• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.266-272
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• 2021

Mooring systems are among the most important elements employed to control the motion of floating offshore structures on the sea. Considering the use of polymer material, a new method is proposed to address the creep characteristics rather than the method of using a tension load cell for measuring the tension of the mooring line. This study uses a synthetic mooring rope made from a polymer material, which usually consists of three parts: center, eye, and splice, and which makes a joint for two successive ropes. We integrate the optical sensor into the synthetic mooring ropes to measure the rope tension. The different structure of the mooring line in the longitudinal direction can be used to measure the loads with the entire mooring configuration in series, which can be defined as SMART (Smart Mooring and Riser Truncation) mooring. To determine the characteristics of the basic SMART mooring, a SMART mooring with a diameter of 3 mm made of three different polymer materials is observed to change the wavelength that responds as the length changes. By performing the longitudinal tension experiment using three different SMART moorings, it was confirmed that there were linear wavelength changes in the response characteristics of the 3-mm-diameter SMART moorings. A 54-mm-diameter SMART mooring is produced to measure the response of longitudinal tension on the center, eye, and splice of the mooring, and a longitudinal tension of 100 t in step-by-step applied for the Maintained Test and Fatigue Cycle Test is conducted. By performing a longitudinal tension experiment, wavelength changes were detected in the center, eye, and splice position of the SMART moorings. The results obtained from each part of the installed sensors indicated a different strain measurement depending on the position of the SMART moorings. The variation of the strain measurement with the position was more than twice the result of the difference measurement, while the applied external load increased step-by-step. It appears that there is a correlation with an externally generated longitudinal tensional force depending on the cross-sectional area of each part of the SMART mooring.

• 정보처리학회논문지:컴퓨터 및 통신 시스템
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• 제11권12호
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• pp.437-444
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• 2022

최근 무선 네트워크에서 발생하는 계산 집약적이고 지연시간에 민감한 태스크를 처리하기 위해 모바일 엣지 서비스에 대한 연구가 진행되고 있다. 하지만 지상에 고정되어 있는 MEC는 출퇴근 시간과 같이 태스크 처리 요청이 일시적으로 급증하는 상황에 대해 유연하게 대처할 수 없다. 이를 해결하기 위해 UAV(Unmanned Aerial Vehicle)를 추가로 이용해 모바일 엣지 서비스를 제공하는 기술이 등장하였다. UAV는 지상 MEC 서버와 달리 배터리 용량이 제한되어 있어 UAV MEC 서버 간 로드 밸런싱을 통해 에너지 효율성을 최적화 하는 것이 필요하다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 UAV의 에너지 상태와 차량의 이동성을 고려하며 유전 알고리즘 기반의 태스크 오프로딩과 Q-learning 기반의 태스크 마이그레이션을 통한 로드 밸런싱 기법을 제안한다. 제안 시스템의 성능을 평가하기 위해 차량 속도와 수에 따른 실험을 진행하고, 로드 분산, 에너지 사용량, 통신 오버헤드, 지연 시간 만족도 측면에서 성능을 분석하였다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1999년도 하계학술대회 논문집 C
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• pp.1478-1480
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• 1999

The accurate analysis of power system requires detailed load model. There are two basic approaches in modeling the load characteristics. One is to directly measure the voltage and frequency sensitivity of the load P and Q at substations and feeders. The other is to build up a composite load model from each load component. Each of these methods has advantages and disadvantages. This paper presents load composition for KEPCO's power system to develop load models by the component-based load modeling.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2001년도 ICCAS
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• pp.104.1-104
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• 2001

This paper presents a technique to development load control and management system in order to limits a maximum load demand and saves electric energy consumption. The computer programming proper load forecasting algorithm associated with programmable logic control and digital power meter through inform of multidrop network RS 485 over the twisted pair, over all are contained in this system. The digital power meter can measure a load data such as V, I, pf, P, Q, kWh, kVarh, etc., to be collected in statistics data convey to data base system on microcomputer and then analyzed a moving linear regression of load to forecast load demand Eventually, the result by forecasting are used for compost of load management and shedding for demand monitoring, Cycling on/off load control, Timer control, and Direct control. In this case can effectively reduce the electric energy consumption cost for 10% ...

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.403-408
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• 2012

In this paper, we propose useful load flow algorithms called FEDL (fast enhanced decoupled load flow). The proposed load flow method can improve the convergence characteristics particularly when the P-Q coupling becomes significant and the power system operating states deviate from the conditions required for stable convergence of the FDL by reflecting in part the effects of the off-diagonal terms in the Jacobian. In our test with IEEE AEP-30 bus system and RTS-96 73-bus system, it converge even when the fast decoupled load flow (FDL) and its variations keeping load flow matrices constant experience convergence problems. Test results show promising performances of the proposed algorithms in their convergence characteristics both in number of iterations and overall convergence speeds.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.653-664
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• 2015

TPLMS (Total water pollutant load management system) that is the most powerful water-quality protection program have been implemented since 2004. In the implementation of TPLMS, target water-quality and permissible discharged load from each unit watershed can be decided by water-quality modeling. And NPS (Non-point sources) discharge coefficients associated with certain (standard) flow are used on estimation of input data for model. National Institute of Environmental Research (NIER) recommend NPS discharge coefficients as 0.15 (Q₂₇₅) and 0.50 (Q₁₈₅) in common for whole watershed in Korea. But, uniform coefficient is difficult to reflect various NPS characteristics of individual watershed. Monthly NPS discharge coefficients were predicted and estimated using surface flow and water-quality from HSPF watershed model in this study. Those coefficients were plotted in flow duration curve of study area (Palger stream and Geumho C watershed) with monthly average flow. Linear regression analysis was performed about NPS discharge coefficients of BOD, T-N and T-P associated with flow, and R² of regression were distributed in 0.893~0.930 (Palger stream) and 0.939~0.959 (Geumho C). NPS Discharge coefficient through regression can be estimated flexibly according to flow, and be considered characteristics of watershed with watershed model.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.19-25
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• 2005

숏크리트와 록볼트를 지보재로 사용한다고 해서 NATM을 채택한 것은 아니므로 RMR과 Q-system에 의해 설계된 터널은 현대식 터널로 명명하였다. 강지보재로 지보되는 재래식 터널과 숏크리트와 록볼트로 지보되는 현대식 터널은 근본적으로 차이가 있는 것으로 알려져 있다. 현대식 터널은 암반의 하중지지력을 유지하기 위하여 숏크리트 지보를 사용하여 암반의 이완과 과도한 변형을 최소화시킨다고 하나 이에 대한 증명은 명확히 이루어지지 못하고 있다. 재래식 터널과 현대식 터널의 차이점을 살펴보기 위하여 사용되는 암반분류의 지보계 특성과 암반하중을 상호비교 하였다. 재래식 터널은 Terzaghi의 암반하중분류를 대표 암반분류로 채택하고, 현대식 터널은 RMR과 Q-system을 대표 암반분류로 채택하였다. 연구결과 현대식 터널의 주지보재인 숏크리트는 재래식 터널의 주지보재인 강지보 보다 지지력이 우수하였으며 암반분류에서 제시하는 암반하중은 재래식 터널과 현대식 터널의 차이는 없는 것으로 확인되었다. 따라서, 암반분류법에 의하면 숏크리트를 사용하는 현대식 터널의 암반의 하중지지력이 재래식 터널 암반의 하중지지력 보다 크다고 볼 수는 없다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제42권7호
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• pp.622-630
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to establish an association between glycemic index (GI), glycemic load (GL), dietary carbohydrates and diabetes with the context of the current population dietary practice in Korea. The subjects of 3,389 adults (male 1,430, female 1,959) were divided into normal (serum fasting glucose < 100 mg/dL), impaired glucose tolerance (100 ${\leq}$ serum fasting glucose < 126 mg/dL), diabetes (serum fasting glucose > 126 mg/dL) by serum fasting glucose. Anthropometric and hematologic factors, and nutrient intakes, dietary glycemic index (DGI), dietary glycemic load (DGL) were assessed. Multiple logistic regression model was used to determine the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals for relationship of DGI, DGL, carbohydrates intakes, and diabetes. DGI and DGL were not significantly correlated with impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes. However, the risk of impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes showed a tendency to increase as increase of DGI after multivariate adjustment (age, education, income, region area, diabetes family history, smoking, drinking, exercise, energy intake) in male. The risk of impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes showed a tendency to increase in the DGI 71.1-74.8 after multivariate adjustment in female. DGL was inversely related to impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes in male. In female, however, DGL was positively related to impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes. In particular, the risk of diabetes increased positively in level of DGL 260.5, and remained after multivariate adjustment (Q5 vs Q1：2.38, 0.87-6.48). When percent energy intakes from carbohydrates were more than 70%, the risk of impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes increased in both male and female. In particular, when percent energy intakes from carbohydrates were more than 69.9%, the risk of diabetes increased positively in male (Q4 vs Q1：2.34, 1.16-4.17). In conclusion, above 70% energy intakes from carbohydrates appeared to be a risk factor of diabetes. It seemed that the meal with high GI and GL value must be avoided it. And also, the macronutrients of the meal must be properly balanced. In particular, it may be said that it is a preventive way for treatment of the diabetes to avoid eating carbohydrates of much quantity.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제18권10호
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• pp.61-68
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• 2001

Turbine blade in nuclear plant is subject to cyclic bending fatigue by high steam pressure. Especially, fatigue fracture is caused by low stress below yielding stress. Photograph by SEM doesn't have striation but photograph by AFM has striation on the fatigue fractured surface of 12% Cr steel used in turbine blade. Surface roughness $R_q$ has the linear relation with respect to stress intensity factor range ΔK and is increased linearly according to load amplitude $\textit{\Delta}P$. In this study loading condition applied to turbine blade is predicted by the relation between the gradient of $R_q$ to $\textit{\Delta}K$ and load amplitude $\textit{\Delta}P$.

• 물과 미래
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.86-100
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• 1976

To study influences on the downstream, and the Gunsan harbor by setting up estuary of the Gumgang, available data which were collected from the measuring stations which were established within the river basin of which results attained are as follows: 1. The discharge can be calculated as the relationship between the discharge and precipitation in the basin is $R=4{\times}10^{-4}p^2$ or R=P-600 2. The discharge flow in to small resevoirs in the basin can be estimated as $QR=QS\frac{PR-600}{PS-600}(\frac{AR}{AS})$ 3. This daily average discharge at Kongju is 31% less than the during maximum probable discharge and that in Okcheon is 48% less than the daily maximum probable flood. 4. The maximum probable flood from the small stream in the basin can be estimated by a $Q=82.45A^{0{\cdot}464}$ 5. Sediments can be computed with Qs (suspended load)=1.41 $Q^{1{\cdot}42}$ and Qb (bed load)=165.2 $Q^{0{\cdot}705}$. 6. By setting up the specific estuary the tidal movement will be reduced to 93.6% on the average and the sedimentation is reduced to 96.0%. Upon review of overall analysis, the dead wate level of estuary of Gumgang will completely sedimented in next 30 years, therefore, the dredging work at Gunsan harbor is reduced to 73.6%, it is considered that life length will be extended about 52years taking account the existing condition.