• 대한한의학회지
• /
• 제24권4호
• /
• pp.11-18
• /
• 2003

Purpose : This study examined the effect of Tongbiyeum (TBY) on rats with fatty livers. Methods : After administration of TBY extracts to rats with fatty livers, body weight, liver weight, serum, cholesterol, TG, HDL-cholesterol were measured, and histopathological changes were observed. Results : In proportion to density, TBY decreased liver weight and serum TG levels and suppressed fat accumulation and liver cell death, but increased serum HDL levels in comparison with those of controls. Conclusion : TBY might be considered to be used to control fatty liver by inhibiting absorption and storage of TG.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제35권1호
• /
• pp.12-23
• /
• 2002

Gender differences in the effects of gonadectomy and high cholesterol diet on body weight and body cholesterol were investigated by using Sprague Dawley rats. Body weight, plasma and liver levels of cholesterol and triglyceride and platelet aggregation were examined in ovariectomized(OVX) or orchidectomized(ODX) rats with their intacts after feeding diet with or without 0.5% cholesterol. Body weight was significantly increased(p < 0.01) in OVX rats and significantly decreased(p < 0.01) in ODX rats compared to their respective intact rats, and cholesterol diet significantly(p < 0.05) decreased body weight in gonadectomized rats. Liver lobes from rats fed cholesterol diet were opaque and larger than those from rats find control dict, resulting in a significant increase(p < 0.01) in LW/BW ratio. Plasma and liver levels of total cholesterol were significantly increased (p < 0.01) in female rats regardless ovariectomy when find 0.5% cholesterol diet, but those levels in male rats were increased only when they were orchidectomized(p < 0.0l). Plasma HDL-cholesterol was significantly decreased(p < 0.05) in both sexes when find cholesterol diet. HDL-cholesterol were higher in female than male rats regardless treatments(p < 0.05). Liver triglyceride was significantly increased(p < 0.05) in both sexes when find cholesterol dict. Plasma level of triglyceride was not different among groups except significant decrease(p < 0.05) in cholesterol find ODX rats. Maximum platelet aggregation in female rats was significantly lower(p < 0.05) than male, but ovariectomy and cholesterol diet caused an increase te the level of male rats. Microscopic examination showed cholesterol diet caused a lipid accumulation in liver. Results indicate that intact female rats have higher response to hypercholestcrolemic diet than intact male rats and orchidectomy causes male rats more responsive to hypercholesterolemic diet. However, ovariectomy causes an increase female food efficiency ratio to the level of male rats, significantly increasing body weight.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
• /
• 제19권4호
• /
• pp.383-388
• /
• 2004

In order to elucidate the relationships between cadmium, copper, mercury, zinc levels and metallothionein in the liver and kidney cortex of Korean, the levels of Cd, Zn, Hg, Cu and metallothionein (MT) were determined in the kidney cortex and liver of 50 subjects deceased in the period of January-November, 2001 in the area of Seoul and Gyeonggi Province of Korea. The mean age of the population studied was 36.3+/-12.3 years. The tissues were digested with microwave digestion system and the elements were determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. MT was determined by the Cd-hemoglobin affinity assay. The determined levels (mean+/-SD) were: 33.9+/-18.9 micrograms Cd/g wet weight; 47.5+/-12.6 micrograms Zn/g wet weight; 2.5+/-0.57 microgram Cu/g wet weight; 0.26+/-0.31 micrograms Hg/g wet weight, 4.0+/-3.1 mg MT/g wet weight in renal cortex and 2.5+/-1.9 micrograms Cd/g wet weight; 46.9+/-15.0 micrograms Zn/g wet weight; 6.2+/-2.5 micrograms Cu/g wet weight; 0.10+/-0.15 micrograms Hg/g wet weight, 0.92+/-0.57 mg MT/g wet weight in the liver. Positive relationships between Cd and MT, sum of four divalent metal and MT in the kidney cortex were observed. No other correlation was found between Cu and MT, Hg and MT, Zn and MT in either organs.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제23권6호
• /
• pp.894-898
• /
• 1994

To evaluate an effect of dietary protein on the liver damage, the bromobenzene was intraperitoneally injected to the rats fed a low or high protein diet and then the liver weight per body weight and serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities were determined to demonstrate the differences in liver damage between the groups fed low or high protein diet. Hepatic aniline hydroxylase (AH), glutthione (GSH) content and glutathione s-transferase(GST) activity were also determined to clarify causes of liver damage between the two groups. Increases of liver weight per body weight and serum ALT activities were higher in brombenzene treated rats fed low protein diet than those fed high protein diet. The increasing rate of hepatic AH activity was higher in bromobenzne-treated rats fed low protein diet than that in those fed high protein diet. Furthermore , hepatic glutathione contents and GST activities in bromobenzene-treated rats were higher in rats fed high protein diet than those fed low protein diet. In case of control group, the heaptic glutathione content and GST activity were also higher in rats fed high protein diet than those fed low protein diet.

• 대한의생명과학회지
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.47-52
• /
• 2002

To investigate an effect of cyclohexanone (CHO) treatment on the serum levels of xanthine oxidase (XO) in liver damaged animals, the rats were intraperitoneally pretreated with 50% carbon tetrachloride ($CCl_4$) in olive oil (0.1 mL/ 100 g body weight) 14 times every other day. To the $CCl_4$-pretreated rats, CHO (1.56 g/kg body weight) was injected once and then the animals were sacrificed at 4 hours after CHO treatment. The increasing rate of serum and liver XO activities to the control was higher in CHO-treated animals pretreated with $CCl_4$ than the $CCl_4$-pretreated those. Concomitantly CHO injection to the $CCl_4$-pretreated animals showed somewhat higher Vmax and lower Km value in the kinetics of liver XO enzyme. Furthermore, increasing rate of hepatic malonedialdehyde content to the control was also higher in CHO-treated animals pretreated with $CCl_4$ than $CCl_4$-pretreated those. On the other hand, the injection of CHO to the $CCl_4$-pretreated animals showed the more enhanced liver damage on the basis of liver function finding; liver weight per body weight (%), serum levels of alanine aminotransferase activity and hepatic glucose-6-phosphatase activity. In conclusion, injection of CHO to the $CCl_4$-pretreated rats led to more increased activity of serum XO and it may be caused by acceleration of hepatocyte membrane permeability and induction of enzyme protein.

• Applied Microscopy
• /
• 제48권3호
• /
• pp.62-72
• /
• 2018

This study investigated the anti-obesity effect of a pear (Fructus Pyri Pyrifoliae) extract fermented by lactic-acid bacteria on obesity induced by a high-fat diet in rats. Body-weight measurement, blood analysis, and light microscope observation of adipose tissue in liver and epididymis were conducted after 8 weeks. Gene expression of leptin, adiponectin, and tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}$ ($TNF-{\alpha}$) in liver cells were also investigated. Compared to CON, PFA and PFB showed 8% weight reduction along with weight reduction of adipose tissue in liver and epididymis. Observing the microstructure of liver cells showed that lipid droplets were smaller in PFA and PFB than in CON. We confirmed that Fructus Pyri Pyrifoliae extract fermented by lactic-acid bacteria can affect gene expression of leptin, adiponectin, and $TNF-{\alpha}$ in liver cells, showing an obesity treatment effect. From the results above, it was observed that weight gain from increased gene expression in adipose cells as well as from the increased proportion of adipose cells caused by a high-fat diet can be statistically significantly reduced by taking Fructus Pyri Pyrifoliae extract fermented by lactic-acid bacteria. Therefore, Fructus Pyri Pyrifoliae extract fermented by lactic-acid bacteria can be effective for preventing and treating obesity by reducing weight and adipose cells.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제22권6호
• /
• pp.823-832
• /
• 1993

This study was made to determine alleviating effects of vitamin C(Vt C) on the gramoxone toxicity in rats with respect to the growth gain, feed effeciency ratio, total lipid contents, lipid peroxication and protein patterns in rat liver. Growth gain, feed efficiency ratio and liver weight in the gramoxone group were decreased significantly as compared with the control group, while those values obtained in the gramoxone-Vt C group were increased as compared with the gramoxone group. Lipid contents and TBA value of rat liver of the gramoxone group were increased significantly as compared with the control group. However, those values of the gramoxone+Vt C group were decreased as compared with the gramoxone group. No significant differences were observed in the liver protein patterns between the gramoxone and the control group. The contents of liver protein were decreased significantly in the gramoxone group fed for 2 weeks as compared with the control group. The change of the liver protein patterns, such as the decrease of high molecular weight protein and the increase of low molecular weight protein were observed in the gramoxone+Vt C group.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
• /
• 제11권4호
• /
• pp.268-273
• /
• 2001

This study was performed to investigate the effects of HBM(Healthy Body Maker) on the weight loss and serum cholesterol level of rats. Twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 200$\pm$5g were grouped into 2. Rats were raised for 6 weeks with diet containing 0% and 5% of HBM. 1. There were no clinical signs for all the experimental period(6 weeks) in 0% and 5% groups. 2. At 3 and 6 weeks. body weight of 5% HBM group was significantly lower than that of control group. respectively(p<0.05, p<0.01). 3. At 4 weeks. the level of MCHC of 5% HBM group was significantly higher than that of control group(p<0.01) And at 6 weeks the level of RBC and Hct of 5% HBM group were significantly higher than those of control group(p<0.05) 4. At 6 weeks. the level of serum cholesterol of 5% HBM group was significantly lower than that of control group. 5. Absolute liver weight of 5% HBM group was significantly lower than that of control group(p<0.05). 6. Minor subaceous sickness of liver cell in the control group appeared but no symptom of liver cell in 5% HBM group. It is concluded that HBM was a safe and effective diet food which aided in inducing weight loss in rat without any observed harmful clinical side effects.

• 대한본초학회지
• /
• 제27권1호
• /
• pp.27-34
• /
• 2012

Objectives : This study was performed to compare the preventive effect of water extracts from Saponariae Vaccariae Semen(SVS) and Melandryi Firmi Herba(MFH) on hyperlipidemia and liver damage induced by alcohol. Methods : Except for the normal group, I fed rat on 25% alcohol for 55 days. And each extract was administrated for the same period. I measured the serum component in rat's blood, body weight and weight of liver. Results : At first, I observed effects of SVS and MFH on hyperlipidemia induced by alcohol. SVS and MFH group didn't show the significant decrease of total cholesterol in comparison with those of the control group. SVS and MFH group showed the significant increase of HDL-cholesterol in comparison with those of the control group. SVS group showed the significant decrease of triglyceride in comparison with those of the control group, but MFH group didn't show the significant decrease of triglyceride in comparison with those of the control group. SVS group showed the significant increase of body weight in comparison with those of the control group at 4weeks and 8weeks. But, MFH group didn't show the significant changes of body weight in comparison with those of the control group at 4weeks and 8weeks. By the way, SVS group showed the significant decrease of triglyceride in comparison with those of MFH group. SVS group showed the significant increase of body weight in comparison with those of MFH group at 8weeks. At second, I observed effects of SVS and MFH on liver damage induced by alcohol. SVS and MFH group showed the significant decrease of AST(aspartate aminotransferase), ALT(alanine aminotransferase), ALP(alkaline phosphatase) and LDH(lactate dehydrogenase) in comparison with those of the control group. SVS group showed the significant increase of liver weight in comparison with those of the control group, but MFH group didn't show the significant increase of liver weight in comparison with those of the control group. By the way, SVS group showed the significant increase of liver weight in comparison with those of MFH group. Conclusions : Reviewing these experimental results, it suggests that water extracts from SVS and MFH have pharmaceutical preventive efficacy on hyperlipidemia and liver damage induced by alcohol. Therefore further additional study should be conducted to elucidate the pharmaceutical efficacy of these in depth.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
• /
• 제22권1호
• /
• pp.177-192
• /
• 2014

Objective : In order to investigate the effect of Curcumae Longae Rhizoma(CLR) extract on the hepatocellular carcinogenesis and acute liver damage induced by diethylnitrosamine(DENA) and $CCl_4$ in rats. Methods : Experimental groups were subdivided into four; normal group (Nor), acute liver damage and hepatocellular cancer inducing control group (Con), and CLR extract 200mg/kg/day (CAA) or 400mg/kg/day (CAB) administered groups to Con. Thereafter the changes of the body weight, the liver weight and the weight of liver/100g body weight, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglyceride, the activities of AST, ALT, ALP, LDH, AFP, SOD, catalase were measured. And we observed by optical and electron microscopy. Result : 1. The body weight was decreased in Con compared with Nor for 5 weeks, but increased in Con compared with Nor from 6 week to 9 week. During experimental period of total 9 weeks, CAA and CAB were increased compared with Con. 2. The liver weight was increased significantly (p<0.05) in Con compared with Nor. The weight of liver/100g body weight was increased significantly (p<0.05) in Con compared with Nor and decreased significantly (p<0.05) in CAB compared with Con. 3. The level of total cholesterol was increased in Con and CAA compared with Nor, but there was not statistically significant. The level of triglyceride was decreased in Con compared with Nor. But increased in CAA and CAB compared with Con. The level of HDL-cholesterol was significantly increased (p<0.05) in CAA and CAB compared with Con. 4. The activities of AST, ALT were increased in Con compared with Nor, but decreased in CAA compared with Con, significantly decreased (p<0.05) in CAB compared with Con. 5. The activities of ALP, LDH were increased in Con compared with Nor, but decreased in CAA and CAB compared with Con. 6. The activities of AFP was increased significantly (p<0.05) in Con compared with Nor, but decreased significantly (p<0.05) in CAA and CAB compared with Con. 7. The activities of SOD were increased in Con, CAA and CAB compared with Nor, but decreased in CAA and CAB compared with Con. The activities of Catalase was more increased in CAA and CAB compared than Con. 8. The results of light microscopical observation, a number of hepatocytes were damaged in Con compared with Nor and CAB. 9. According to the electron microscopical observation, irregular nuclear membrane, condensed nucleoplasm was observed in Con, the experimental group was observed in the nucleus of the well-preserved and evenly developed nucleoplasm. Conclusions : These results suggest that administration of CLR extract suppress or retard on the hepatocellular carcinogenesis and acute liver damage induced by DENA and $CCl_4$ in rats.