• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.64 no.6
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• pp.1215-1225
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• 2022

The epidemiology of parasite infection in local and imported breeds is quite an essential topic in the meat industry and human health. This study aims to determine the prevalence of Dicrocoelium dendriticum in local sheep breeds (Naemi, Najdi, and Harri) and imported breeds from Romania (Romani breed) and the epidemiology of the infection in Saudi Arabia. Morphological description, the relationship between dicrocoeliasis and sex, age, and histological changes were also presented. A total of 6845 slaughtered sheep at Riyadh Automated slaughterhouse were investigated and followed up for 4 months between 2020-2021. It included 4,680 local breeds and 2,165 imported Romanian breeds. Fecal samples and livers and gallbladders from slaughtered animals were examined for apparent pathological lesions. The results indicated that the infection rate in slaughtered animals was 10.6% in imported Romani sheep and 0.9% in the local Naeimi breed. After identifying the parasite morphologically, negative results were obtained from examining feces, gallbladders, and livers of Najdi and Harry sheep breeds. The mean number of eggs per 20 µL/gallbladder was low (72.78 ± 17.8: 76.11 ± 5.07), medium (334.59 ± 90.6: 292.91 ± 26.63), and high (1113.2 ± 22.3: 1004 ± 143.4) in imported and Naeime sheep, respectively. Significant differences were found between gender and age (males and females were 3.67% and 6.31%; > 2 years 4.39%, 1-2 years 4.22%, and 1 year 3.53%) respectively. Histopathological lesions in the liver were more pronounced. Our survey confirmed the presence of D. dendriticum in imported Romani and local Naeimi sheep, and the potential role of imported sheep in the epidemiology of dicrocoeliasis in Saudi Arabia.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.1-8
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• 2018

Objectives : The aim of this study is to investigate the preventive effect of Puerariae Flos ethanol extract (PE) on methionin and choline deficient (MCD)-diet-induced Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in C57BL/6J mice. Methods : In the in vivo experiments, C57BL/6J mice were divided into 4 groups; Normal group, Control group, MCD+PE 100 group, and MCD+PE 300 group. After 4 weeks, body weight, liver weight, biochemical parameters for liver function test, histological changes, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and Western blot were assessed. Results : Mice lost body weight with the MCD-diet and the MCD+PE 100 group and MCD+PE 300 groups lost less than the control group, though showed no statistical significance. Liver weights were decreased by the MCD diet, but MCD+PE 300 groups were increased significantly. In the liver function test, all the values were decreased with the MCD-diet, MCD+PE 100 group and MCD+PE 300 groups were increased significance. In histological findings of the livers, MCD-diet induced severe fatty accumulation in the livers, but this fatty change was reduced in the MCD+PE 100 group and MCD+PE 300 groups was inhibited respectively. In lipid accumulation factors (such as SREBP-1c, $C/EBP{\alpha}$, PPAR-${\gamma}$), MCD+PE 100 group and MCD+PE 300 groups showed inhibitory effect on liver lipogenesis by reducing associated gene expressions caused by MCD diet. Conclusions : We were able to know that Puerariae Flos ethanol extract (PE) shown hepatoprotective effects via a decrease on the hepatic lipogenesis factors in the experimental NAFLD Models.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.106-115
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• 2022

Background: Current research suggests that humans are exposed to microplastics through consumption of foods and beverages, the airway route, and a variety of other means. Objectives: We evaluated oxidative stress and inflammation from polyethylene microplastics (PE-MPs) in the neonatal liver through intragastric administration or intratracheal instillation in pregnant mice. Methods: PE-MPs were administered from gestational day 9 to postnatal day 7. The intragastric administration group (0.01 mg/mouse/day or 0.1 mg/mouse/day) and intratracheal instillation group (6 ㎍/mouse/day or 60 ㎍/mouse/day) of PE-MPs were administered. After sacrifice, the oxidative stress and inflammation of the neonatal livers were measured. Results: As a result of the oxidative stress caused by PE-MPs in the neonatal livers, glutathione peroxidase decreased in a concentration-dependent manner in the intragastric administration group compared to the control group and intratracheal instillation decreased in high concentration PE-MPs. The catalase level increased at high concentrations of intragastric administration and intratracheal instillation. To confirm the level of inflammation caused by PE-MPs, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and tumor necrosis factoralpha were increased compared to the control group except for intratracheal intilation-high concentration PEMPs. The C-reactive protein level was decreased by intragastric administration compared to the control group and intratracheal instillation was increased compared to the control group. Conclusions: Despite the difficulty in comparing the toxic intensity between intragastric administration and intratracheal instillation of PE-MPs, our study revealed that oxidative stress and inflammation were induced in the neonatal liver. However, it is necessary to evaluate the toxic effects of microplastics on various organs as well. Overall, the present study indicates that the evaluation of toxic effects of long-term microplastic exposure, potential of microplastic toxicity on next-generation offspring and toxicity mechanism in human should be considered for further investigations.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.558-568
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• 2019

Objective: To evaluate whether computed tomography (CT) reconstruction algorithms affect the CT texture features of the liver parenchyma. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study comprised 58 patients (normal liver, n = 34; chronic liver disease [CLD], n = 24) who underwent liver CT scans using a single CT scanner. All CT images were reconstructed using filtered back projection (FBP), hybrid iterative reconstruction (IR) (iDOSE⁴), and model-based IR (IMR). On arterial phase (AP) and portal venous phase (PVP) CT imaging, quantitative texture analysis of the liver parenchyma using a single-slice region of interest was performed at the level of the hepatic hilum using a filtration-histogram statistic-based method with different filter values. Texture features were compared among the three reconstruction methods and between normal livers and those from CLD patients. Additionally, we evaluated the inter- and intra-observer reliability of the CT texture analysis by calculating intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). Results: IR techniques affect various CT texture features of the liver parenchyma. In particular, model-based IR frequently showed significant differences compared to FBP or hybrid IR on both AP and PVP CT imaging. Significant variation in entropy was observed between the three reconstruction algorithms on PVP imaging (p < 0.05). Comparison between normal livers and those from CLD patients revealed that AP images depend more strongly on the reconstruction method used than PVP images. For both inter- and intra-observer reliability, ICCs were acceptable (> 0.75) for CT imaging without filtration. Conclusion: CT texture features of the liver parenchyma evaluated using the filtration-histogram method were significantly affected by the CT reconstruction algorithm used.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.133-145
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• 1975

한국산 aflatoxin의 독성을 비교 규명하기 위하여 결정 aflatoxin, 사료배합 aflatoxin 및 표준 aflatoxin을 오리병아리에 각 1회씩 경구투며 또는 급식시켜 얻은 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 각종 aflatoxin의 독성으로 인하여 유발된 공통된 주요 병리조직학적 병변은 출혈(出血), 간세포(肝細胞)의 괴사(壞死), 지방변성(脂肪變性) 및 담관세포(膽管細胞)의 증식(增殖) 등이였다. 2. 병변(病變)의 정도(程度)는 독소의 투여량과 경과시간에 따라 다양(多樣)하게 나타났다. 3. 한국산 aflatoxin의 독성은 표준 aflatoxin에 비해 약간 더 심한 병변(病變)을 나타냈으며, 한국산 aflatoxin에서도 결정 aflatoxin을 투여한 경우보다 사료에 배합하여 급식시킨 경우가 약간 더 심한 병변(病變)을 나타냈다. 4. 닭병아리의 간장에서 aflatoxin이 유발시킨 병리조직학적 소견보다 오리병아리의 간장에서의 경우가 그 정도에 있어 더욱 심하고 뚜렷하였다.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.9
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• pp.1-23
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• 2002

The Information System is now becoming a very important part of our livers. It encompasses technical and spactial characteristics that are much more different from the order information systems used up until now. Therefore, as various fields within the Information Center are researched, the proper usage of those fields must be well thought-out. This study presents the application of quality management systems in Library, Korea. The purpose of this study is to build a framework of improving the management system and planning and performing the service of high quality in Library. To achieve this goal, a theoretical approach was tried through the previous study and the performed with the subject of the 4 steps by Damming' quality management theory. This study may enable domestic organizations to draw up a concrete and practical plan in Library.

• Proceedings of the KSAR Conference
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• 2004.06a
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• pp.186-186
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• 2004

In this study, we generated 40 somatic cell cloned (scNT) piglets. Of these, three displayed congestion in both liver and lung, and died within the first week of life. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis experiments revealed changes in the responses of several detoxification-related proteins to stress and inflammation. As a result, congestive livers and lungs displayed extensive hepatopneumonic apoptosis.(omitted)

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.493-501
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• 2005

Circadian rhythms, time on a scale of about 24 hours, are present in a number of organisms including animals, plants, and bacteria. The control of the biochemical, physiological and behavioral processes is regulated by endogenous clocks in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). At the core of this timing mechanism is molecular machinery that are present both in the brain and in the peripheral tissues throughout the body, and even in a single cultured cell. In this study, we performed two-dimensional gel electrophoresis to figure out any correlation between protein expression patterns and the requirement of two canonical clock proteins, either mPER1 or mPER2, by comparing global protein expression profiles in livers from wildtype or mPer1/mPer2 double mutant mice. We could identify several differentially expressed protein candidates with respect to time and genotypes. Further analysis of these candidate proteins in detail in vivo will lead us to the better understanding of how circadian clock functions in mammals.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.12-20
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• 1995

Clofibrate, a peroxisome proliferator, is hepatocarcinogenic in rats in a dose-dependent manner. A total of 70 male and female F344 rats, 5-week-old, were divided into three groups. Rats were fed clofibrate at 0, 0.25, or 0.5% in diet for 30 days. All rats were anesthetized with $CO_2$, blood samples were taken by cardiac puncture for hematology and clinical chemistry, and the rats were killed by exsanguination. Livers, kidenys, pancreas, adrenal glands, spleen, heart, lungs, thyroid gland, reproductive organs, and digestive organs were removed, weighed, later processed, and embedded with paraplast for histological examination. The relative liver and kidney weights with respect to final body weight in the clofibrate-treated group were significantly increased compared with those of control group at all dose levels (p<0.01). It has been suggested that clofibrate may influence on hepatotoxicity by increases in peroxisomal proliferation.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 1997

This study was done to investigate the effect of vitamin C on hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced hepatic injury ul isolated perfused rat liver. Isolated livers from rats fasted 18 hours were subjected to 45 min of hypoxia followed by reoxygenation for 45 min. The perfusion medium used was Krebs-Henseleit bicarbonate buffer (pH 7.4) and 0.5 mmol/L of vitamin C was added to the perfusate. Alanine aminotransferase (ALI) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels were significantly increased by hypoxia/reoxygenation. These increases were augmented by vitamin C. Glucose output and bile flow were markedly decreased by hypoxia/reoxygenation. Vitamin C aggavated the decrease of glucose output but had little effect on bile flow. Our findings suggest that hypoxia/reoxygenation diminishes hepatic metabolic and secretory functions, and vitamin C significantly aggravates these changes.