• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.1 no.4
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• pp.513-519
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• 2006

As a very important part in development of the protocol, verifications for developed protocol specification are complementary techniques that are used to increase the level of confidence in the system functions by their specifications. Using the informal method for specifying the protocol, some ambiguity may be contained therein. This indwelling ambiguity in control systems can cause the occurrence of accidents, especially in the case of safety-critical systems. To clear the vagueness contained in the designed protocol, we use the LTS (Labeled Transition System) model to design the protocol for railway signaling. And then, we verify the safety and the liveness properties formally through the model checking method. The modal ${\mu}$-calculus, which is an expressive method of temporal logic, has been applied to the model checking method. We verify the safety and liveness properties of Korean standard protocol for railway signaling systems. To perform automatic verification of the safety and liveness properties of the designed protocol, a communication verification tool is implemented. The developed tools are implemented by C++ language under Windows XP. It is expected to increase the safety and reliability of communication protocol for signaling systems by using the developed communication verification tool.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1991.10b
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• pp.1811-1816
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• 1991

In this paper we present how the deviation bound, which is a synchronic variable, can be used for checking liveness in Petri nets. Also, the deviation bound will be applied to detect or avoid deadlock situations and to characterize concurrency against sequential behaviors in automated manufacturing systems. In the current stage, we restrict the applicable domain of these methods to the Petri net structure that can be synthesized by combining common transitions or common places or common paths of Live-and-Bounded circuits.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institutes of Information Security and Cryptology Conference
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.241-245
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• 2006

Recent studies show that fingerprint recognition technology is confronted with spoofing of artificial fingers. In order to overcome this problem, the fingerprint recognition system needs to distinguish a fake finger from a live finger. This paper examines existing software-based approaches for fingerprint liveness detection through experiments. Implemented and tested in this paper are the approaches based on deformation, wavelet, and perspiration. These approaches will be analyzed and compared based on experimental results.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2001.11c
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• pp.212-214
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• 2001

Siphons and traps are special structures of Petri nets with closely related to liveness for the deadlock analysis of Discrete Event Dynamic Systems. It can analysis the liveness of Petri nets using the siphon and trap without to check reachability.[1] Deadlock analysis approach we proposed is based on the notion of potential deadlock which are siphons that eventually become empty. And in this paper, we proposed a initial marking method by siphon to avoid and to prevent deadlock. It is shown that our approach is more efficient than classical state enumeration approach.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2007.07a
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• pp.295-296
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• 2007

Fake fingersubmission to the sensor is a major problem in fingerprint recognition systems. In this paper, we introduce a novel liveness detection method using multi-static features. For convenience and usefulness of field application, static features are only considered to detect 'live' and 'fake' fingerprint images. Individual pore spacing, noise of image and first order statistics of image are analyzed as our static features to reflect the Physiological and statistical characteristics of live and fake fingerprint.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.39-47
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• 2017

Nowadays, there have been an increasing number of illegal use cases where people try to fabricate the working hours by using fake fingerprints. So, the fingerprint liveness detection techniques have been actively studied and widely demanded in various applications. This paper proposes a new method to detect fake fingerprints using CNN (Convolutional Neural Ntworks) based on the patches of fingerprint images. Fingerprint image is divided into small square sized patches and each patch is classified as live, fake, or background by the CNN. Finally, the fingerprint image is classified into either live or fake based on the voting result between the numbers of fake and live patches. The proposed method does not need preprocessing steps such as segmentation because it includes the background class in the patch classification. This method shows promising results of 3.06% average classification errors on LivDet2011, LivDet2013 and LivDet2015 dataset.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.355-358
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• 2005

Fingerprint recognition systems are the most widely used in biometrics for personal authentication. As they become more familiar, the security weaknesses of fingerprint sensors are becoming better known. In this paper, we propose a liveness detection method that applies correlation filter to the fingerprint recognition systems. The physiological characteristic of sweat pore, observed only in live people, is used as a measure to classify 'live' fingers from 'spoof' fingers. Previous works show that detection of sweat pores and perspiration patterns in fingerprint images can be used as an anti-spoofing measure. These methods don't consider the characteristic of pores in each individual. We construct the correlation filters of each individual which are composed of their pore information. We make the final decision about the "livens" of fingerprint using correlation output. The proposed algorithm was applied to a data set of 110 live, 110 spoof fingerprint images from optical fingerprint scanner and achieved classification rate of 80%.

• Smart Media Journal
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.9-17
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• 2015

Recently the need for advanced security technologies are increasing as the occurrence of intelligent crime is growing fastly. Previous liveness detection and fake face detection methods are required for the improvement of accuracy in order to be put to practical use. In this paper, we propose a new liveness detection method using pupil reflection, and new fake image detection using Adaboost detector. The proposed system detects eyes based on multi-scale Gabor feature vector in the first stage, The template matching plays a role in determining the allowed eye area. And then, the reflected image in the pupil is used to decide whether or not the captured image is live or not. Experimental results indicate that the proposed method is superior to the previous methods in the detection accuracy of fake images.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1993.10a
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• pp.324-329
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• 1993

A reduction method of GSPN (generalized stochastic Petri net) is proposed. A GSPN is basically a SPN (stochastic Petri net) with transition a that are either timed or immediate. Then the proposed method is defined on the basis of the dynamic behavior and the structure of the net. The reduction preserves the properties such as liveness, boundedness, and allows easy analysis of the GSPN.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.134-148
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• 1996

In this paper, in order to verify KITSAT 1/2 packet communication protocols, we model the AX.25 protocol and PACSAT protocol by using an extended Petri net and then verify the correctness, boundedness, liveness and deadlock freeness of packet protocols by utilizing reachability trees.