• Food Engineering Progress
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.346-354
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• 2011

This study was carried out to fortify the antimicrobial activity of yoghurt by adding liquorice extract to it. The liquorice extracts (1 mg/mL) showed relatively high antibacterial activity against H. pylori KCCM 40449 (p < 0.05). The solvent liquorice extracts of minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) against H. pylori KCCM 40449 were 25- 100 ${\mu}g$/mL. Lactobacillus amylovorus DU-21 with high EPS production ability were inoulated to milk after the addition of different amounts of liquorice extracts (0.0%, 0.05%, 0.1% and 0.2%). The physico-chemical characteristics of yoghurts added with liquorice extracts were examined. The initial pH, titratable acidity, viscosity and viable cell counts of the yoghurt added liquorice extracts were 3.41-3.51, 1.021-1.091%, 1,686-1,930 cp and 9.41-9.38 Log CFU/mL, respectively. The viscosity and syneresis of yoghurt were better than that of the control. Antimicrobial activity against H. pylori KCCM 40449 increased with increasing addition of liquorice extract. However, the sensory score of yoghurt added with different amounts of liquorice extracts was lower than that of the control (p < 0.05). As a result of the sensory evaluations, the flavor, taste, texture, color and overall acceptability of the yoghurt with 0.05% liquorice extract were found to be much better than those of the other groups (p < 0.05). Overall, the optimal amount of liquorice extract added in the manufacture of yoghurt was 0.05% of the total weight. Further studies on increment of antimicrobial activity and palatability of liquorice extract added yoghurt are necessary.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.33-34
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• 1970

The cultivation of Italian liquorice root was carried out and the three-year-old roots of average wet weight 800g were harvested. In early April the cut root was transplanted and the rate of survival was $50{\sim}60%$. The treatment of it with dilute Atonic solution increased the rate to 96%. The glycyrrhizin content in the root was: five-year-old root 7%, four-year-old 7.5%, three-year-old 6.7%, and two-year-old 4.7%.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.35-37
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• 1970

The methanol extract of two kinds of liquorice on Korean market was examined for basic components by a general alkaloid extraction method. The hydrochloride of the components gave all positive reactions to five coloration and precipitation tests. Four coloration tests on the thin-layer chromatograms of the free bases showed three to five spots which are considered to be basic.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.81-86
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• 2000

The objective was to develop herbicides for liquorice (Glycyrrhiza uralensis), one of most important ingredients of herbal medicine in Korea. Soil-applied herbicides, pendimethalin at 1,585 g a.i. $ha^{-1}$, simazine at 1,000 g a.i. $ha^{-1}$, alachlor at 5 g a.i. $ha^{-1}$, metolachlor at 1,600 g a.i. $ha^{-1}$, and ethalfluralin at 1,050 g a.i. $ha^{-1}$ provided greater control of hairy crabgrass and barnyardgrass (> 60%) but less control of Abutilon avicennae and Fagopyrum esculentum under growth chamber conditions. Of tested soil-applied herbicides, pendimethalin and simazine showed slight injury to liquorice (<17%). In the field experiment conducted in Chunchon, pendimethalin and simazine provided greater control of weeds: total fresh weight of weeds in control plots was 187 g $m^{-2}$, while those in both herbicides-treated plots were nil. Fresh weights of liquorice seedlings in pendimethalin- and simazine-applied plots, however, were not different from those in control plots. Foliar-applied herbicides, such as dicamba at 964 g a.i. $ha^{-1}$, 2,4-D at 280 g a.i. $ha^{-1}$, mecoprop at 2,500 g a.i. $ha^{-1}$, flazasulfuron at 75 g a.i. $ha^{-1}$, imazaquin at 800 g a.i. $ha^{-1}$, bentazon at 1,600 g a.i. $ha^{-1}$, and pyribenzoxim at 30 g a.i. $ha^{-1}$ reduced the growth of liquorice seedlings and provided moderate to total damage. Overall results show that pendimethalin and simazine appears to be effective herbicide candidates for liquorice.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 2001.07a
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• pp.220-225
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• 2001

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.1057-1061
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• 2002

Effects of modifier and soaking on extraction of triterpenoid saponin (glycyrrhizin) from liquorice were examined using supercritical $CO_2(SC-CO_2)$ at 50 MPa, $60^{\circ}C$, and flow rate of 3 mL/min, and glycyrrhizin content was analyzed by HPLC. Additon of undiluted methanol, ethanol or isopropanol as modifier to $SC-CO_2$ had little influence on extraction yield of glycyrrhizin. Soaking process using water increased the extraction yield as the sample to solvent ratio was increased. Addition of 70% methanol, ethanol or isopropanol to $SC-CO_2$ significantly increased the extraction yields, with 70% methanol resulting in the highest yield. When water at 90% (w/w) of sample weight was used for soaking, the extraction yield and rate increased, 70% ethanol-modified $SC-CO_2$ was almost equal to that obtained using 70% methanol.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.207-214
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• 2008

In recent years, the combined use of Herbal medicines and Western drugs has been increasing. Though certain problems may occur when both types of medicines are taken together, they havenot been adequately analyzed. It was reported that anticoagulation was enhanced in addition tobleeding when patients took long-term warfarin therapy in combination with Salvia miltiorrhiza(danshen), and laxative herbs accelerate intestinal transit and interfere with the absorption. Herbal constituents, curcumin, ginsenosides, piperine, catechins and silymarin were found to beinhibitors of P-glycoprotein. St John's wort induces the intestinal expression of P-glycoprotein. Anthraquinone, quercetin and coumarins were found to be a potent inhibitor of P-450. Glycyrrhizin or liquorice extracts, Garlic and St John's wort are a potent inducer of CYP3A4. This review provides a critical overview of interactions between herbal medicines and other drugs. Hence, it is necessary to study the pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic interactions of many herbal medicines between western drugs.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.52 no.5
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• pp.482-486
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• 2020

Cases of inflammatory bowel diseases including ulcerative colitis are increasing in Korea and development of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely investigated. Natural products with anti-inflammatory properties are rising as safe candidates for NSAIDs. The extract of turmeric or puffed turmeric mixed with herbal extract (goji berry, liquorice, lycium root, and dong quai) was treated to acute colitis mice by oral gavage. The symptoms of colitis, i.e., body weight loss, fecal score, and shortened colon length, were significantly attenuated by puffed turmeric extract with the herbal extract. Non-puffed turmeric extract with herbal extract, however, exhibited a very marginal recovery. Tissue culture supernatant of colons further revealed that both puffed turmeric and non-puffed turmeric extracts with herbal extract suppressed pro-inflammatory cytokine production at a comparable level. These results indicate that puffing is a simple and promising process of turmeric for enhancement of anti-inflammatory properties.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2019.10a
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• pp.103-103
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• 2019

Glycyrrhizae radix, commonly known as licorice, is a perennial herb belonging to Leguminosae and also includes various components such as, glycyrrhizin, liquiritin, liquiritigenin and isoliquiritigenin etc. Licorice has been widely used in East Asia as a medicine having pharmacological effects like antioxidants, anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer and immune modulatory activities. Among various licorice, Glycyrrhiza (G.) uralensis G. glabra and G. inflata are used for pharmaceutical purposes in Korea. However, cultivation of licorice has some problems such as low quality, low productivity, and early leaf drop. Korea Rural Development Administration developed new cultivars Wongam and Sinwongam, which are improved in cultivation and quality. To register the newly developed cultivar (s) on Ministry of Food and Drug Safety in Korea as a medicine, it is necessary to prove the similarity and difference through the comparative studies between already-registered species and new cultivars. Some fungi and bacteria usually in the human oral cavity and intestines exist as harmless state in human body. Also, the skin and genital infections by fungi can lead to toxic systemic infections and are accompanied by flushing, rashes, burning or painful sensation. The influences of licorice varieties on fungi and bacteria might be an evidence to prove the outstanding effect of newly developed licorice variety. In this study, the antifungal and antibacterial activity was investigated using newly developed licorice varieties Wongam, and Sinwongam against various fungi and bacteria. These results means newly developed licorice could be used as a replacement of already-registered species in terms of antifungal and antibacterial application.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2020.12a
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• pp.80-80
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• 2020

Glycyrrhizae Radix (GR), commomly known as liquorice, is a medicinal and edible plant widely used in East Asia with its pharmacological properties. Currently, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, G. glabra and G. inflata are used for pharmaceutical purposes in Korea and then the improved Glycyrrhiza varieties, WON-GAM (WG) has been developed by Korea Rural Development Administration. To evaluate equivalence of efficacy, several comparative studies between already-registered species and new cultivars have been conducted. To evaluate equivalence of efficacy, several comparative studies between already-registered species and new cultivars have been conducted. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of WG on fecal microbiota in DSS-induced colitis model. Fecal microbiota was analyzed by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP). The composition of the fecal microbiota did not show a specific pattern based on experimental groups; however, a tendency toward an increase in the proportion of Lactobacillales was observed. Glycyrrhiza varieties could change composition of fecal microbiota in DSS-induced colitis model. This work was carried out with the support of "Cooperative Research Program for Agriculture Science and Technology Development (Project No. PJ014246022020)" Rural Development Administration.