• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제23권6호
• /
• pp.615-634
• /
• 2006

Seismic response of the liquid storage tanks isolated by the elastomeric bearings and sliding systems is investigated under near-fault earthquake motions. The fault normal and parallel components of near-fault motion are applied in two horizontal directions of the tank. The continuous liquid mass of the tank is modeled as lumped masses known as sloshing mass, impulsive mass and rigid mass. The corresponding stiffness associated with these lumped masses has been worked out depending upon the properties of the tank wall and liquid mass. It is observed that the resultant response of the isolated tank is mainly governed by fault normal component with minor contribution from the fault parallel component. Further, a parametric study is also carried out to study the effects of important system parameters on the effectiveness of seismic isolation for liquid storage tanks. The various important parameters considered are: aspect ratio of tank, the period of isolation and the damping of isolation bearings. There exists an optimum value of isolation damping for which the base shear in the tank attains the minimum value under near-fault motion. The increase of damping beyond the optimum value will reduce the bearing and sloshing displacements but increases the base shear. A comparative performance of five isolation systems for liquid storage tanks is also studied under normal component of near-fault motion and found that the EDF type isolation system may be a better choice for design of isolated tank in near-fault locations. Finally, it is also observed that the satisfactory response can be obtained by analysing the base-isolated tanks under simple cycloidal pulse instead of complete acceleration history.

• 한국지진공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국지진공학회 2002년도 추계 학술발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.98-105
• /
• 2002

The effects of the base-isolation system and elastic soil foundation on the behavior of a liquid storage tank are studied. To evaluate the seismic response of liquid storage tank accurately, the coupled dynamic system considering base isolation and soil interaction problem is formulated in time domain. Results show that the base isolation system reduces effectively the radial displacements, base shears, overturning moments, axial resultant stresses and the hydrodynamic pressure by providing flexibility and energy dissipation capability. Base Isolation may, however, increase the relative liquid sloshing amplitude due to the effect of liquid-structure interaction and cause excessive large relative displacements between structure and foundation. In addition to base-isolator, the dynamic behavior of liquid storage tank is related to the flexibility of base foundation, so the analysis of soil-structure interaction s achieved.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제36권8호
• /
• pp.1024-1029
• /
• 2012

DME는 천연가스로부터 합성할 수 있는 대량의 미래 에너지원으로 한국가스공사는 이의 국내 공급을 위해 해외 자원 확보와 함께 해양에서 생산과 저장을 할 수 있는 FPSO의 건조를 추진하고 있다. 본 논문은 저장탱크 내부에서의 DME의 거동을 분석하여 제시함으로써 관련 기술자의 설계나 DME운영에 도움이 되고자 하였다. DME 증발량과 압력변화의 해석결과는 DME탱크 내 액체의 저장량이 증가할수록 증가하였다. 만선인 98%의 충전에서는 저장압력이 급격히 상승하게 되므로 하루 이상 장기간 저장하여야 할 경우는 만선저장을 피하는 것이 바람직하다.

• Earthquakes and Structures
• /
• 제15권5호
• /
• pp.513-528
• /
• 2018

A typical viable technique to decrease the seismic response of liquid storage tanks is to isolate them at the base. Base-isolation systems are an efficient and feasible solution to reduce the vulnerability of structures in high seismic risk zones. Nevertheless, when liquid storage tanks are under long-period shaking, the base-isolation systems could have different impacts. These kinds of earthquakes can damage the tanks readily. Hence, the seismic behaviour and vibration of cylindrical liquid storage tanks, subjected to earthquakes, is of paramount importance, and it is investigated in this paper. The Finite Element Method is used to evaluate seismic response in addition to the reduction of excessive liquid sloshing in the tank when subjected to the long-period ground motion. The non-linear stress-strain behaviour pertaining to polymers and rubbers is implemented while non-linear contact elements are employed to describe the 3-D surface-to-surface contact. Therefore, Nonlinear Procedures are used to investigate the fluid-structure interactions (FSI) between liquid and the tank wall while there is incompressible liquid. Part I, examines the effect of the flexibility of the isolation system and the tank aspect ratio (height to radius) on the tank wall radial displacements of the tank wall and the liquid sloshing heights. Maximum stress and base shear force for various aspect ratios and different base-isolators, which are subjected to three seismic conditions, will be discussed in Part II. It is shown that the composite-base isolator is much more effective than other isolators due to its high flexibility and strength combined. Moreover, the base isolators may decrease the maximum level pertaining to radial displacement.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제52권5호
• /
• pp.875-887
• /
• 2014

The aim of the shaking table experiment is to verify the isolation effect of a storage liquid tank with multiple friction pendulum bearings. A 1:20 scale model of a real storage liquid tank that is widely used in the petroleum industry was examined by the shaking table test to compare its anchored base and isolated base. The seismic response of the tank was assessed by employing the time history input. The base acceleration, wave height and tank wall stress were used to evaluate the isolation effect. Finally, the influences of the bearing performance that characterizes the isolated tank, such as the friction force and residual displacement, were discussed.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국정밀공학회 1997년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.620-624
• /
• 1997

Corrugated membranes which are used as a means of liquid- and gas-sealing for a LNG storage tank and provide one of the most reliable primary barrier are the main component of in-ground membrane types for the assurance of high safety. It absorbs large thermal and mechanical deformations caused by ultra low temperature of LNG, -162 .deg.c, the cryogenic liquid and mechanical deformations caused by was carried out on crossing corrugation by commercial F.E code, ANSYS. This paper presents some of results in stress analysis of membranes performed for the purpose to investigate the strength of existing membrane for LNG storage tank designed by IHI,MHI, KHI and KGC expect for Technigaz eariy published. Based on these analytical studies,design criteria were estabilished and SHI original membranes having a high level of safety and fitting to larger capacities were developed.

• Earthquakes and Structures
• /
• 제12권5호
• /
• pp.583-589
• /
• 2017

In this study, result of a field investigation of railway traffic-induced vibrations is provided to examine acceptability levels of ground vibration and to evaluate the serviceability of a liquid-storage tank. Free field attenuation of the amplitudes as a function of distance is derived by six accelerometers and compared with a well-known half-space Bornitz's analytical solution which considers the loss of the amplitude of waves due to geometrical damping and material damping of Rayleigh. Bornitz's solution tends to overlap vertical free field vibration compared with in-situ measured records. The vibrations of the liquid-storage tank were compared with the USA, Federal Transportation Railroad Administration (FTA) criteria for acceptable ground-borne vibrations and with the criteria in DIN 4150-3 German standard. Comparing the thresholds stated in DIN 4150-3, absolute peak particle velocities are within the safe limits, however according to FTA velocity level at the top of the water tank exceeds the allowable limits. Furthermore, it is intended to indicate experimentally the effect of the kinematic interaction caused by the foundation of the structure on the free-field vibrations.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제18권4호
• /
• pp.718-725
• /
• 2017

액체저장탱크는 화학물질을 다루는 산업단지의 주요한 구조물로서, 지진으로 인한 구조물의 손상은 화학물질의 유출, 화재, 폭발 등의 추가적인 피해를 야기한다. 따라서 액체저장탱크의 지진 취약성을 사전에 효율적으로 평가하고, 지진에 대비하는 일이 필수적이라고 할 수 있다. 지진으로 인해 진동하는 액체저장탱크는 액체-구조물의 상호작용으로 탱크 벽체에 유동압력이 작용하며, 이는 탱크의 응력을 증가시키고 구조적 손상을 일으키는 원인이 될 수 있다. 한편, 구조물의 지진 취약성은 여러 불확실성 요인들을 고려하여 정해진 한계상태에 대한 파괴확률을 산정함으로써 평가하게 되는데, 보다 정확한 액체저장탱크 지진 취약도 평가를 위해서는 신뢰성 해석 과정에서 정교한 유한요소 해석이 요구된다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 최근에 신뢰성 해석 소프트웨어와 유한요소 해석 소프트웨어를 서로 연동시켜 개발된 FERUM-ABAQUS를 활용한 유한요소 신뢰성 해석을 통해 액체저장탱크의 파괴확률을 계산하였다. 이러한 유한요소 신뢰성 해석 기법은 두 소프트웨어 간의 자동적인 데이터 교환이 가능하여 보다 효율적으로 구조물의 지진 취약성을 평가할 수 있으며, 이를 통해 얻은 파괴확률 결과를 바탕으로 지진 강도에 따른 액체저장탱크의 지진 취약도 곡선을 성공적으로 도출하였다.

• 한국초전도ㆍ저온공학회논문지
• /
• 제25권4호
• /
• pp.65-69
• /
• 2023

Hydrogen is an eco-friendly energy source and is being actively researched in various fields around the world, including mobility and aerospace. In order to effectively utilize hydrogen energy, it should be used in a liquid state with high energy storage density, but when hydrogen is stored in a liquid state, BOG (boil-off gas) is generated due to the temperature difference with the atmosphere. This should be re-condensed when considering storage efficiency and economy. In particular, large-capacity liquid hydrogen storage tank is required a gaseous helium circulation cooling system that cools by circulating cryogenic refrigerant due to the increase in heat intrusion from external air as the heat transfer area increases and the wide distribution of the gas layer inside the tank. In order to effectively apply the system, thermo-hydraulic analysis through process analysis is required. In this study, the condenser design and system characteristics of a gaseous helium circulation cooling system for BOG recondensation of a liquefied hydrogen storage tank were compared.

• Earthquakes and Structures
• /
• 제16권6호
• /
• pp.727-741
• /
• 2019

A reinforced concrete water tank is a typical functional liquid storage structure and cracks are the greatest threat to the liquid storage structure. Tanks are readily cracked due to seismic activity, thereby leading to the leakage of the stored liquid and a loss of function. In order to study the effect of cracks on liquid storage tanks, self-healing and leakage tests for bending cracks and through cracks in the walls of a reinforced concrete water tank were conducted. Material performance tests were also performed. The self-healing performance of bending cracks in a lentic environment and through cracks in a lotic environment were tested, thereby the self-healing width of bending micro-cracks in the lentic environment in the short term were determined. The through cracks had the capacity for self-healing in the lotic environment was found. The leakage characteristics of the bending cracks and through cracks were tested with the actual water head on the crack. The effects on liquid leakage of the width of bending cracks, the depth of the compression zone, and the acting head were determined. The relationships between the leakage rate and time with the height of the water head were analyzed. Based on the tests, the relationships between the crack characteristics and self-healing as well as the leakage were obtained. Thereby the references for water tank structure design and grading earthquake damage were provided.