• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.365-372
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• 2009

The influence of combustor pressure on the local reaction characteristics of $CH_4$/air flames was investigated by measurements of local chemiluminescence intensity. Induced flow flames are often applied to the industrial boiler systems and incinerator in order to improve heat transfer and prevent exhaust gas leakage. In order to investigate combustion characteristics in the induced flow pattern, the combustor pressure index($P^*$) was controlled in the range of $0.7{\sim}1.3$ for each equivalence ratio in the present combustion system, where $P^*$ is defined as the ratio of absolute pressure to atmospheric one. Relationship between local reaction intensity and pressure index have been investigated by simultaneous $CH^*$, $C^*_2$ and $OH^*$ intensity measurements. It could be observed that flame length became longer with decreasing $P^*$ from $CH^*$ chemiluminescence intensity of axial direction. The mean value of $C^*_2$ and $CH^*$ chemiluminescence intensities, which indicates reaction intensity in the $CH_4$/air flames, decreased with decreasing pressure index for ${\Phi}{\leq}1$, but increased with decreasing pressure index for ${\Phi}$>1. $C^*_2/CH^*$ intensity ratio, which can be a good marker to demonstrate local equivalence ratio, was almost same for ${\Phi}{\leq}1$ regardless of pressure index change, while they showed high level for lower pressure index for ${\Phi}$>1 conditions.

• 한국방재안전학회논문집
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.69-80
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• 2021

본 연구는 매년 실시되는 지역안전도 평가제도중 문제점이나 개선을 요하는 사항들을 발굴하여 개선방안을 제시하고자 하였다. 연구의 구성 및 내용을 간략하게 소개하면, 서론인 도입부에서는 2020년도에 행정안전부에서 새롭게 적용한 지역안전도 평가 방법에 대하여 기술하였다. 지자체에서 최종 평가받은 지역안전도 등급에 따른 활용 방안도 소개하였다. 본론에서는 지역안전도 관련 선행 연구자들의 다양한 견해를 요약 기술하였다. 또한 지역안전도의 지표구성, 지수 산출 방법, 현행 지표를 적용함에 있어서 문제점을 도출하였다. 첫째, 재해위험요인 분야의 「사회적 취약성 지표」 "반지하 가구 수"는 "기초생활 수급자 가구 수"로 대체한다. 또한 "비닐하우스 면적"은 "비닐하우스에 거주하는 가구 수, 컨테이너 가구 수, 쪽방촌 가구 수" 등을 합한 자료로 대체하여 평가한다. 둘째, 상습 가뭄재해지역 관리 평가부문은 시군구의 상수도 보급률이 95% 이상인 지자체는 "결측" 처리한다. 수도권 및 도시화가 이루어진 자치단체에는 가뭄재난이 거의 발생하지 않기 때문이다. 셋째, 방재대책추진 대응분야의 「지역자율방재단 활성화」 평가지표 내용에 지역자율방재단과 더불어 안전보안관, 안전모니터봉사단, 재난안전 실버감시단 등의 활동도 평가에 추가한다. 다만 각 지자체 마다 지역자율 방재조직의 명칭이 상이할 수 있기 때문에 재난 예방을 위해 조직되어 활동하는 자율 방재조직이면, 그 활동 실적을 모두 합산하여 평가하는 것이 타당할 것이다. 넷째, 유엔재해위험경감사무국(UNDRR)에서 사용하고 있는 안전도시 평가도구인 스코어카드 평가 항목 중 자연재난과 연관이 깊은 "자연생태계가 제공하는 보호기능 강화를 위한 자연 완충재 보존"항목을 차용한다. 스코어카드 평가는 UNDRR에서 강조하는 "기후 위기와 재해에 강한 도시 만들기"라는 캠페인을 전개하면서 지자체의 재난 복원력(resilience)을 향상시키는 데 초점이 맞추어져 있는 평가 지표이다. 끝으로 "지역안전도"와 "지역안전지수"명칭이 유사하여 지역안전도의 용어를 "자연재난 안전도" 또는 "자연재해 안전도"라는 명칭으로 변경한다. 그래야만 일반인 누구나 지역안전도와 지역안전지수를 구분할 수 있기 때문이다.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2004년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.1146-1151
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• 2004

Measurements of OH chemiluminescence in an atmospheric pressure, laboratory-scale dump combustor at equivalence ratios ranging from 0.63 to 0.89 were reported. The signal from the first electronically excited state of OH to ground state was detected through a band-pass filter with an ICCD. The objectives of this study are two: One is to see the effects of equivalence ratio on global heat release rate and local Rayleigh index distribution. To get the local Rayleigh index distribution, the line-of-sight images were inverted by tomographic method, such as Abel de-convolution. Another aim is to investigate the validity of using OH chemiluminescence acquired with an ICCD as a qualitative measure of local heat release. For constant inlet velocity and temperature, the overall intensities of OH emission acquired at different equivalence ratio showed periodic and higher value at high equivalence ratio. OH intensity averaged over one period of pressure increased exponentially with equivalence ratio. Local Rayleigh index distribution clearly showed the region of amplifying or damping the combustion instability as equivalence ratio increased. It could provide an information/insights on active control such as secondary fuel injection. Finally, local heat release rate derived from reconstructed OH images were presented for typical locations.

• 한국연소학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.41-47
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• 2009

An experimental study was performed to confirm the effect of the changing combustor pressure(-30~30 kpa), combustion characteristics were investigated by measuring the local chemiluminescence intensity, the local temperature distribution and emission. In order to investigate combustion ones, the combustor pressure index($P^*$) was controlled in the range of 0.7~1.3 for each equivalence ratio in the present combustion system, where $P^*$ is defined as the ratio of absolute pressure to atmospheric one. The local mean temperature showed the uniform distributions for lower pressure index, which increased with increasing equivalence ratio. The mean $OH^*$ chemiluminescence intensity, showed high level for lower pressure index for ${\Phi}{\get}1.0$ conditions. EINOx decreased with decreasing pressure index for overall equivalence ratio conditions.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.29-40
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• 2021

범죄, 화재, 교통사고 등 국민의 안전을 위협하는 위험인자들은 지역적 맥락과 공간적 특성을 가지고 있다. 지역마다 서로 다른 위험환경을 가지고 있으므로 교통사고, 화재, 범죄, 생활안전 분야별로 위험요소의 공간적 패턴을 분석할 필요가 있다. 본 연구는 전국 기초자치단체를 대상으로 분야(교통사고, 화재, 범죄, 생활안전, 자살, 감염병)별 안전등급을 측정한 지표인 지역안전지수의 공간적 분포 패턴을 분석하는데 연구의 목적이 있다. 지역안전지수의 공간적 자기상관성 분석을 위해 전역적 공간자기상관분석(Global Moran's I)과 Local Moran's I를 활용한 LISA(Local Indicators of Spatial Association) 분석, Getis-Ord's G⁎i 분석을 실시하였다. 분석결과 교통사고, 화재, 자살의 안전지수 분포는 범죄, 생활안전, 감염병의 안전지수보다 공간적으로 집중(clustered) 경향을 보였다. 지역간 유의미한 공간적 연관성을 분석한 LISA 분석결과에 따르면, 수도권 지역이 다른 도시에 비하여 지역안전통합지수를 기준으로 비교적 안전한 지역인 것으로 나타났다. 또한 Getis-Ord's G⁎i 통계값을 활용한 핫스팟분석 결과 안전 취약지역의 군집인 3개의 핫스팟(강원도 삼척시, 경상북도 청송군, 전라북도 김제시)과 전반적인 안전 수준이 높은 군집인 15개의 콜드스팟이 도출되었다. 이러한 연구 결과는 안전 수준 취약지역의 공간적 분포와 패턴을 파악하여 안전 지수 개선을 위한 정책 수립시 기초자료로 활용될 수 있다.

• 농촌계획
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.103-116
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to analyze and diagnose the actual state of extinction risk in rural villages by analyzing time series population characteristics and extinction risk index of rural villages(Haengjeong-ri). As a research method, a time series analysis was performed on the 'population over 65' and the 'female population aged 20 to 39' related to the local extinction index. In addition, the disappearance of Haengjeong-ri village was analyzed using the existing local extinction index. For the study, Haengjeong-ri village-level GIS spatial data was constructed, and population attribute data in 2010, 2015, and 2020 were constructed. In order to derive implications, the change of the 'high risk of extinction 'village in the 2020 local extinction index, the distribution of the population of 'high risk of extinction' villages by three years, the population analysis of 'high risk of extinction' villages continuously from 2010 to 2020, and 'high risk of extinction' An analysis of the increase and decrease of the population of the village and the change of the local extinction index of Haengjeong-ri, where the city, county, and towns are located were analyzed. As a result of the analysis of this study, it was found that the number of villages with an aging of more than 50% increased by 2 to 3 times over 10 years. As a result of the analysis of the local extinction index, in 2010, the southwestern and central regions of South Chungcheongnam-do were high-risk extinction areas, but in 2020, all cities except Cheonan and Asan were converted to high risk extinction areas. Research has shown that Chungnam is facing a serious aging and village extinction crisis, and since the disappearance of villages gradually spreads, an initial response policy is needed. This result will be the same not only in Chungcheongnam-do but also in other rural villages. Therefore, in the case of rural villages, it is necessary to analyze and diagnose the Haengjeong-ri village unit, not the Eup-Myeon unit, and a response policy through diagnosis must be prepared urgently.

• 농촌계획
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.15-24
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• 2023

The sense of crisis regarding regional extinction due to low birth rates and an aging population is expanding. Generally, the local extinction index is used to analyze local extinction. However, it is challenging to diagnose the actual situation of village extinction risk in rural areas, even though the regional extinction index can be analyzed in units such as Si-Gun-Gu and Eup-Myeon-Dong. This difficulty arises because the regional extinction index solely relies on natural population growth indicators (elderly population and female population aged 20-39). Therefore, the purpose of this study is to develop a village extinction index that can identify the disappearance of rural villages. Additionally, the aim is to apply the developed indicators to the village (administrative ri) spatial unit. The existing regional extinction index used only mortality-related indicators as factors for natural population decline and fertility-related indicators as factors for natural population growth. However, the developed village extinction index included not only the factors of natural population change but also incorporated social population growth factors and factors related to the pace of village extinction. This is the key difference between the developed village extinction index and the existing regional extinction index. In this study, the indicators of "total population," "number of young women aged 20-44," "number of elderly population aged 70 or older," and "number of incoming population" were selected to develop a village extinction index. The village extinction index was developed by incorporating both natural population growth indicators and social population growth indicators. The developed village extinction index was applied to administrative villages. This research is expected to provide a more accurate understanding of the current state of rural villages facing extinction.

• 급식외식위생학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.78-83
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• 2021

According to the report of the Korea Agro-Fisheries and Food Trade Corporation (2019), the size of the HMR food market in 2019 exceeded 4 trillion won. On the other hand, the consumption of agricultural products continued to decrease. As reported by Woo (2020) who analyzed consumer panel survey data, when the 2010 agricultural product purchase index was 100, the crop purchase index in 2019 was 72 and the vegetable and special crop purchase index was 69. Therefore, the Rural Development Administration promoted the research projects to develop the technologies for producing stably raw materials of HMR and for optimizing local foods as HMR ingredients. Researches on the development of HMR using local agricultural products has been being promoted in Cheonan, Chungju, and Jeju in 2020. In the case of Jeju, it has been prepared and realized the B2B commercialization of Jeju agricultural products in connection with the convenience store ingredients supplier in the province. In the case of Cheonan, development of HMR foods like as Sundae, dumpling, sausage, and Tteokgalbi using willd chive, cherry tomatoes, shiitake mushroom, fortified perilla, and licopene fortified watermelon has been being promoted. Lastly, in the case of Chungju, a diverse HMR foods have been developed using beans, centella asatica, Japanese lady bell, apples and peaches such as blended juices, frozen boiled rice, and tofu kit. In the future, in connection with the regional specialized crop cultivation project promoted by the Rural Development Administration, we intend to support the convergence commercialization of R&D technology based on regional characteristics.

• 대한수학회지
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.871-883
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• 2006

We show that the Auslander index is the same as the column invariant over Gorenstein local rings. We also show that Ding's conjecture ([13]) holds for an isolated non-Gorenstein ring A satisfying a certain condition which seems to be weaker than the condition that the associated graded ring of A is Cohen-Macaulay.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제6권6호
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• pp.542-550
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• 2012

This pilot study was performed to produce data of the Children's Dietary Life Safety (CDLS) Index which is required by the Special Act on Safety Management of Children's Dietary Life and to evaluate the CDLS Index for 7 metropolitan cities and 9 provinces in Korea. To calculate the CDLS Index score, data regarding the evaluation indicators in the children's food safety domain and children's nutrition safety domain were collected from the local governments in 2009. For data regarding the indicators in the children's perception & practice domain, a survey was conducted on 2,400 5th grade children selected by stratified sampling in 16 local areas. Relative scores of indicators in each domain were calculated using the data provided by local governments and the survey, the weights are applied on relative scores, and then the CDLS Index scores of local governments were produced by adding scores of the 3 domains. The national average scores of the food safety domain, the nutrition safety domain and the perception and practice domain were 23.74 (14.67-26.50 on a 40-point scale), 16.65 (12.25-19.60 on a 40-point scale), and 14.88 (14.16-15.30 on a 20-point scale), respectively. The national average score of the CDLS Index which was produced by adding the scores of the three domains was 55.27 ranging 46.44-58.94 among local governments. The CDLS Index scores produced in this study may provide the motivation for comparing relative accomplishment and for actively achieving the goals through establishment of the target value by local governments. Also, it can be used as useful data for the establishment and improvement of children's dietary life safety policy at the national level.