logistics. As a result, The current situation of South Korea's paperless trade differs from that of other developed countries' paperless trade. The South Korea's paperless trade has tried to achieve the operation of electronic documentary credit as well as e-customs through the establishment of Korea Trade Network(KTNET) and Customs service's Single Window known as Uni-pass. and other developed countries's paperless trade has made an effort to develop an e-customs and e-air logistics through customs service's Single Window. So, this article describes the current status and characteristics of South Korea's paperless trade and next, this article aims to find out the obstacles and countermeasures in the operation of South Korea's paperless trade. Therefore this paper provides a clear understanding of the problems and solutions associated with South Korea's paperless trade.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.139-162
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• 2019

In the case of Korea, policy support for shipping companies is limited, and the financial support should address the scale and period of support. Comprehensive measures are needed to boost the chances of reviving the industry. In order to secure competitiveness, the shipping companies need to make continuous efforts, prepare for the future by strengthening environmental regulations, and ensure that they have the ability to be flexible in their responses. The shipbuilding industry witnessed some improvement last year amid severe recession, but reforms are needed to address external and internal structural problems; further, to gain the characteristics of future leading industries, it is necessary to secure core technologies, as well as differentiated and specialized industrial competitiveness among rival countries through joint government intervention and joint R&D investment. Taking these steps will ensure that it has environment-friendly vessels and economic shipbuilding capabilities. The competitiveness of Busan Port should enable the utilization of the geopolitical characteristics of East Asia and contribute to: regional economic revitalization; development of its status as hub port; and securing the position of developed countries in East Asian logistics. For this purpose, it is necessary to establish a strategy to: expand the usability of shipowners/carriers; improve the quality of port operations; improve the portability of the smart system; expand the port of mega-ocean carriers; speed up port operations; and create low-cost ports. The establishment of a network of four countries will also require long-term global linkages. For example, there is a need to establish a logistics network between Eurasia and the European region, which will use the Russian Land Bridge System, as well as that of China.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.677-693
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• 2016

Using Social Network Analysis and Trade in Value Added Database(TiVA), this paper examines the world trade network. Main findings are as follows. Firstly, there are three types of industries, which have dominant status in the world value added trade network. Those are the manufacturing industries in the developing countries such as China's electronics industry, the service industries in the developed countries such as U.S. R&D, and the manufacturing industries in the developed countries such as German motor vehicle industry. Secondly, the major hub industries in the world trade network have their own specific types in the brokerage roles. Most interestingly, U.S. service industries such as the R&D, the logistics industry, and the whole sale and retail industry reveal itinerant and liaison brokerage roles. Thirdly, Korean industries have been dominated by Chinese industries. However, the financial industry and the R&D industry could have revealed superior status as the brokerage role of itinerant. This implies Korean industries could sustain their competitiveness of the hubness status only by openness policy in the service industry.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.1-9
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• 2017

Recently, the active research into wireless sensor networks has led to the development of sensor nodes with improved performance, including their mobility and location awareness. One of the most important goals of such sensor networks is to transmit the data generated by mobile sensors nodes. Since these sensor nodes move in the mobile wireless sensor networks (MWSNs), the energy consumption required for them to transmit the sensed data to the fixed sink is increased. In order to solve this problem, the use of mobile sinks to collect the data while moving inside the network is studied herein. The important issues are the mobility and energy consumption in MWSNs. Because of the sensor nodes' limited energy, their energy consumption for data transmission affects the lifetime of the network. In this paper, a mobile-sink based energy-efficient clustering scheme is proposed for use in mobile wireless sensor networks (MECMs). The proposed scheme improves the energy efficiency when selecting a new cluster head according to the mobility of the mobile sensor nodes. In order to take into consideration the mobility problem, this method divides the entire network into several cluster groups based on mobile sinks, thereby decreasing the overall energy consumption. Through both analysis and simulation, it was shown that the proposed MECM is better than previous clustering methods in mobile sensor networks from the viewpoint of the network energy efficiency.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.12
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• pp.9-16
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• 2016

Wireless sensor networks (WSN) are composed of sensor nodes and a base station. The sensor nodes deploy a non-accessible area, receive critical information, and transmit it to the base station. The information received is applied to real-time monitoring, distribution, medical service, etc.. Recently, the WSN was extended to mobile wireless sensor networks (MWSN). The MWSN has been applied to wild animal tracking, marine ecology, etc.. The important issues are mobility and energy consumption in MWSN. Because of the limited energy of the sensor nodes, the energy consumption for data transmission affects the lifetime of the network. Therefore, efficient data transmission from the sensor nodes to the base station is necessary for sensing data. This paper, proposes an energy consumption model using two-tier clustering in mobile sensor networks (TTCM). This method divides the entire network into two layers. The mobility problem was considered, whole energy consumption was decreased and clustering methods of recent researches were analyzed for the proposed energy consumption model. Through analysis and simulation, the proposed TTCM was found to be better than the previous clustering method in mobile sensor networks at point of the network energy efficiency.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.91-100
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• 2011

Hub network design for freight transportation is a decision process that determines hub locations together with freight transportation routes among shippers so as to ultimately minimize total logistics cost. This study presents the optimal location of hubs by strict hub network design policy with single allocation, which overcomes the limitation of Kim et al. (2008) that does not allow direct transportation among shippers. The greedy-interchange algorithm is employed for hub location decision process, and EMME/2 is adopted for the route searching process. Application of the processes to the nationwide highway network shows that the best hub locations in order are Seoul metropolitan, GyeongNam, Chung-nam, Jeon-Nam, Gyeong-Buk, Chung-Buk, and the locations are concentrated on the Seoul-Busan corridor. The strict hubnetwork design policy with single allocation increases the transportation distance but decreases the transportation cost by passing through the hubs instead of direct transportation. The reduction in total transportation cost can be achieved as the number of hubs increases, but the amount of the reduction gradually decreases because the cost reduction from the decrease in detour transportation distance between non-hubs and hubs becomes less than the discount reduction from dispersion of inter-hubs transportation volumes.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.26 no.6D
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• pp.917-926
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• 2006

Transportation Economies of scale are the essential properties of hub networks. One critical property of the hub network design problem is to quantify cost savings which stem from economies of scale, the costs of operating hub facilities and opportunity costs associated with delays stemming from consolidation of traffic flows. Due to the NP-complete property of the hub location problem, however, most previous researchers have focused on the development of heuristic algorithms for approximate solutions. The purpose of this paper is to develop a hub network design model considering transportation economies of scale from the consolidation of traffic flows. The model is designed to consider the uniqueness of hub networks and to determine several cost components. The heuristic algorithms for the developed model are suggested and the results of the model are compared with recently published studies using real data. Results of the analysis show that the proposed model reflects transportation economies of scale due to consolidation of flows. This study can form not only the theoretical basis of an effective and rational hub network design but contribute to the assessment of existing and planned logistics systems.