• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2006

Movement behavior, shrinkage and equilibrium moisture content (EMC), in this experiment reflected a change of hygroscopicity mainly affected by continuously compressive load during radio-frequency/vacuum (RF/V) drying and humidity changes during equilibrating. As a result of interaction of the compressive load and moisture content changing under the RF/V condition, the shrinkages in loading direction were significantly increased while those perpendicular to loading direction were decreased. The shrinkages were affected most in tangential, and least in longitudinal direction. The shrinkages showed higher values in continuous drying than in intermittent drying. In the direction of increased shrinkage, all the movements were also increased, for example, the tangential movement for the loaded-RS and the radial movement for loaded-TS; in the direction of decreased shrinkage, all the movements except the tangential movement for the loaded-TS were decreased such as the tangential and radial movements for the loaded-ES, and the radial movement for the loaded-RS, comparing with those of the load-free. EMCs of the loaded specimens were all higher than that of the load-free specimen, and the highest for the loaded-TS, the lowest for the loaded-ES. The transverse hygroscopicity of specimen was reduced for the loaded-ES, but increased for the loaded-TS.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.56-66
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• 2012

The inductive loaded patch antenna with suppressed radiation along the horizontal plane and enhanced broadside gain is investigated by adjusting the width and the via radius of a unit cell at a fixed length of a unit cell. The effects of the via radius and the width of the unit cell on the dispersion characteristics of the inductive loaded transmission line are investigated. The systematic study to determine the via radius and the width of the unit cell for the effective dielectric constant of the inductive loaded patch antenna close to 1 in order to suppress the radiation along the horizontal plane is presented. Inductive loaded patch antennas composed of five unit cells with resonant frequency of 5 GHz are designed and their radiation characteristics are presented. The horizontal radiation along the E-plane is greatly suppressed to less than -15 dBi when the effective dielectric constant of the inductive loaded patch antenna is slightly less than 1.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.92-99
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• 2011

Effect of a finite grounded substrate on mutual coupling characteristics of a 2-element array antenna using inductor loaded patch antennas is investigated. The mutual coupling characteristics of a 2-element array antenna using inductor loaded patch antennas positioned along the E-plane are compared with those positioned along the H-plane. The magnitude of mutual coupling is very small and the distance between the center of element and the substrate edge on the E-plane for the minimum mutual coupling is similar regardless of the direction at which antenna elements are positioned in the case of a 2-element array antenna using inductor loaded patch antennas.

• Proceedings of the Korea Electromagnetic Engineering Society Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.119-122
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• 2001

In this paper, an elliptic disk-loaded antenna having frequency shift characteristics with the same height of the simple monopole is studied. The proposed antenna is composed of an ellitptic disk with arbitrary ellipticity ratio. The eigenmode representations in each region of given structure are useful for the analysis of the canonical monopoly, circular disk-loaded monopole and circular dielectric-loaded top-hat monopole antennas using the artificical ground plane. The comparison between the elliptic and circular disk-leaded antenna is carried out. The effect of the shape of the loaded disk and the ellipticity ratio of the loaded disk on the input impedances, the return loss and frequency shift is also studied. We have computed the given structures using the CST MW Studio version 3.0. The typical blade antenna can be obtained by modifying and extending the proposed structure with the λ/4 balun removing the stray capacitances existing between the loaded disk and the ground plane.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 2005

Nitrate reduction with zero valent iron $(Fe^0)$ has been extensively studied, but the proper treatment for ammonium byproduct has not been reported yet. In groundwater, however, ammonium is regarded as contaminant species, and particularly, its acceptable level is regulated to 0.5 mg-N/L. for drinking water. This study is focused on developing new material to reduce nitrate and properly remove ammonium by-products. A new material, Fe-loaded zeolite, is derived from zeolite modified by Fe(II) chloride followed by reduction with sodium borohydride. Batch experiments were performed without buffer at two different pH to evaluate the removal efficiency of Fe-loaded zeolite. After 80 hr reaction time, Fe loaded zeolite showed about $60\%$ nitrate removal at initial pH of 3.3 and $40\%$ at pH of 6 with no ammonium release. Although iron filing showed higher removal efficiency than Fe-loaded zeolite at each pH, it released a considerable amount of ammonium stoichiometrically equivalent to that of reduced nitrate. In terms of nitrogen species including $NO_3-N$ and $NH_4^+-N$, Fe-loaded zeolite removed about $60\%\;and\;40\%$ of nitrogen in residual solution at initial pH of 3.3 and 6, respectively, while the removal efficiency of iron filing was negligible.

• International Journal of Fluid Machinery and Systems
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.94-104
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• 2013

This paper describes the design to increase the blade loading factor of a low speed axial flow fan from normal 0.42 to highly loaded 0.55. A three-dimensional viscous solver is used to model the flows in the highly-loaded and normal loaded stages over its operation range. At the design point operation the static pressure rise can be increased by 20 percent with a deficit of efficiency by 0.3 percent. In the highly loaded fan stage, the rotor hub flow stalls, and separation vortex extends over the rotor hub region. The backflow, which occurs along the stator hub-suction surface, changes the exit flow from the prescribed axial direction. Results in this paper confirm that the limitation of the two dimensional diffusion does not affect primarily on the fan's performance. Highly loaded fan may have actually better performance than its two dimensional design. Three dimensional designing approaches may lead to better highly loaded fan with controlled rotor hub stall.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.1725-1728
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• 2015

Objective: To explore effects of paclitaxel-loaded poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) particles on the viability of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) HepG2 cells. Materials and Methods: The viability of HepG2 cells was assessed using MTT under different concentrations of prepared paclitaxel-loaded particles and paclitaxel (6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, and 100 mg/L), and apoptosis was analyzed using Hochest33342/Annexin V-FITC/PI combined with an IN Cell Analyzer 2000. Results: Paxlitaxel-loaded nanoparticles were characterized by narrow particle size distribution (158.6 nm average particle size). The survival rate of HepG2 cells exposed to paclitaxel-loaded PLGA particles decreased with the increase of concentration and time period (P<0.01 or P<0.05), the dose- and time-dependence indicating sustained release (P<0.05). Moreover, apoptosis of HepG2 cells was induced, again with an obvious dose- and time-effect relationship (P<0.05). Conclusions: Paclitaxel-loaded PLGA particles can inhibit the proliferation and induce the apoptosis of HCC HepG2 cells. This new-type of paclitaxel carrier body is easily made and has low cost, good nanoparticle characterization and sustained release. Hence, paclitaxel-loaded PLGA particles deserve to be widely popularized in the clinic.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.50 no.7
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• pp.59-67
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• 2013

The radiation characteristics of an E-plane linear array antenna composed of inductive loaded patch antennas (ILPAs) are investigated. The radiation characteristics of an ILP array antenna are significantly improved compared to those of a conventional array antenna because the mutual coupling of an ILP array antenna is very small. The patch length of a $5{\times}2$ ILPA for the enhancement of the radiation characteristics of a 5-element E-plane linear array antenna composed of ILPAs is presented.

• Journal of Powder Materials
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.225-230
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• 2019

To develop Taraxacum platycarpum extract (TP)-loaded particles for tablet dosage form, various TP-loaded particles composed of TP, dextrin, microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), silicon dioxide, ethanol, and water are prepared using a spray-drying method and fluid-bed-drying method. Their physical properties are evaluated using angle of repose, Hausner ratio, Carr's index, hardness, disintegrant time, and scanning electron microscopy. Optimal TP-loaded particles improve flowability and compressibility. Furthermore, 2% silicon dioxide gives increased flowability and compressibility. The formula of TP-loaded fluid-bed-drying particles at a TP/MCC/silicon-dioxide amount of 5/5/0.2 improves the angle of repose, Hausner ratio, Carr's index, hardness, and disintegrant time as compared with the TP-loaded spray-drying particles. The TP-loaded fluid-bed-drying particles considerably improve flowability and compressibility ($35.10^{\circ}$ vs. $40.3^{\circ}$, 0.97 vs. 1.17, and 18.97% vs. 28.97% for the angle of repose, Hausner ratio, and Carr's index, respectively), hardness (11.34 vs. 4.7 KP), and disintegrant time (7.4 vs. 10.4 min) as compared with the TP-loaded spray-drying particles. Thus, the results suggest that these fluid-bed-drying particles with MCC and silicon dioxide can be used as powerful particles to improve the flowability and compressibility of the TP.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.48 no.7
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• pp.28-34
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• 2011

Radiation characteristics of a dual-mode inductor loaded patch antenna using zeroth order resonance and half wavelength resonance are investigated. The isolation between two radiation patterns from the two different modes is improved by increasing the forward radiation and decreasing the horizontal radiation of half wavelength resonance mode. The frequency difference between the two resonant frequencies increases as the dielectric constant of the antenna substrate decreases and the operating frequency increases.