• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2013

In this study, the effect of squid liver powder intake on accumulation of cadmium in mice was investigated. Subjects were divided into 4 groups including the control group (CON), squid liver powder group with lipids not removed (SLP100), and squid liver powder groups with lipids removed (LFSLP50 and LFSLP100). Feed intake and food efficiency ratio of squid liver powder groups was significantly higher than the CON. As a result of investigating cadmium content in hair, serum, liver, and kidney during intake of squid liver powder, all groups showed increase in cadmium accumulation through consistent, long-term intake. Especially, cadmium content in liver and kidney of LFSLP100 was significantly higher than the content of SLP100 and CON. As a result of pathological observation on liver and kidney tissues according to squid liver powder diet, LFSLP100 showed most serious pathological symptoms. In case of kidney tissues, degeneration was significantly more severe in LFSLP100 compared to other groups. Such results suggest that cadmium concentration in human body can be increased by ingestion of whole squid including internal organs and that tissues can be damaged by increased cadmium concentration. More specific and systematic studies are deemed necessary.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.185-192
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• 1984

This study was performed to investigate the effects of different levels of Cu(0,6,60 ppm ) and kinds of lipid(corn oil, sesame oil or butter) in the diet upon lipids metabolism and Cu & Fe contents in weanling rats. The results obtained were summarized as following : 1) Food consumptions, total body weight gains and F.E.R.s showed no significant differences among groups with different dietary Cu levels and the kinds of lipid. 2) Weights of liver, hind limb muscle, kidney, spleen and epididymal fat pad showed no significant differences among groups. 3) The contents of total lipids and total cholesterols in serum, hind limb muscle were significantly higher in low Cu groups than in control and high Cu groups. But the contents of total lipid in liver were significantly lower in low Cu groups than in other groups. 4) The contents of total lipid and total cholesterol in serum, liver and total lipid in muscle were significantly higher in butter groups, but the contents of total cholesterol in muscle were significantly lower in butter groups. 5) The Cu concentrations in serum, liver, muscle and feces were significantly higher in high Cu groups than in control and low Cu groups. The Fe concentrations in serum tended to be lower and those in muscle were significantly higher in low Cu groups.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.13-17
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• 2003

The hepatoprotective effect of the ethanolic extract of Coccinia indica fruits in rats treated with carbon tetrachloride. In hepatotoxic rats, liver damage was studied by assessing parameters such as aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (AlT), alkaline phosphatase (AIP) and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) in serum, and concentrations of total proteins, total lipids, phospholipids, triglycerides and cholesterol in both serum and liver. The effect of co-administration of ethanolic extract on the above parameters was further investigated. Histopathological study of the liver in experimental animals was also undertaken. Hepatic damage as evidenced by a rise in the levels of AST, AIT, AIP and GGT in serum, and also changes observed in other biochemical parameters In serum and liver showed a tendency to attain near normalcy in animals co-administered with the extract. The normal values for AST (IU/L), AIP (IU/I), protein (g/100 ml) and total lipids (mg/100 ml) in serum (i.e.,20.24, 70.04, 5.72 and 135.54 respectively) were found to alter towards values 32.61, 127.11, 3.83 and 265.91 in hepatotoxic rats. These parameters Attained near normal values (I.e.,22.82, 79.30, 5.22 and 151.24 for AST, AIP protein and total lipids respectively) in ethanolic extract co-administered rats. Profound steatosis, ballooning degeneration and nodule formation observed in the hepatic architecture of $CCl_4$ treated rats were found to acquire near-normalcy in drug co-administered rats, thus corroborating the biochemical observations. Thus the study substantiates the hepatoprotective potential of ethanolic extract of Coccinia indica fruits.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.243-248
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• 1993

The effect of dietary lipid factors (plant and animal oil, cholesterol and ${\beta}$-sitosterol) on the liver, serum, and egg yolk cholesterol levels of the laying hen was studied. Single Comb White Leghorn laying hens, at 28 weeks of age, were fed two basal diets containing 8.0% soybean oil or 8.0% fish oil, with or without supplemental cholesterol (1.0%), ${\beta}$-sitosterol (2.0%) or combinations of both. Restricting caloric intake resulted in significantly (p<.05) decreased egg production and the total amount of cholesterol excreted via the egg was significantly (p<.05) different among treatment groups. Cholesterol supplementation to the two basal diets resulted in a significant elevation of liver, serum and egg yolk cholesterol levels. The addition of ${\beta}$-sitosterol lowered the cholesterol levels in liver and serum, while increased in the egg yolk (SO + ST, FO + ST). The anticholesterogenic effect of dietary ${\beta}$-sitosterol was not clearly exhibited in this study.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.229-243
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• 1997

This study was performed to investigate the effects of dietary fibers from tangerine peels on lipid and cadmium metabolism. And effects were compared with those of commercial dietary fibers($\alpha$-cellulose, citrus pectin). Sixty male rats of Sprague-Dawley strain weighing 186.7$\pm$2.6g were blocked into 12 groups according to body weight, and were raised for 2 weeks. Cadmium chloride was given at the levels of 0 of 400 ppm in diet. Various dietary fibers were given at the level of 0 or 4%(w/w) of diet. The results are summarized as follow. In lipid metabolism, insoluble fibers[insoluble dietary fibers from tangerine peels(IDE), $\alpha$-celluolse] increased fecal excretion of lipids by inhcreasing feces weight, and decreased the concentrations of serum triglyceride and liver lipids. Soluble dietary fibers from tangerine peels(SDF) decreased the concentrations of serum cholesterol and liver lipids by increasing fecal lipids, too. In cadmium metabolism, soluble fivers(SDF, pectin) inhibited Cd absorption by increasing fecal Cd excretion and decreased Cd concentrations of intestion, liver and kidney. In conclusion, among the extracted fibers, SDF were more effective on lipid and Cd lowering activity and IDF had effect of increasing fecal lipid excretion. This result is useful to reduce food waste and utilize waste products.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제30권9호
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• pp.791-797
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• 2020

마키베리는 슈퍼푸드 중 하나로 현대인의 건강 증진에 도움이 되는 것으로 알려져있다. 본 연구에서는 마키베리 추출물이 성장기 정상 설치류에 미치는 영향을 탐색하기 위하여 2주간의 음용 후 혈액 구성 세포, 혈중 지질 등 생체변화를 측정하였다. 또한, 천연식물 소재의 위해성 여부 확인을 위해 혈액에서 확인 가능한 간과 신장 기능에 대한 생체 지표 변화도 측정하였다. 10주령 웅성 SD rat에 마키베리 추출물을 음용시킨 결과 혈중 지질 수준 변화에 있어서는 마키베리 음용군이 대조군에 비해 약 30%의 중성지질 수준 감소와 함께 약 18%의 고밀도지단백-콜레스테롤 수준 증가를 보임으로써 혈중지질 수준의 개선 효과를 가지고 있는 것으로 확인하였으며 적혈구 수준이 대조군 대비 약 10% 증가하였고 통계적 유의성은 없으나 헤모글로빈 또한 증가하는 경향을 보였고 적혈구 용적 비율 또한 약 12% 증가된 것으로 나타났다. 또한 마키베리 음용으로 인해 혈청 단백질이 대조군에 비해 약 30% 증가되는 것으로 확인되었고 마키베리 음용 후의 간손상에 대한 생체지표를 확인한 결과 GOT와 GPT 모두 대조군에 비해 약 12%의 감소가 확인되어 간기능 개선 효과에 대한 가능성을 보여주었다. 따라서 마키베리 음용은 혈액세포의 생성촉진과 함께 혈중지질개선, 간기능 개선 등 다양한 효과를 가지고 있는 것으로 보여지며 향후 기능성 식의약품 소재 또는 제품개발을 통한 고부가가치 창출 등 산업적으로의 활용 가치가 매우 높을 것이라 사료된다.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.204-210
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• 2008

This study was performed to investigate effects of Chiarella vulgaris on lipid metabolism in rats fed high fat diet. Sixty 6-week-old male Wistar rats were divided into two groups; normal diet group and high fat diet group, then the rats in each group were further divided into three subgroups and fed 0%, 5% and 10% (w/w) chlorella-containing diets, respectively, and raised for 9 weeks, Serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity and total protein and albumin concentration were not different among groups. Serum total lipids and liver TG concentration were significantly lower in 5% and 10% chlorella groups than 0% chlorella group in high fat diet groups (p<0.05). Serum TG, serum total cholesterol, liver total lipid and liver total cholesterol concentrations were significantly lower in 10% chlorella groups than 0% chlorella group in high fat diet groups (p<0.05). Fecal total lipid, TG and total cholesterol excretions were significantly higher in 5% and 10% chlorella groups than 0% chlorella groups in normal diet and high fat diet groups, respectively (p<0.05). These results suggest that Chlorella vulgaris is effective for prevention of dyslipidemia which may be due to the modulation of lipid metabolism and increased fecal excretion of lipid.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.906-913
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• 1998

This study an analyzes the effects of the P/S ratio of dietary lipids and antioxidant vitamin supplements on serum lipids level and fatty acid profile, the degree of lipid peroxidation, and the antioxidant enzyme activities in the liver of rats treated with 7,12-dimethylbenz($\alpha$) anthracene(DMBA). P/S ratio of dietary lipids was made into 0.5, 1 and 2 by mixing palm oil, soybean oil, sesame oil and perilla oil at 10%(w/w) fat level and n-6/n-3 ratio was fixed to 4. Antioxidant vitamin of $\alpha$-tocopherol or $\beta$-carotene was supplemented in addition to vitamin mixture which was given at 1 % of the standard diet. female Sprague-Dawley strain rats, about 60 days old, were divided into three groups(LP : low P/S ratio(0.5), MP : medium P/S ratio (1.0), HP , high P/S ratio(2.0)) and each group was sub-divided into three groups(S ; standard, T ; tocopherol supplemented, C : carotene supplemented): Two weeks after feeding experimental diets, all groups were treated with a single dose of DMBA(2mg/100g BW) by gastric intubation and fed experimental diet for 9 week. The results were as follows ; 1) Serum total cholesterol(TC) level was not significantly influenced by diet but tended to be lower in HP groups compared to LP and MP groups. Triglyceride level was the highest in LP groups and the lowest in $\alpha$-tocopherol supplemented groups. 2) Thiobarbituric acid reactive substance(TBARS) level, representing lipid peroxidation in hepatic microsome, tended to be increased as the unsaturation of dietary lipids increases. $\alpha$-Tocopherol supplement significantly decreased TBARS level. 3) The activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD) and glutathione peroxidase(GSHPx) in hepatic cytosol showed the tendency to be high with increasing P/S ratio of dietary lipids. SOD activity was not significantly influenced by antioxidant vitamin, but GSHPx activity was significantly increased in $\alpha$-tocopherol supplemented groups. In summary, high polyunsaturated fat diet was effective on reducing the serum level of total cholesterol and triglyceride, while it increased unsaturation and peroxidizability of serum fatty acid. With increasing P/S ratio of dietary lipids, lipid peroxidation was increased in the liver and antioxidant enzyme system was induced to inhibit lipid peroxidation against oxidative damage. $\alpha$-Tocopherol supplement was effective in lowering lipid peoxidation, but $\beta$-carotene supplement did not exhibit antioxidant effect. (Korean J Nutrition 31(5) 906~913, 1998)

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.173-178
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• 1998

The feeding effects of Herba hottuynia extracts on the lipids profiles and the content of TAB-reactive substances were evaluated in rats fed a high cholesterol diet. Hot water or ethanol extracts of the dried leave were evaporated and lyophilized . The experimental animals wer edevided to four groups and fed the following diets for 4 weeks : BAsal (cholesterol-free diet), CHOL(cholesterol-enriched diet),CW (cholesterol plus water extract) and CE(cholesterol plus ethanol extract). Dietary cholesterol increased significantly the activities of serum GOT and GPT, but the extracts feeding (0.5% of diet) did not influence the activities induced by dietary cholesterol. Although dietary cholesterol increased significantly the concentrationof serum andliver cholesterol, it tended to decrease the concentation of serum triglycerides. CHolesterol feeding had a lowering effect on the lipid peroxidation value of serum, but not inliver.Furthermore, the extracts feeding, especially water extract, decreased markedly the liver peroxidation value. The results suggest that Houttyunia cordata extracts have an in vivo antioxidant effect, judged from the TBA value in the liver rats fed a high cholesterol diet.

• 약학회지
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.283-289
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• 2002

The cholesterol and fatty acid levels in serum and liver were compared in 4-week-old Sprague-Dawley male fed by addition of polymannuronate (M, 5.0％), polyguluronate (G, 5.0％), and polymannuronate and polyguluronate (MG, 2.5％ to each) with by addition of cholesterol (1.0％). Feed efficiency by the addition of M, MG, and G was lower than cholesterol fed group (p＜0.01). The liver weights were less in M, MG, and G fed groups than in cholesterol fed group (p＜0.01). Triglyceride levels in serum and liver were 58.2∼77.4％ and 51.5∼65.5％ lower in M, G and MG fed groups than cholesterol fed group, respectively. Total-, LDL-, and free-cholesterol levels in serum and liver in M, MG, and G fed group were significantly lower than cholesterol fed group. The cholesterol levels were the most reduced in M fed group. However, HDL- cholesterol level in serum was increased in M, MG, and G fed group (p＜0.01). The of polyene levels were 47％ higher in serum and 76％ in liver in M fed group than in cholesterol fed group. The activities of GOT and GPT were lower in M, MG, and G fed group than in cholesterol fed group (p＜0.01). Above the results demonstrate that supplementation of low molecular polymannuronate in diets improve physiologically lipid composition in serum and liver.