• Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.46-56
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• 2019

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to identify minimum data sets for oral mucous integrity-related documentation and to analyze nursing records for oral care. Methods: To identify minimum data sets for oral status, the authors reviewed 26 assessment tools and a practical guideline for oral care. The content validity of the minimum data sets was assessed by three nurse specialists. To map the minimum data sets to nursing records, the authors examined 107 nursing records derived from 44 patients who received chemotherapy or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in one tertiary hospital. Results: The minimum data sets were 10 elements such as location, mucositis grade, pain, hygiene, dysphagia, exudate, inflammation, difficulty speaking, and moisture. Inflammation contained two value sets: type and color. Mucositis grade, pain, dysphagia and inflammation were recorded well, accounting for a complete mapping rate of 100%. Hygiene (100%) was incompletely mapped, and there were no records for exudate (83.2%), difficulty speaking (99.1%), or moisture (88.8%). Conclusion: This study found that nursing records on oral mucous integrity were not sufficient and could be improved by adopting minimum data sets as identified in this study.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.287-299
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• 2022

Rather than using smartphones as seismometers with designated locations and orientations, this study proposes to employ crowds' smartphones in buildings to perform fast safety assessment of buildings. The principal advantage of using crowds' smartphones is the potential to monitor the safety of millions of buildings without hardware costs, installation labor, and long-term maintenance. This study's goal is to measure the maximum interstory drift ratios during earthquake excitation using crowds' smartphones. Beacons inside the building are required to provide the location and relevant building information for the smartphones via Bluetooth. Wi-Fi Direct is employed between nearby smartphones to conduct peer-to-peer time synchronization and exchange the acceleration data measured. An algorithm to align the orientation between nearby smartphones is proposed, and the performance of the orientation alignment, interstory drift measurement, and damage level estimation are studied numerically. Finally, the proposed approach's performance is verified using large-scale shaking table tests of a scaled steel building. The results presented in this study illustrate the potential to use crowds' smartphones with the proposed approach to record building motions during earthquakes and use those data to estimate buildings' safety based on the interstory drift ratios measured.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Pressure Vessels and Piping
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.28-35
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• 2021

The flow accelerated corrosion (FAC) is one of significant aging and degradation mechanism and can affect structural integrity of CANDU feeder pipes. Pipe burst can occur under normal operation pressure (min. 10 MPa) if wall-thinning of the feeder pipe due to FAC is accumulated. Previous studies considered simple shapes of feeder pipe with local wall-thinning in order to conservatively assess structural integrity of wall-thinned feeder pipe. In this paper, a new FE model is developed, having an actual shape of the feeder pipe (double bent) as well as the actual wall-thinning shape and location based on the in-service inspection result. Then, the burst pressure assessment of the wall-thinned feeder pipe is performed using lower bound limit load analysis considering elastic-perfectly plastic material. In addition, an improved formulation to predict the burst pressure of the wall-thinned feeder pipe is presented and the safety margin is compared with an existing assessment method.

• Structural Monitoring and Maintenance
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.133-154
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• 2023

Obscured structural members are mostly under-evaluated during condition assessment due to lack of visual inspection capability. Insufficient information about the integrity of these structural members poses a significant risk for public safety. Time domain reflectometry (TDR) is a novel approach in structural health monitoring (SHM). Ordinary coaxial cables "as is" without a major modification are not suitable for SHM with TDR. The objective of this study is to propose a practical and cost-effective modification approach to commercially available coaxial cables in order to use them as a "cable sensor" for damage detection with the TDR equipment for obscured structural members. The experimental validation and assessment of the proposed modification approach was achieved by conducting 3-point bending tests of the model piles as a representative obscured structural member. It can be noted that the RG59/U-6 and RG6/U-4 cable sensors expose higher strain sensitivity in comparison with non-modified "as is" versions of the cables used. As a result, the cable sensors have the capability of sensing both the presence and the location of a structural damage with a maximum aberration of 3 cm. Furthermore, the crack development can be monitored by the RG59/U-6 cable sensor with a simple calibration.

• Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.31-40
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• 2023

Given recent accidents involving autonomous vehicles, driver monitoring technology related to the transition of control in autonomous vehicles is gaining prominence. Driver status monitoring systems recognize the driver's level of alertness and identify possible impairments in the driving ability owing to conditions including drowsiness and distraction. In autonomous vehicles, predictive factors for the transition to manual driving should also be included. During traditional human driving, monitoring the driver's status is relatively straightforward owing to the consistency of crucial cues, such as the driver's location, head orientation, gaze direction, and hand placement. However, monitoring becomes more challenging during autonomous driving because of the absence of direct manual control and the driver's engagement in other activities, which may obscure the accurate assessment of the driver's readiness to intervene. Hence, safety-ensuring technology must be balanced with user experience in autonomous driving. We explore relevant global and domestic regulations, the new car assessment program, and related standards to extract requirements for driver status monitoring. This kind of monitoring can both enhance the autonomous driving performance and contribute to the overall safety of autonomous vehicles on the road.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.276-289
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• 2013

In developing offshore wind farms, many environmental issues arise because of the concentration on supply demand and economic logic. Accordingly, community conflict is induced. Especially, recent studies regarding the capacity and location of offshore wind development have been conducted considering wind states and ocean conditions, etc. of coastal seas in Republic of Korea. Nevertheless, studies on the impact of marine environments and ecosystems are very limited so far. Environmental monitoring that follows development projects has been actively done in the offshore wind farms in many developed European countries. In contrast, there is no domestic monitoring data regarding environmental impacts caused by installing and operating offshore wind power. Therefore, the environmental impacts under construction and operation phases as well as the guidelines in the stage of environmental impact assessment suited for domestic coastal seas are well presented in this study by analyzing monitoring cases and references of overseas offshore wind farm. For this reason, this research is ultimately aimed at minimizing the environmental impact in offshore wind farm development and thus simplify administrative procedures in Korea.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.45-60
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• 2020

In the past, air pollution, water pollution and solid waste were very important items, but at present environmentally sound land use, ecosystem conservation and sustainable socio-economy have become very important in EIA. According to the consultation result of SEA and Small scale EIA during 2012~2019, most results are 'Conditional Agreement'. Especially EIA consultation results before 2016 were mostly (94.1 %) 'Agreement', but since 2017 most (87.4 %) are 'Conditional Agreement'. And the percentage of 'Non Agreement' have sharply increased from 0.3~0.6 % (during 2013~2016) to 1.3~3.1 % (during 2017~2019). In case there have been no change in EIA system and consultation techniques, the problems of inconsistency and unfairness could be raised. Therefore are urgently required researches on environmentally sound land use, ecosystem conservation and sustainable socio-economy which decide location feasibility assessment. The purpose of this study is to analyse the consultation cases of SEA, EIA, and Small scale EIA since 2012, and to identify key factors which result in the decision of nonagreement of development plans and development projects, and to suggest the improvements on EIA consultation based on land use regulation and environmental grade.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.75-87
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• 2013

This study developed a GIS-based suitability assessment model of coastal zoning system that is needed in the substantial classification of coastal zoning system according to the establishment of law about coastal zoning system. First, this study investigated several kinds of regulations, GIS database and application system related coastal area. Also, grid data model was selected as the GIS analytical model for calculating items of suitability assessment of coastal zoning system. And Grid-based analytical method was suggested for calculating items composing of sea and spatial location characteristics including physical one. Critical values of items were presented using standards that were suggested in coastal regulations and land suitability assessment. Especially, this study presented a calculation method of continuous pattern as fuzzy set function for reflecting the characteristics of GIS data. And this study classified the suitability grade using Z-score and developed model designating coastal zone as conservation management priority, utilization management priority, and planning management priority. This study is judged that very efficient business performance is possible if we consider the spatial coverage of study area and GIS database when the suitability assessment model of coastal zoning system that is suggested in this study, is applied to business works.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.955-968
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• 2010

Three-dimensional body data has been used in many industry fields including the apparel industry. This research used data from a study of the changes in lower body girth measurements from a 3D scan study of 25 female subjects aged 18 to 24 in four postures; a standing posture, a $120^{\circ}$ knee bend posture, a one pace stepping posture, and a sitting posture with a $90^{\circ}$ knee bend. We used the information on the difference between standing and seated measurements to adjust ease values for pants patterns an evaluation of the appearance, and the comfort of the pants. Waist girth in the sitting posture increased 8% compared to a standing posture and the hip girth measurement increased 7%. A basic pants pattern (pants A) with 2.4cm ease at the waist and 2.6cm ease at the hip was developed and a pants pattern (pants B) was developed using the rates of lower body girth change with a 5.7cm ease (8% change) at the waist and 7cm ease (7% change) at the hip. The appearance assessment items of pants A in a standing posture were higher than pants B. On the other hand, most appearance assessment items of pants B in a sitting posture were higher than pants A, especially the ease of pants back waistline and the appearance of the whole back. Comfort assessment items of pants B in both standing and sitting postures were higher than the comfort assessment items for pants A, especially the location of pants waistline, the ease of pants at the waistline, and the ease at the abdomen. In order to find the best level of ease for better appearance and comfort in both standing and sitting postures, 20 pants were constructed with ease values at the waist and hip in increments of 1.1cm in the range between the ease values of pants A and pants B. A fit test was conducted to compare the average appearance and comfort ratings that identified the pants with the best ease values at the waist and hip. The highest total mean was achieved in the pants with a waist ease of 4.6cm and hip ease of 4.8cm.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.38 no.5_1
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• pp.535-543
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• 2022

A drone is used to diagnose crop growth and to provide information through images in the agriculture field. In the case of using high spatial resolution drone images, growth information for each object can be produced. However, accurate object detection is required and adjacent objects should be efficiently classified. The purpose of this study is to develop a Chinese cabbage object detection algorithm using multispectral reflectance images observed from drone and computer vision techniques. Drone images were captured between 7 and 15 days after planting a Chinese cabbage from 2018 to 2020 years. The thresholds of object detection algorithm were set based on 2019 year, and the algorithm was evaluated based on images in 2018 and 2019 years. The vegetation area was classified using the characteristics of spectral reflectance. Then, morphology techniques such as dilatation, erosion, and image segmentation by considering the size of the object were applied to improve the object detection accuracy in the vegetation area. The precision of the developed object detection algorithm was over 95.19%, and the recall and accuracy were over 95.4% and 93.68%, respectively. The F1-Score of the algorithm was over 0.967 for 2 years. The location information about the center of the Chinese cabbage object extracted using the developed algorithm will be used as data to provide decision-making information during the growing season of crops.