• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.39-57
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• 1996

All kinds of environmental problems are related to each local and geographical environment. For this reason, it is necessary for schools in each region to provide environmental education which suits the geographical character of their particular region. In order to provide solutions to the environmental problems of each school's geographic region, the goal of this research is as follows: 1. We can make students realize the relationship between the human race and the environment by teaching according to the environmental conditions in each local area. 2. By teaching students about the problems in their own local environment, we can increase their concern about the state of their local surroundings. 3. When teaching about the environment, it is useful to use educational material which suits the character of each local region. 4. Students' interest in environmental preservation can be aroused through extracurricular environmental activities. The ares concerned are Chonnam and Kwangju City, which are divided into urban, industrial, rural, coastal, and mountainous areas. The conclusion about considering environmental education in environmental school social studies is as follows: 1. Kwangju and Chonnam should be divided into five sections, each with similar geographical environments. This will be an improvement over the old uniform approach to environmental studies in which all regions were treated as being the same each region will now receive special attention. 2. It is necessary to maximize the efficient use of the Environmental Education Building. When Media, environmental data and special materials for environmental education are used effectively, teachers can lead class effectively and students will be more interested in the class. 3. We can detect the cause of pollution, increase interest in the environment and easily solve environmental problems by collecting and displaying environmental educational materials. 4. An environmental education corner could boost students' interest in environmental problems and could act as a kind of bridge between theoretical and practical education. 5. Media and environmental data must be specialized according to the geographic character of each region. In this way, we can expect to improve the quality of environmental education over the simplistic environmental education of previous years. 6. Students will become interested in the problems of the region in which they live through social studies, and primarily through the environmental curriculum. 7. We can prevent learning deficiencies by making a consistent teaching plan. The teaching and learning methods will be improved and the teachers will be proud of what they teach. 8. The purpose of the Education Procedure Content Analysis is to make teaching and learning concise and easy by systematizing environmental and related subjects. This can be done by adding an environmental unit to the geographic section of social studies. 9. Citizens' interest in their own residential environment can be increased through action by sustaining environmental preservation movements to local region people.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.213-217
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• 2010

The use of chloral hydrate and hydroxyzine for oral sedation is most effective in children aged less than 36 months and weighing less than 15 kg. Children who do not belong to this category may show frequent movements due to shallow sedation level, and it can lead to sedation failures. One of the solutions to such sedation failure is conversion to deeper sedation. But, it is not so much of an option, since inhalation anesthetics and devices are required. In this case, conversion from oral sedation to intravenous sedation was successfully achieved without causing injection pain while searching for an intravenous route, by using EMLA cream (Eutectic Mixture of Local Anesthesia). A patient aged 46 months and weighing 15 kg visited the Pediatric Department of Dankook University Dental Hospital. Treatment under TSD(Tell Show Do) was offered, but due to the parent's request, oral sedative measures were taken. Considering prompt converting from oral sedation to iv sedation in case the oral sedation fails, EMLA cream was apllied preemptively. Adequate sedation level could not be achieved after 90 minutes of oral administration, therefore, under the parent's consent, intravenous route was prepared after conscious sedation by $N_2O-O_2$. During treatment, $ETCO_2$, $SPO_2$ and heart rate was monitored every 5 minutes. The patient showed stable vital signs and did not show any movements. The whole procedure took two and a half hours in total, and the treatment was completed without any adverse effects.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.211-219
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• 2009

Local and seasonal populations of the oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta, were monitored with sex pheromone trapping and RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA) molecular marker to analyze their movement in apple orchards. To detect their movements among farms, pheromone traps were placed at regions between apple farms ('outside-farms') as well as within-farms ('inside-farms'). Four seasonal adult peaks were evident in apple-cultivating fields from April to October in both trappings of inside- or outside-farms. After overwintering generation, populations of inside-farms were significantly reduced with frequent insecticide applications, compared to populations of outside-farms. Within apple farms, G. molesta tended to be unevenly distributed because of significant sublocal preference. Active movements of local and seasonal populations of G. molesta were supported by gene flow analysis using RAPD marker. Monitoring data using sex pheromone and seasonal reduction in initial genetic differentiation detected in the overwintering populations suggest that there must be significant movement of G. molesta among different orchards in apple-cultivating areas.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.123-139
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• 2015

This paper attempts to complement the methodological and conceptual lack of spatial thinking in Korean women's movement research and to facilitate further discussion on this field of research, by drawing on recent academic discussion on scale developed particularly among the Western critical and feminist geographers. The purposes of the paper are following. First, it addresses the need to utilize the concept of scale in women's movement research. Numerous spatial metaphors often proliferated with indiscretion in the feminist approach have rather tended to hinder fully understanding the spatiality of social movements. In order to examine the spatiality of social movements as both conceptual tool and praxis, not merely as metaphor, the paper incorporates main issues in recent scale discourses with particular attention to the debate between Marston and Brenner, and explores their implications for women's movement research in Korea. Second, it emphasizes the multi-scalar approach by highlighting the role of micro-scale, the less studied side in social movement literature. The public and the private divide, the long time battle ground in feminist research, is often intermingled with the hierarchical scalar understanding which considers the global as more powerful and important than the local. The reproductive realm, however, is indispensably related to production and political economic realm. The paper explores the very site where both the public/private divide and the hierarchical scalar understanding can be dismantled. It is the site where the private becomes public and the local becomes the global (and vice versa). Drawing on a brief example of an anti-FTA movement of women with strollers in Korea, it examines the way the multi-scalar approach advances the understanding of Korean women's movement.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.12-19
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• 2016

An average of 20 million individual transit unit activities per day on the Seoul-Gyeonggi-Incheon public transportation network are provided as transportation card analysis data by the metropolitan district (99.02% by 2014 standard, Humanlive, 2015.4). The metropolitan transportation card data can be employed in a comprehensive analysis of public transportation users' current transit patterns and by means of this, an effective use plan can be explored. In enhancing the existing information on the bus and rail integrated network of the metropolis with public transportation card data, the constraints in the existing methodology of metropolitan transit analysis, which functions on a zone unit origin and destination basis, can be overcome. Framework for metropolitan public transportation card data based integrated public transportation analysis, which consists of bus and rail integrated transport modes, is constructed, and through this, a single passenger's transit behavior transit volume can be approximated. This research proposes that in the use of metropolitan public transportation card data, integrated public transportation usage, as a part of individual passenger spatial movements, can be analyzed. Furthermore, metropolitan public transportation card usage data can provide insights into understanding not only movements of populations taking on transit activities, but also, characteristics of metropolitan local space.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.17-26
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• 2000

U-turns are allowed widely at the intersections by local police department while the left-turn Phases have been gradually Prohibited. However, any strategies for U-turn movements at signalized intersections are unavailable. Therefore, the Purpose of this study is to Propose the efficient operational method of Urban arterial adopting U-turn strategies. Four alternatives are evaluated they are, 1) U-turn movements are allowed at the adjacent intersection with exclusive U-turn lane while the major or the minor approach is Prohibited, 2) U-turn movements are allowed at the adjacent mid-block Pedestrian crossing with exclusive U-turn lane while the major approach is Prohibited. 3) U-turn movements are allowed at the adjacent mid-block Pedestrian crossing with exclusive U-turn lane while the minor approach is prohibited and 4) Comparative one between alternative 3 and 4. From the results of this study, it concludes that the method of U-turn movements allowed at the adjacent mid-block pedestrian crossing with exclusive U-turn lane is the most effective strategy among those alternatives. The strategies of alternative 1 and 4 are Proposed by the boundary based on the major through and left-turn volumes and the minor left-turn volume.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.564-572
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• 2019

Numerical simulation of the sediment by the Delft3d model was conducted to examine the changes in the sediment budget transport caused by long-term wave changes at the Maengbang beach. Representative waves were generated with input reduction tools using NOAA NCEP wave data for about 40 years, i.e., from January 1979 to May 2019. To determine the adequacy of the model, wave and depth changes were compared and verified using wave and depth data observed for about 23 months beginning in March 2017. As a result of the error analysis, the bias was 0.05 and the root mean square error was 0.23, which indicated that the numerical wave results were satisfactory. Also, the observed change in depth and numerical result were similar. In addition, to examine the effect due to long-term changes in the waves, the NOAA wave data classified into each of the representative wave grades, and then the annual trend of the representative wave was analyzed. After deciding the weight of each wave class considering the changed wave environment in 2100, the amounts of sedimentation, deposition, and the sediment transport budget were reviewed for the same period. The results indicated that the sedimentation pattern did not change significantly compared to the current state, and the amount of the local sediment budget shown in the present state was slightly less. And there has been a local increase in the number of sediment budget transport, but there is no significant difference in the net and amount of sediment movements.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.89-95
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• 2013

This study investigates a parallel manipulator that can move over two parallel sliders and in which the end-effector of the manipulator can be adjusted arbitrarily. Through the direct and inverse kinematics of the manipulator, position equations are derived. These equations represent the relationship between the positions of the sliders and the position of the end-effector. The Jacobian matrices of the direct and inverse kinematics are obtained by these equations. By using the condition number defined from these matrices, the local performance index of the manipulator is proposed. By using the simulation results of the performance index, we find that the manipulator can smoothen movements in only one quadrant and that the distribution of the maximal performance index is affected by the ratio of the length of links and the orientation of the end-effector.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.1-11
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• 2021

Prior research regarding the macro patterns of industry convergence has focused on the inter-industry patent network and cross-industry movements of products or services. This article provides a novel approach, according to which human resources embodying explicit and implicit knowledge and technologies are important media driving industry convergence. Drawing on GOMS data (2015-2019) and using information of university graduates' academic majors and their occupations, this article proposes an analytic strategy by which to understand the macro patterns and structural features of industry convergence. Specifically, we build unbalanced bipartite networks of major-industry (occupation) relations, and construct the measures of the industry's niche width and the measure of the average degree of convergence of majors that each industry is linked to. By crossing the two measures, we identify four groups of industries(occupations); specialist, generalist, partial convergence, and full convergence. The convergence group is composed of industries (occupations) that acquire human resources from a number of academic majors each of which plays a role of glue connecting several local industries.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.265-292
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to figure out the movements of policy actors in the policy process of the establishment of a local cultural foundation in B-gu(district), A-si (city), then to explore the way to contract out of the management of public libraries to the cultural foundation in the policy process. Data for the study were collected from various sources from newspapers and assembly minutes to blogs and SNS messages of the policy actors, then analysed based on Advocacy Coalition Framework (ACF). The results showed that 'agreement of contract-out' coalition only accepted public interest of the public libraries between the public interest and specialty of librarianship which were insisted by 'disagreement of contract-out' coalition's policy beliefs. The comparison between this case and a similar policy case showed that the specialty of librarianship as a core belief is effective in changing the beliefs of other coalition. Eventually, it is required to differentiate and to specialize library services among public services in a local area in order to keep the direct management of public libraries by the local government, and this means that everyday library services influence the decision making of library policies in the local area.