• 한국근적외분광분석학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국근적외분광분석학회 2001년도 NIR-2001
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• pp.1121-1121
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• 2001

A previous study (Berzaghi et al., 2001) evaluated the performance of 3 calibration methods, modified partial least squares (MPLS), local PLS (LOCAL) and artificial neural networks (ANN) on the prediction of the chemical composition of forages, using a large NIR database. The study used forage samples (n=25,977) from Australia, Europe (Belgium, Germany, Italy and Sweden) and North America (Canada and U.S.A) with reference values for moisture, crude protein and neutral detergent fibre content. The spectra of the samples were collected using 10 different Foss NIR Systems instruments, only some of which had been standardized to one master instrument. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the behaviour of these different calibration methods when predicting the same samples measured on different instruments. Twenty-two sealed samples of different kind of forages were measured in duplicate on seven instruments (one master and six slaves). Three sets of near infrared spectra (1100 to 2500nm) were created. The first set consisted of the spectra in their original form (unstandardized); the second set was created using a single sample standardization (Clone1); the third was created using a multiple sample procedure (Clone6). WinISI software (Infrasoft International Inc., Port Mathilda, PA, USA) was used to perform both types of standardization, Clone1 is just a photometric offset between a “master” instrument and the “slave” instrument. Clone6 modifies both the X-axis through a wavelength adjustment and the Y-axis through a simple regression wavelength by wavelength. The Clone1 procedure used one sample spectrally close to the centre of the population. The six samples used in Clone 6 were selected to cover the range of spectral variation in the sample set. The remaining fifteen samples were used to evaluate the performances of the different models. The predicted values for dry matter, protein and neutral detergent fibre from the master Instrument were considered as “reference Y values” when computing the statistics RMSEP, SEPC, R, Bias, Slope, mean GH (global Mahalanobis distance) and mean NH (neighbourhood Mahalanobis distance) for the 6 slave instruments. From the results we conclude that i) all the calibration techniques gave satisfactory results after standardization. Without standardization the predicted data from the slaves would have required slope and bias correction to produce acceptable statistics. ii) Standardization reduced the errors for all calibration methods and parameters tested, reducing not only systematic biases but also random errors. iii) Standardization removed slope effects that were significantly different from 1.0 in most of the cases. iv) Clone1 and Clone6 gave similar results except for NDF where Clone6 gave better RMSEP values than Clone1. v) GH and NH were reduced by half even with very large data sets including unstandardized spectra.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.341-350
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• 2017

Based on the super elastic properties of the shape memory alloy (SMA) and the inverse piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric (PZT) ceramics, a kind of hybrid semi-active control device was designed and made, its mechanical properties test was done under different frequency and different voltage. The local search ability of genetic algorithm is poor, which would fall into the defect of prematurity easily. A kind of adaptive immune memory cloning algorithm(AIMCA) was proposed based on the simulation of clone selection and immune memory process. It can adjust the mutation probability and clone scale adaptively through the way of introducing memory cell and antibody incentive degrees. And performance indicator based on the modal controllable degree was taken as antigen-antibody affinity function, the optimization analysis of damper layout in a space truss structure was done. The structural seismic response was analyzed by applying the neural network prediction model and T-S fuzzy logic. Results show that SMA and PZT friction composite damper has a good energy dissipation capacity and stable performance, the bigger voltage, the better energy dissipation ability. Compared with genetic algorithm, the adaptive immune memory clone algorithm overcomes the problem of prematurity effectively. Besides, it has stronger global searching ability, better population diversity and faster convergence speed, makes the damper has a better arrangement position in structural dampers optimization leading to the better damping effect.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.507-517
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• 1996

To explain the horizontal expansion of a rhizomatous perennial, Convallaria keiskei(lily-of-the-valley), in a study site of Chunchon, Kangwon Province, Korea, ramet growth and clonal structure were studied. Remarkable growth stategies were clarified. First, the timing for the successive phenological events such as sprouting. flowering and rhizome growth for lily-of-the-valley was fitted to exploit early spring when the canopy of overstory was opened. Second, these events were supported by effective matter allocation pattern: for example, two-year investment for new rhizomes enabled the first year ramets to mature in six weeks after sprouting and to grow up to 85% of the leaf area of perennial ramets. Finally, the ramet population was increased by local disturbances such as freezing, herbivory and collection by human. The rule that a clone was supposed to produce one new thizome per year was broken by occasional disturbances. Then, up to 5rhizomes from latent bur could be redeveloped. Based on clonal structure, 80% or total clones have from 1 to 4 ramets. this means there have occurred minor disturbances. Therefore, in conclusion, the successful flourishing of lily-of-the-valley came from its effective frowth strategy to take advantage of site disturbance.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.49-55
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• 1996

본 연구는 마늘(Allium sativum L.)의 기초적인 유전적 특성을 파악하기 위해, 단양마늘을 대상으로 염색체 DNA의 반복서열의 양상을 확인하고, 고반복서열이 매우 빠르게 reassociation되는 특성을 이용하여 이들에 해당되는 부분을 분리하고, 클로닝하였다. 이들 고반복서열 클론의 게놈 내의 copy수는 대체적으로 $10^{5}~10^{7}$이었다. 이 중 일부 클론의 염기서열과 분석한 결과, G/C 함량은 25~40% 정도로 낮았고, 일부서열의 내부에서는 소단위의 염기서열이 반복배열되어 있었다. 단양을 비롯한 문경, 서산, 의성 품종 사이에서 해당 반복서열의 변이정도를 조사하기 위하여, 다섯종류의 고반복서열을 탐침으로 이들 품종 마늘에 대한 RELP(restriction fragment length polymorphism)분석을 한 결과 이들 서열의 유전적변이는 거의 나타나지 않았다.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.259-264
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• 1993

사과의 조팝나무진딧물의 수종 약제에 대한 야외 개체군의 감수성을 조사하였다. 1983년부터 1987년까지 사과원에서 피리미카브외 9약종에 대한 약효시험결과 연도별, 지역별에 따라 현저한 감수성 차이를 보였는데, 서울등 4개 지역에서 사과나무에 발생한 진딧물에 대한 약제감수성을 조사한 결과 지역별로 디메톤에스메칠과 포스파미돈이 차가 크게 있었고, 약제별 {TEX}$LC_{50}${/TEX}을 델타메스린과 크로르피리포스가 10ppm 이하였으며, 디메톤에스메칠, 아세페에트, 포스파미돈, 모노크로토포스, 바미도치온은 103~629ppm이었고, 가장 오래 사용하였던 이피엔과 피리미카브는 1000ppm이상이었다. 또한 약제저항성 정도를 조사하기 위하여 감수성 크론과 저항성 크론을 침지법으로 처리하여 저항성비를 조사한 결과 포스파미돈은 73배, 파리미카브는 546배의 저항성이 유발되었으며, 감수성 크론과 저항성 크론에대한 효소활성을 $\alpha$-NA를 기질로해서 한천겔 전기영동법으로 효소활성을 조사한 결과 감수성 크론에 비하여 저항성 크론은 E-2, E-5, E-6, E-7의 활성이 현저하게 높았다. 따라서 조팝나무진딧물의 살충제에 대한 감수성 저하는 에스테라제의 활성도에 기인하는 것으로 생각되나 다른 원인도 배제할 수는 없다.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.2485-2492
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• 2018

The rapid development of large-scale integrated circuits has brought great challenges to the circuit testing and diagnosis, and due to the lack of exact fault models, inaccurate analog components tolerance, and some nonlinear factors, the analog circuit fault diagnosis is still regarded as an extremely difficult problem. To cope with the problem that it's difficult to extract fault features effectively from masses of original data of the nonlinear continuous analog circuit output signal, a novel approach of feature extraction and dimension reduction for analog circuit fault diagnosis based on wavelet packet decomposition, local linear embedding algorithm, and clone selection algorithm (WPD-LLE-CSA) is proposed. The proposed method can identify faulty components in complicated analog circuits with a high accuracy above 99%. Compared with the existing feature extraction methods, the proposed method can significantly reduce the quantity of features with less time spent under the premise of maintaining a high level of diagnosing rate, and also the ratio of dimensionality reduction was discussed. Several groups of experiments are conducted to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method.

• 한국식물병리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식물병리학회 2003년도 정기총회 및 추계학술발표회
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• pp.143.3-144
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• 2003

A Korean isolate of Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV-Kr) was isolated from a diseased pepper crop in Chunchon, Korea. The isolate was biologically purified on Nicoticaa tabacum cv. Xanthi-nc by successive single local transfer steps, and propagated on N. tabacum cv. Samsun. PMMoV-Kr could systemically infect on N. glauca, N. benthmiana, N. occidentalis and Lycopersicon esculentum, which is typical of known isolates of PMMoV. PMMoV-Kr belongs to the pathotype P1,2 based on pepper-tobamoviral indicator experiments; Capsicn chinone harboring L3 gene revealed resistant (necrotic local lesion on inoculated leaf, HR) whereas L+, L1 and L2 pepper plants expressed susceptible reactions of mosaic systemic symptoms for the isolate. To confirm the pathology and delineate symptom determinant of the isolate, full-length cDNAs of PMMoV-Kr were amplified by RT-PCR with a primer set corresponding to the 5'- and 3'-ends of PMMoV. The RT-PCR molecules amplified from genome RNA of the isolate was cloned into the pUC18 vector. Full-length cDNA clones constructed under the control of the T7 RNA promoter could be successfully transcribed to produce in vitro transcript RNA. Infectivity of the capped transcripts and its progeny virus was verified by Western blot and RT-PCR analyses.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.77-85
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• 2009

Pseudomonas fluorescens strain Gpf01, isolated from ginseng rhizosphere showed antiviral activity against Cucumber mosaic virus, when tested in a local host of CMV, Chenopodium amaranticolor. Transposon mutant library of Gpf01 was prepared using pGS9::Tn5 and the mutant Gpf01-RS19 was found to loose antiviral production. We developed primers from the flanking region of Tn5 and found a cosmid clone pAV1123, harboring 1.2 kb antiviral compound producing (avcf01) locus. When a sub-clone pPH9, which carried 9.3 kb region of pAV1123, was introduced into antivirus deficient P. fluorescens wild type strain B16, it exhibited antiviral activity. Using Tn3-gus mutagenesis and complementation analysis, it was found that the genes related to antiviral activity production resided in a 9.3 kb HindIII-HindIII fragment of pAV1123, indicating that the plasmid carries an essential genes promoting antiviral activity.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.151-157
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• 1999

목적 : HL60 세포주에서 PMA(phorbol 12-myrisate 13-acetate) 및 DMSO(dlmethyisulfoxlde) 에 의해 분화가 유도될 때 감소되는 특성을 보이는 K872 클론에 대한 염기 서열, 조직 분포, 단백 분리 등을 시행하였다. 재료 및 방법 QIA plasmid extraction kit(Qiagen GmbH, Germany)를 이용하여 사람의 모유두 세포 pBluescript phagemid cDNA library로부터 K872 클론을 추출하였다. Sanger's dideoxy nucleotide chain-termination method을 이용하여, 추출한 K872 클론의 염기 서열을 분석하였다. BLAST(Basic Local Alignment Search Tools) 프로그램으로 유전자은행의 염기 서열과의 상동성을 검색하였다. K872 클론으로 만든 probe로 다양한 인간 조직 및 암세포주로부터 분리한 RNA에 대하여 nothern blot을 시행하였다. His-Patch Thifusion expression system을 이용하여 대장균 배지에 0.1mM IPTG(Isopropyl-$\beta$-thlogalactopyranoslde) 를 첨가해서 결합단백의 유전자 발현을 유도하였다. 결합단백이 함유된 용출액을 SDS-PAGE에 걸어서 발현된 단백을 확인하였다. 결과 : K872 클론은 675개의 코딩 영역과 280개의 코딩과 관련없는 영역으로 구성된 1006개의 염기로 구성됨을 관찰하였다. 해독틀로 추정되는 부분은 시작 코돈을 포함하여 길6개의 아미노산을 형성하고 단백 산물의 분자량은 25,560 Da으로 추정되었다. 추정 아미노산 배열은 쥐의 glutathlone S-transferase kappa 1(rGSTKl) 의 아미노산 배열과 70$\%$의 상동성을 보였다. nothern blot에 따른 발현 양상은 심장, 수의근, 말초혈액 백혈구 등의 조직에서 높은 발현을 보였으며 방사선 내성과 관련지어 볼 때 대장암 및 흑색종 세포주에서 발현이 높았던 점은 특기할 만하였다. 결론 : 상동성 검색 결과 K872 유전자는 항암제 및 방사선 내성과 관련이 있는 rGSTK1에 대한 사람의 상동유전자로 사료되며 향후 이와 관련한 기능 분석이 필요할 것으로 사료된다

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.22-30
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• 2015

CSF is a major concern for the swine industry, representing currently the most epizootically dangerous disease to the species. Numerous CSFV isolates with various degrees of virulence have already been isolated worldwide, ranging from low virulent strains that do not result in any apparent clinical signs to highly virulent strains that cause a severe per acute hemorrhagic fever with very high mortality. The molecular epidemiology of CSFVs has proven to be an essential tool for effective disease control and the development of safe and effective vaccines. Therefore, this study cloned and sequenced local CSFV isolates, and conducted a phylogenetic analysis based on the E2 glycoprotein encoding sequences.The RNA was extracted from PK15 cell culture passaged CSFV isolates, the cDNA prepared, and the complete E2 gene amplified with a product size of 1186 bp. The gelpurified PCR product was cloned into a pGEMT easy vector and the positive clone commercially sequenced. Aligning the nucleotide (1119 bp) and amino acid (373) sequences with 29 reference strains revealed nucleotide and amino acid sequence identities of 82.60-97.80% and 88.70-98.70%, respectively, indicating a higher mutation rate of the field CSFV strains. The phylogenetic analysis based on the complete E2 amino acid sequences also revealed a reliable differentiation of all the analyzed strains into specific genetic groups and subgroups, plus the local isolate (CSFV-E2) was found to cluster with the CSFV subgroup 2.2. Thus, the full-length E2 cds proved to be most suitable for a reliable and statistically significant phylogenetic analysis of CSFV isolates.