• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.576-582
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• 2015

In recently, the Korea government is concerning on non-point source pollution management to improve water quality. The objective of this paper is to investigate the improvement measurement for management of livestock wastes. As a result, we find that the National Pollution Source Survey is necessary to establish the unified database system with the Korea Statistics(KOSAT) in order to minimize the difference between relevant data. The investigation for environmental impact of livestock manure should be supported the designation of control areas and establishment of the technical guidelines including target material, monitoring site, standard method, etc. In addition, it should be followed by appropriate nutrient recycling and proper fertilizer usage based on social consultation and cost-benefit analysis.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제11권12호
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• pp.1291-1298
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• 2002

To utilize coastal aquaculture ground bottom sediment in which concentrations of harmful pollutants are low and organic content is high as an organic fertilizer alkaline stabilizers such as CaO, Oyster shell, Mg(OH)$_2$ were added to the bottom sediment organic additives of livestock or food wastes. Nutritive qualities of crude fertilizers were measured to examine effects of alkaline stabilizers and organic waste additions. The Mg(OH)$_2$-added crude fertilizer had significantly lower total carbon(T-C) and nitrogen(T-N) content, reflecting the dilution effect due to great amount of Mg(OH)$_2$ addition. However, the addition of oyster shell had no significant effect on the T-C and T-N content of the fertilizer. $P_2O_5$ and $K_2$O content was considerably higher in the mixed sample of aquaculture ground bottom sediments and livestock wastes than in the mixture of the sediments and food wastes, resulting from higher $P_2O_5$ and $K_2$O content in livestock wastes. Addition of Mg(OH)$_2$ increased the content of MgO In the crude fertilizer but significantly reduced the content of other nutritive elements such as $P_2O_5$, $K_2$O and CaO. Addition of oyster shell as an alkaline stabilizer seemed to have the advantage of saving time and expenses far dryness due to its role as a modulator of water content. Moreover, additions of effect Mg(OH)$_2$ decreased the concentrations of heavy metals in the fertilizer by the dilution while additions of oyster shell had no influence on heavy metal concentrations in the fertilizer.

• 기술사
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.37-40
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• 1982

I investigated the processing-treatment of livestocks feces and body wastes in Tok- ushima prefecture, and made clear the problems relative to its influence to environments. Nowadays the load of pollution of the m is as following. COD P livestock 8.8% 38.5% body wastes 1,2 4.5 As for the livestock feces, the method of evaporation-permeation is more general than that of oxidation process because of costs. Another way is that the dung will be changed into the compost. However as these methods pollute environments remarkably, a large-scale digesting process is being planned. In case of the processing of body wastes, costs for the processing plant tend to increase to the highest level in accordance with the strong power inhabitants. In all processing, we suffer from a large amount of economical loads.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.31-40
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• 1994

축산물소비량(畜産物消費量)이 지속적(持續的)으로 증가(增加)하면서 1980년대 후반(後半)에 와서 가축분뇨(家畜糞尿)의 관리문제(管理問題)가 주요과제(主要課題)로 등장(登場)하였다. 이는 그동안 지속적(持續的)으로 추진된 경제발전(經濟發展)의 결과 국민의 전반적(全般的)인 생활수준(生活水準)이 향상(向上)되면서 경제요인(經濟要因) 이외(以外)에 환경(環境)의 질(質)에 대한 국민적 요청(要請)이 증대(增大)된 까닭으로 초기에는 농촌환경문제(農村環境問題)로만 논의(論議)되던 것이 도시지역(都市地域)의 상수원오양문제(上水原汚梁問題)와 연결(連結)되면서 가축분뇨관리(家畜糞尿管理)의 필요성이 더욱 중요(重要)해지고 있다. 가축분뇨(家畜糞尿)는 고농도(高農度)의 유기물(有機物)로 구성(構成)되어 있어 적절히 관리(管理)되지 않을 경우 지표수(地表水) 오염(汚染), 지하수(地下水) 오염(汚染), 악취(惡臭) 문제(問題) 등을 일으켜 민원(民願)의 대상이 되고 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 축산분뇨(畜産糞尿)의 발생(發生) 및 처리현황(處理現況)을 살펴보고 분뇨처리(糞尿處理)에 대한 정부(政府)의 규제와 지원상황(支援狀況)을 검토하여 합리적인 축산분뇨(畜産糞尿)의 자원화방안(字源化方案)을 모색하고자 하였다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제50권6호
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• pp.547-553
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• 2017

Treatment of food waste is becoming a big issue due to their significant quantities. Composting could be an effective alternative for food waste management which could be used as soil conditioner or fertilizer with little concerns about heavy metals and pathogens. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the effect of food waste on Chinese cabbage growth and soil properties. 9 different treatments (two livestock manures, two food wastes, two livestock manures + chemical fertilizer, two food wastes + chemical fertilizer, and control) were applied to Chinese cabbage. All treatments were carried out in 3 replicates. We measured leaf length, leaf width, fresh weight, dry weight, and leaf greenness of Chinese cabbage. Treatment of one of food waste composts significantly increased leaf length and leaf width of Chinese cabbage by 28.6, 26.6, 67.7, and 59.9%, respectively, in comparison to those of control, while no significant differences for leaf greenness were shown. Application of food waste compost resulted in significant increase of EC, available $P_2O_5$, CEC, organic matter, and exchangeable cations. However, further researches are needed to reduce NaCl content of food waste.

• 분석과학
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.91-99
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• 1995

축산폐기물의 처리에 이용되는 혐기성 및 호기성 소화법은 복잡한 처리기술과 유지관리 및 과다한 처리비용 등의 문제점이 있으며, 재활용법인 퇴비화는 긴 부숙기간, 수분조절제 사용 및 완숙도 판정의 어려움 등의 문제점이 있다. 이와 같은 축산폐기물의 기존 처리법의 문제점을 탈피하고 축산폐기물을 이화학적 및 위생학적으로 안정화시켜 축산폐기물 자체의 환경 부적인 측면인 악취, 기생충 및 병원균, 혐오감 등을 해소하며 처리물을 토양개량제 또는 유기질비료로 이용할 수 있는 축산폐기물의 안정화 처리 및 자원 재활용공정을 연구하였다. 본 논문은 대표적 축산폐기물의 하나인 돈분을 대상으로 안정화 반응조건을 확립하고 처리물의 안정성, 안전성, 위생성 및 비효성 등을 평가하는 목적으로 수행하였다. 연구결과 최적 안정화를 위한 첨가제의 투여량은 고형분 대비 약 30%, 반응시간은 약 5분이며, 건조는 자연건조 후 강제건조가 적합한 것으로 나타났다. 최종 안정화 처리물은 약알칼리성으로서 유기물 함량은 약 50% 내외, 비료성분인 총 질소, 인산 및 칼리의 합은 약 5.3%였다. 또한 안정화 처리시 암모니아, 황화수소 등의 악취물질이 거의 제거되었고, 일반세균과 대장균은 98% 이상, 기생충은 완전 사멸되었다. 따라서 돈분의 안정화 처리물은 토양개량제 또는 유기질비료로 사용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.81-90
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• 1988

Agricultural and municipal wastes arc serious nuisance. in Korea. Disposal of these wastes by land application, incineration or burial have created serious environmental problems such as air pollution and ground water contamination. Uncomposted waste materials are also potential sources of plant and soil pathogens. As available sites for waste burial become more difficult to find and air quality standards for incineration become stricter, composting as a method for treating solid wastes will become more attractive. This article discussed the recent topics on composting to further develop a rational strategy. The future of composting is developed based on the interacting factors of the price of energy and fertilizer, public policy, economic considerations, and biotechnology.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.439-446
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• 2009

This paper investigates the dehydration and RDF (Refuse Derived Fuel) production of organic wastes, livestock manure and sewerage sludge with pressurized hydrothermal treatment process. The renewable technology for the organic wastes must involve short treatment time required, reusable energy source, anti-odor and viruses, low cost for the treatment, and well-fertilization. The pressurized hydrothermal treatment process promotes to evaporate moisture in the waste after being shortly treated in a reactor, which uses steam and heat supplied by an external boiler. By the pressurized steam, the cell walls of the waste break and effectively release the internal moisture. Then, the dried waste can be mixed with waste vinyls to produce RDF with a higher heating value as high as 6,700 kcal/kg.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제52권2호
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• pp.175-181
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• 2014

고분자전해질 연료전지용 MEA(Membrane and Electrode Assembly)와 가축분뇨를 이용해 미생물연료전지(MFC)를 구동하였다. 여러 균을 혼합해 MFC를 구동했을 때 개별적으로 구동했을 때보다 높은 개회로전위(OCV)를 나타냈다. 돼지분뇨, 소분뇨, 닭분뇨, 오리 분뇨 중 돼지 분뇨를 이용했을 때 제일 높은 OCV 540mV를 보였다. 그리고 돼지분뇨에서 최고 $963mW/m^2$의 전력이 발생하였다. MFC 구동과정에서 MEA의 $Na^{2+}$, $Ca^{2+}$, $K^+$ 이온 및 불순물들에 의한 오염이 MFC의 낮은 성능의 한 원인임을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.253-260
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• 2005

This study was conducted to utilize the wastes produced from thinning the forest as a roughage source for ruminants. Four ruminally cannulated Korean steers were used to investigate the ruminal fermentation characteristics and blood concentrations of stress-related hormones. Treatments were composed of the rice straw only (Control) and the 30% pine silage plus 70% rice straw(Pine silage) as roughages. The experiment was conducted with four replicates by a double tum over design. For sampling of blood under high temperature steers were accommodated in respiratory chamber. Concentrations of ruminal pH, volatile fatty acids and ammonia were not affected by substitution of pine silage. Mean concentration of blood thyroxine was significantly(P < 0.01) lower in the pine silage than the control. However, blood cortisol concentration was not affected by substitution of pine silage, even though it was significantly(P < 0.05) decreased after exposure for 6 hrs in high temperature. It was concluded that the pine silage using the wastes produced from thinning the forest could be use as a substitute roughage for reduction of heat stress in ruminant.