• International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.156-165
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• 2006

Convective boiling heat transfer coefficients were measured in a horizontal minichannel with R-l34a. The test section was made of stainless steel tube with an inner diameter of 3.0 mm and a length of 2m. It was uniformly heated by applying electric current directly to the tube. Local heat transfer coefficients were obtained for heat fluxes from 10 to $40kW/m^2$, mass fluxes from 200 to $600kgT/m^2s$, qualities up to 1.0, and the inlet saturation temperature of $10^{\circ}C$. The experimental results were mapped on Wojtan et $al.'s^(7)$ and Wang et $al.'s^(8)$ flow pattern maps. The nucleate boiling was predominant at low vapor quality whereas the convective boiling was predominant at high vapor quality. Laminar flow appeared in the flow with minichannel. The experimental results were compared with six existing two-phase heat transfer coefficient correlations. A new boiling heat transfer coefficient correlation based on the superposition model for refrigerants was developed with mean and average deviations of 10.39% and -3.66%, respectively.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2015년도 학술발표회
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• pp.439-439
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• 2015

The temporal and spatial relationship of the weather elements such as rainfall and temperature is closely linked to the streamflow simulation, especially, to the flood forecasting problems. For the study area, Imjin river basin, which has the specific characteristics in geography with river cross operation between North and South Korea, the meteorological information in the northern area is totally deficiency, lead to the inaccuracy of streamflow estimation. In the paper, this problem is solved by using the combination of global (such as soil moisture content, land use) and local hydrologic components data such as weather data (precipitation, evapotranspiration, humidity, etc.) for the model-driven runoff (surface flow, lateral flow and groundwater flow) data in each subbasin. To compute the streamflow in Imjin river basin, this study is applied the hydrologic model SURR (Sejong Univ. Rainfall-Runoff) which is the continuous rainfall-runoff model used physical foundations, originally based on Storage Function Model (SFM) to simulate the intercourse of the soil properties, weather factors and flow value. The result indicates the spatial variation in the runoff response of the different subbasins influenced by the input data. The dependancy of runoff simulation accuracy depending on the qualities of input data and model parameters is suggested in this study. The southern region with the dense of gauges and the adequate data shows the good results of the simulated discharge. Eventually, the application of SURR model in Imjin riverbasin gives the accurate consequence in simulation, and become the subsequent runoff for prediction in the future process.

• 현장농수산연구지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.3-20
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to explore the possibility of commercialization of Korean traditional foods for the tourists. In order to develop suitable foods for the tourists, it is needed to identify the various traditional foods, its cooking process, and component parts. The author surveyed various traditional foods in Gyeonggi provinces through field visits and considered the followings: Significance of the foods in local areas and background of taking the foods, production of the foods for the tourists and foreigners, standard cooking process and mass production systems, best quality of foods and management for good qualities, period of circulation of foods, balanced nutritional elements, foods for the well-being concepts, scientific and reasonable inheritance mechanism for the foods, and concept of originality of the foods. For further development of traditional foods for the tourists, the followings should be considered: High quality of foodstuffs, advanced processing technology, marketing network, enforcement of publicity, supporting research institute on traditional foods, and automatic operation of processing facilities. As the result of this study, the following traditional foods in Gyeonggi provinces are recommended for the tourists: kongrungchang-gookbap, Moorutsook-goum, Gamja-boongsaengei, Sookboojaengei-sirudduk, Maemil-chongdduk, Gamja-ongshimi, Oksusu-ongshimi, Maemil-makguksoo, and Kotdung-chigi.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.105-125
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• 2024

Gliomas are the most common malignant brain tumor and cause the most deaths. Manual brain tumor segmentation is expensive, time-consuming, error-prone, and dependent on the radiologist's expertise and experience. Manual brain tumor segmentation outcomes by different radiologists for the same patient may differ. Thus, more robust, and dependable methods are needed. Medical imaging researchers produced numerous semi-automatic and fully automatic brain tumor segmentation algorithms using ML pipelines and accurate (handcrafted feature-based, etc.) or data-driven strategies. Current methods use CNN or handmade features such symmetry analysis, alignment-based features analysis, or textural qualities. CNN approaches provide unsupervised features, while manual features model domain knowledge. Cascaded algorithms may outperform feature-based or data-driven like CNN methods. A revolutionary cascaded strategy is presented that intelligently supplies CNN with past information from handmade feature-based ML algorithms. Each patient receives manual ground truth and four MRI modalities (T1, T1c, T2, and FLAIR). Handcrafted characteristics and deep learning are used to segment brain tumors in a Global Convolutional Neural Network (GCNN). The proposed GCNN architecture with two parallel CNNs, CSPathways CNN (CSPCNN) and MRI Pathways CNN (MRIPCNN), segmented BraTS brain tumors with high accuracy. The proposed model achieved a Dice score of 87% higher than the state of the art. This research could improve brain tumor segmentation, helping clinicians diagnose and treat patients.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.335-341
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• 2013

시판 경옥고 제품의 품질 특성과 항염증 활성에 대한 특성을 비교 분석하였다. 총 10종에 대한 일반성분을 분석한 결과, 수분(18.62~49.78%), 탄수화물(47.95~77.08%), 단백질(0.89~3.58%), 지질(0.16~1.14%) 및 회분(0.20~1.21%)이었고, 진세노사이드는 홍삼특유 사포닌인 Rg3, Rh1, Rh2 및 F1 등의 사포닌이 검출되어 총사포닌 함량은 0.24~0.76 mg/g이었으며, 생지황의 지표물질인 catalpol의 함량은 0.12~1.10 mg/g이었다. 유리당 조성 및 함량은 glucose가 11.00~22.38%로 가장 많이 함유되어 있으며, 이어서 fructose, sorbitol, maltose, 3당류 그리고 sucrose 순으로 검출되었고 총함량은 29.09~41.34%이었다. 색도는 백색도는 26.49~73.87, 적색도는 $30{\pm}10$, 황색도는 80~90의 범위에 있었다. 경옥고 제품의 물성은 점도특성으로 볼 때 일정한 온도에서 일정 회전속도로 반복적으로 작동시킬 경우 비례적으로 점도가 증가하는 특성을 가졌으며, 본 시험에 이용된 경옥고 제품의 물성은 크게 3가지 구분으로 grouping 되었는데 정적인 상태에서 고체상을 가지는 제품은 3, 5 및 10번이었고, 제품 2, 6 및 4번은 4회 반복 시까지는 일정값으로 비례적으로 상승하다가 그 이후부터는 일정한 값을 나타냈고, 7 및 8번은 한번 회전시킨 이후부터 거의 일정한 값을 보여주는 유동적인 특성을 보여주었으며, 탄수화물의 함량이 높은 것일수록 유동성이 큰 물성을 보여주었다. 시판 경옥고 제품의 열수추출물의 처리에 의한 RAW 264.7 대식세포에의 증식에 미치는 영향은 제품마다 약간씩 차이가 남을 볼 수 있었고, 제품 중 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8번 제품이 세포독성이 낮은 것으로 나타났으며, 특히 8번 제품은 가장 안전한 것으로 관찰되었다. LPS를 대식세포에 처리하기 전에 각 경옥고 제품의 추출물을 전처리하여 항염증 활성을 조사한 결과를 종합해 보면, 세포독성이 낮으면서 대식세포로부터의 염증 매개인자의 분비를 억제하는 항염증 활성은 1번과 7번 제품이 가장 우수하며, 2번 제품도 비교적 높은 안전성과 염증반응 억제효과를 가지는 것으로 판단되었다.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.236-243
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• 2010

본 연구는 2004년 KTX 도입 이후 암환자의 의료이용 패턴 변화에 대한 조사연구이다. 2004년과 2005년 전체 의료이용에 있어 서울지역 상급종합병원에서의 의료이용량 비중은 급격히 증가하였는데 이는 KTX 영향권 내 지역 상급종합병원에서의 의료이용량 비중 감소 현상과 맞물려 발생했다. 이와 달리 KTX 영향권 외 지역 상급종합병원에서의 의료이용량 비중은 큰 변화 없이 완만한 추세를 보였다. 따라서 의료소비자의 선택이 "foot voting"의 특성을 보이는 한국의 의료서비스 시장에서 KTX 도입은 장거리 교통 관련 비용을 감소시킴으로써 암환자의 지역 간 의료이용 패턴에 큰 영향을 주었음을 시사한다. 따라서 KTX가 암환자의 의료접근성 제고에 기여할 수 있는 측면을 고려할 경우 지방 거주 저소득 암환자에 대한 요금할인정책 등을 고려할 필요가 있다. 특히 적절히 설계된 요금할인정책은 저소득층 암환자의 KTX 이용 증가를 통해 추가적인 비용 유발 없이도 가능할 수 있을 것으로 보인다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.285-290
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• 1972

제주산(濟州産) 온주밀감(溫州蜜柑)의 주요산지별(主要産地別) 저장성(貯藏性)과 품질(品質)을 비교 검토하고자 남부(南部), 서남부(西南部), 서북부(西北部), 북부(北部) 및 동부산(東部産), 임온주(林溫州)(Citrus unshiu MARCOVITCH, CV. HAYASHI)를 반지하식(半地下式) 보통(普通) 저장고(貯藏庫)와 순환송풍식(循環送風式) 저온저장고(低溫貯藏庫)에 저장(貯藏)하고 변질과(變質果)와 당산도(糖酸度)의 변화(變化)를 조사(調査)한 바 1) 저장중(貯藏中) 부패율(腐敗率)은 보통(普通) 저장구(貯藏區)($8{\sim}10^{\circ}C$)와 저온저장구(低溫貯藏區)($2^{\circ}C{\pm}1$)에서 다같이 서북부(西北部)(한림(翰林))와 서남부(西南部)(대정(大靜)) 및 동부(東部)(성산(城山))산(産)이 높고 남부(南部)(서귀(西歸))및 북부(北部)(제주(濟州))산(産)은 현저히 적었다. 2) 저장중(貯藏中) 유포(油胞)의 갈변(褐變)은 저장온도(貯藏溫度)에 관계없이 북부(北部)와 남부산(南部産)에 발생이 심하고 서북부(西北部)와 서남부(西南部) 및 동부산(東部産)은 거의 문제시되지 않았다. 3) 저장중(貯藏中) 전당(全糖)은 점차 증가하고 과육(果肉)에서 환원당(還元糖)과 적정산도(滴定酸度)는 점차 감소하였다. 4) 산지별(産地別) 감미비(甘味比)는 서북부(西北部), 서남부(西南部), 남부(南部), 북부(北部) 및 동부(東部)의 순위로 서부산(西部産)이 동부산(東部産)에 비(比)하여 높고 식미(食味)가 우수하였다.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.163-172
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• 2003

Boiling heat transfer coefficients and pressure drops for R-22 and R-407C were measured in horizontal micro-channels. The test section is stainless steel tube, inner tube diameters are 1.8mm and 2.8mm, and the respective lengths are 1500mm and 3000mm. The range of mass flux is 300-600kg/$m^2$s and heat flux is 5-15kW/$m^2$. In this results, pressure drop increased linearly for both R-22 and R-407C with increased mass flux, but the increase of heat flux did not affect the pressure. In addition, the pressure drop was fairly increased in the high quality region rather than low quality region. In the range of low quality, the mass flux had a small affect on the heat transfer coefficients, however, in high quality region, the heat transfer coefficients increased even more with increasing mass flux. Under the low quality region and low mass flux, the heat transfer coefficients increased with increasing heat flux densities. The effects of inner tube diameter were clearly observed. Namely, the measured pressure drop inside inner tube diameter 1.8 mm is higher than 2.8 mm with increasing the mass flux and heat flux. Also, the measured local heat transfer coefficient inside inner tube diameter 1.8 mm is higher than 2.8 mm in the range of high qualities. The experimental data for R-407C compared with proposed correlation using pure refrigerant. The experimental data for R-407C was more decreased than the proposed correlation for pure refrigerant up to 50% or more.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제11권7호
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• pp.21-29
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• 2011

건강증진과 고령화 사회를 대비하기 위한 효과적인 문제 해결 방안으로 유헬스 서비스가 주목받고 있다. 현재의 유헬스 서비스는 질병 치료를 목적으로 개발되고 서비스되고 있지만, 더 근본적인 질병 예방과 건강증진을 위해서는 건강과 관련된 환경정보의 제공이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 상황인식 정보를 반영하는 유헬스 환경정보 서비스를 제안한다. 제안하는 서비스는 사용자 지역의 기상 및 보건 정보를 이용하여 환경정보를 도출하고 건강관리에 이용하여 유헬스 서비스의 수준을 향상시킨다. 상황인식 기반의 유헬스 환경정보 서비스에서는 건강 및 생활 날씨 지수 기반의 식단, 운동 서비스뿐만 아니라 사용자 위치기반의 위험지역에 대한 경고메시지와 원격 응급 서비스를 제공한다. 즉 상황인식을 통하여 사용자에게 일어날 수 있는 이벤트를 감지하고 적절한 서비스를 제공하므로 유헬스 서비스의 만족도와 질을 향상시킬 수 있다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.143-151
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• 2017

This study aims to analyze the design of public libraries which act as anchors in culture-led urban regeneration. They have been built as city's symbols as well as catalysts to revitalize city centers and urban spaces since the 1990s. This study finds that the public libraries play roles in the urban development as cultural icons, multi-functional spaces, and public domain. This study examines the five examples of the libraries and finds their important design qualities as follow. First, public libraries are planned to symbolize local culture and history as cultural icons. The shapes of public libraries are expressed with sculptured cultural icons, while their facades are designed to signify cities' identities and images. Second, public libraries in culture-led urban regeneration have multi-functional spaces which provide diverse activities and experiences to visitors. The libraries often have galleries and theaters for cultural life, cafes and shops for daily uses, educational facilities, as well as public services, parking, and transport systems that connect to urban infrastructure. Third, the public libraries become the anchors of surrounding public spaces and cultural buildings. The libraries have the sequences of approach from entry plazas, transitional zones, and entrances to lobbies. Especially the transitional zones between the libraries and the cities that are covered with giant cantilevers expand the libraries' space and establish attractive urban spaces. Forth, the libraries employ nature and cityscapes in their design. The surfaces and openings of the libraries are adjusted to allow many attractive views to visitors. Fifth, the libraries have big lobby spaces which are the centers of the buildings as well as the public domain. The lobby spaces are designed as in-door spaces like out-doors with vertical and horizontal openness that allow the natural flows of light from ceilings, glass walls and vertical voids.