• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.174-177
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• 2007

Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue(MALT) lymphoma is the most common extranodal B cell lymphoma among peripheral one. Although palatine tonsil is common origin among Waldeyer's ring, there is no presented case in Korea. This lymphoma is known to be less invasive than other subtype of low grade B cell Non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Because MALT lymphoma has a tendency of localizing one area for a long time, there are many cases treated by local treatment like radiotherapy, or local excision and radiotherapy. We report a case of MALT lymphoma originated from left tonsil.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.153-159
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• 2002

Brittle materials such as ceramics and glasses show fragile fracture due to the low toughness and the crack sensitivity. When brittle materials are subjected to impact loading by small spheres, high contact pressure occurs to the surface of the specimen. Local damage is subsequently generated in the specimen. This local damage is a dangerous factor which gives rise to the final fracture of structures. In this research, impact damage of soda-lime glass plates by small spheres was evaluated by considering the effects of impact directions of indenter, pressure condition of specimen and residual strength after impact loading.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.39-43
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• 2000

New coordination polymers of general form, $$[CoL_2X_2]_n$$ (L = 3,3'-oxybis(pyridine) (obp), 1,4-bis(3-pyri-doxy) benzene (bpob); X = Cl, NCS), have been prepared via a slow diffusion method. The reaction of the present linkers with cobalt(II) ion affords infinite 2-dimensional sheet products. For $[Co(obp) $_2Cl_2]_n$$, the local geometry of the cobalt center is an octahedral arrangement with four nitrogen donors and two chlorine ions in trans positions. $$[Co(bpob)_2(NCS)_2]_n$$ has provided a similar structure: the local geometry of the cobalt atom is an octahedral arrangement with four pyridine units and two NCS groups in transpositions. The obp and bpob linkers connect two cobalt(II) ions defining the edges of 40- and 60-membered $[Co(II)]_4$ ring, respectively. Thermal analyses of the coordination polymers show significant thermal behavior associated with the characteristic structures.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.22-28
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• 1999

Purpose: We performed this study retrospectively to evaluate local control, survival, prognostic factors, and failure patterns in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of Waldeyer's ring. Materials and Methods: From April 1984 to November 1996,41 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of Waldeyer's ring were treated with combined chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Age was ranged from 19 to 73 years old with a median age of 55 years, and there were 26 male and 15 female patients. Primary site was tonsil in 26 and base of the tongue in 7 and nasopharynx in 8, and stage distribution showed stage I in 12 and stage II in 29 patients. Pathologic classification was done according to Working Formulation. There were 1 with follicular mixed small cleaved and large cell, 8 with diffuse small cleaved cell, 7 with diffuse mixed small and large cell, and 25 cases with diffuse large cell. All patients were treated with combination of chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Chemotherapy regimen consisted of either CHOP-Bleo(cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, vincristine, prednisolone, bleomycin) or COP-BLAM III(cyclophosphamide, vincristine, prednisolone, bleomycin, adriamycin, procarbazine). Radiation dose ranged from 3600cGy to 6620cGy with a median dose of 5040cGy. Follow-up time was ranged from 15 months to 159 months(median 55 months). Results: The complete response was achieved in 98%(40/41) and partial response in 2%(1/41). The complete response rate were the followings: 66.7% for stage I and 51.7% for stage II after chemotherapy, 100% for stage I and 96.6% for stage II after overall treatment respectively. The overall survival rate and disease-tree survival rates at 5 years were 82.6% and 79.5%, respectively. Prognostic factors for overall survival were age(p=0.007), stage(p=0.03), nodal status(p=0.006) and radiation dose(p=0.003). The factors associated with disease-tree survival were stage(p=0.04), nodal status(p=0.004) and radiation dose(p=0.009). The failure patterns were analized in evaluable 35 patients with complete response. Locoregional failure was noted in 2 patients and distant metastasis in 5 patients. Conclusion: Our results suggest that combined modality therapy is the appropriate treatment for stage I-II intermediate grade non-hodgkin's lymphoma of the Waldeyer's ring. However, our material is small and the analysis is retrospective. Randomized prospective studies for combined therapy, radiation therapy alone and chemotherapy alone are needed.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.402-413
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• 1997

A CMOS device which has an extended heavily-doped amorphous silicon source/drain layer on the field oxide and an amorphous silicon local interconnection (ASLI) layer in the self-aligned source/drain region has been studied. The ASLI layer has some important roles of the local interconnections from the extended source/drain to the bulk source/drain and the path of the dopant diffusion sources to the bulk. The junction depth and the area of the source/drain can be controlled easily by the ASLI layer thickness. The device in this paper not only has very small area of source/drain junctions, but has very shallow junction depths than those of the conventional CMOS device. An operating speed, however, is enhanced significantly compared with the conventional ones, because the junction capacitance of the source/drain is reduced remarkably due to the very small area of source/drain junctions. For a 71-stage unloaded CMOS ring oscillator, 128 ps/gate has been obtained at power supply voltage of 3.3V. Utilizing this proposed structure, a buried channel PMOS device for the deep submicron regime, known to be difficult to implement, can be fabricated easily.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.169-176
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• 2012

Tumor cell morphology is closely related to its migratory behaviors. An active tumor cell has a highly irregular shape, whereas a spherical cell is inactive. Thus, quantitative analysis of cell features is crucial to determine tumor malignancy or to test the efficacy of anticancer treatment. We use 3D time-lapse phase-contrast microscopy to analyze single cell morphology because it enables to observe long-term activity of living cells without photobleaching and phototoxicity, which is common in other fluorescence-labeled microscopy. Despite this advantage, there are image-level drawbacks to phase-contrast microscopy, such as local light effect and contrast interference ring. Therefore, we first corrected for non-uniform illumination artifacts and then we use intensity distribution information to detect cell boundary. In phase contrast microscopy image, cell is normally appeared as dark region surrounded by bright halo ring. Due to halo artifact is minimal around the cell body and has non-symmetric diffusion pattern, we calculate cross sectional plane which intersects center of each cell and orthogonal to first principal axis. Then, we extract dark cell region by analyzing intensity profile curve considering local bright peak as halo area. Finally, we calculated the Fourier descriptor that morphological characteristics of cell to classify tumor cells into active and inactive groups. We validated classification accuracy by comparing our findings with manually obtained results.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.19 no.7
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• pp.1390-1406
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• 1994

This study deals with the DMCLP(Delay constrained Minimum Cost Loop Problem)-one of problems arising in the design of local access computer networks. The problem consists of finding a set of rings to satisfy the traffic requirements of end user terminals. In the problem, the objective is to minimize the total link cost. This paper presents heuristic algorithm which consists of two phases for this problem, under the constraints that the number of nodes served by a single ring is limited and network mean delay is dropped within the desired time. The algorithm is derived using the clusters obtained by the existing MCLP(Minimum Cost Loop Problem) algorithm and a trade-off criterion explained in the paper. Actually, simulation results in that the proposed algorithm in this paper produces better solution than the existing MCLP algorithm modified. In addition, the algorithm has the relatively short running time.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.19-25
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• 2002

Bluetooth, in radio network environment, is a small local radio communication that is available with low expense and little power use. It is specified for the wireless connect in a small area between Network Excess Point, portable devices such as mobile phones. PDAs and portable PCs, and other per peripheral equipment. Bluetooth is consisted of a master and a piconet having seven slaves in a maximum and finally has a scatternet gathering lot of piconet. The thesis tries to design the most effective structure of a scatternet by the number of nodes and the type of scatternet such as linear and ring for its mechanism. then the performance evaluation is realized through the Bluehoc simulator based on the NS. Finally the most appropriate radio network environment is made by the comparison and analysis of the characteristics of liner and ring scatternets.

• Aerospace Engineering and Technology
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.124-132
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• 2003

This paper described the structural design and the fabrication procedure of KSR-III composite pressure tank. The type of the composite pressure tank was COPV(Composite Overwrapped Pressure Vessel). A non-load sharing liner was made of aluminum 6061-0 and the liner provided a helium gas seal. The composite pressure tank was winded using T700 carbon/epoxy on the liner. Because the aluminum liner was thin, multiple cure cycles were applied to the filament winding technique. The multiple cure cycles prevented the liner-cylinder from losing a circular shape. A fitting force at the metallic boss was spread to the carbon fiber by a boss ring. The boss ring also prevented a local deformation at the boss part.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.57 no.2
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• pp.407-417
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• 2020

Let (R, m) be a d-dimensional Cohen-Macaulay local ring with infinite residue field. Let I be an ideal of R that has analytic spread ℓ(I) = d, satisfies the G_d condition, the weak Artin-Nagata property AN^-_d-2 and m is not an associated prime of R/I. In this paper, we show that if j₁(I) = λ(I/J) + λ[R/(J_d-1 :_RI+(J_d-2 :_RI+I):_R m^∞)] + 1, then I has almost minimal j-multiplicity, G(I) is Cohen-Macaulay and r_J(I) is at most 2, where J = (x₁, _…, x_d) is a general minimal reduction of I and J_i = (x₁, _…, x_i). In addition, the last theorem is in the spirit of a result of Sally who has studied the depth of associated graded rings and minimal reductions for m-primary ideals.