• Journal of Energy Engineering
• /
• v.2 no.2
• /
• pp.225-230
• /
• 1993

Isothermal vapor-liquid equilibrium data have been measured for binary systems n-dodecane-1-defanol, n-doderane-1-dodecanol, and 1-decanoi-1-dodecanol at 140$^{\circ}C$ by using head space gas chromatography (H.S.G.C) as a static method. The activity coefficients, calculated taking into acount the nonideality of the liquid phase, were correlated with the conventional g$\^$E/ model, Margules, van Laar, Wilson, NRTL equations. These equilibrium data were thermodynamically consistent by Rrdlich- kister test, among these data, system n-dodecane-1-detanoi has minimum azeotrope.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
• /
• v.2 no.3
• /
• pp.308-314
• /
• 1993

Both Vapor-liquid equilibrium data and boiling temperature have been measured for ternary and each corresponding binaries of n.dodecane-1.decanol-1.dodecanol mixture under constant pressure of 15 mbar. Measured vapor-liquid equilibrium data were correlated with the conventional g$\^$E/ model ; Margules, van Laar, Wilson, NRTL and UNIQUAC equations. Binary equilibrium data were thermodynamically tested by Redlich-Kister integral method and ternary data were also qualitatively checked by two point consistency test, suggested by McDermott-Ellis. Among the binary VLE data, only the system n.dodecane-1.decanol has minimum boiling azeotrope.

• Journal of ILASS-Korea
• /
• v.9 no.3
• /
• pp.8-14
• /
• 2004

Characteristics of droplet vaporization at high ambient pressures and temperatures which are supercritical conditions is studied numerically by formulating one dimensional vaporization model in liquid dodecane and air. Modified Soave-Redlich-Kwong state equation is used to condider real gas effect. Non-ideal behavior of properties at near critical and supercritical conditions is considered in the high pressure condition. Characteristic spatial distribution of properties with various conditions of pressure and temperature is evaluated in order to understand vaporizing evolution.

• Journal of ILASS-Korea
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.188-196
• /
• 2014

The spray and combustion characteristics of n-dodecane fuel were investigated in a CVCC (constant volume combustion chamber). The selection of ambient conditions for the spray followed ECN (engine combustion network) guidelines, which simulates the ambient condition of diesel engines at start of fuel injection. ECN is a collaboration network whose main objective is to establish an internet library of well-documented experiments that are appropriate for model validation and the advancement of scientific understanding of combustion at conditions specific to engines. Therefore repeatability of the experiments with high accuracy was important. The ambient temperature was varied from 750 to 930 K while the density was fixed at around $23kg/m^3$. The injection pressure of the fuel was varied from 500 to 1500 bar. The spray was injected in both non-reacting ($O_2$ concentration of 0%) and reacting conditions ($O_2$ concentration of 15%) to examine the spray and the combustion characteristics. Direct imaging with Mie Scattering was used to obtain the liquid penetration length. Shadowgraph was implemented to observe vapor length and lift-off length at non-reacting and reacting conditions, respectively. Pressure data was analyzed to determine the ignition delay with respect to the spray and ambient conditions.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
• /
• v.20 no.6
• /
• pp.31-36
• /
• 2016

The flash point is one of the most important indicators of the flammability of liquid solutions. The flash point is the lowest temperature at which there is enough concentration of flammable vapor to form an ignitable mixture with air. In this study the flash points of ternary liquid solutions, n-nonane+n-decane+n-dodecane system, were measured using Seta flash closed cup tester. The measured values were compared with the calculated values using Raoult's law and empirical equation. The calculated data by empirical equation described the measured values more effectively than those calculated by Raoult's law.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
• /
• v.30 no.4
• /
• pp.86-91
• /
• 2015

The flash point is used to categorize inflammable liquids according to their relative flammability. Such a categorization is important for the safe handling, storage, and transportation of inflammable liquids. The flash point temperature of two binary liquid mixtures(n-octane+n-decane and n-octane+n-dodecane) has been measured for the entire concentration range using Seta-flash closed cup tester based on the ASTM D3278 method. The closed cup flash point temperature was estimated using the UNIFAC(Universal Functional Activity Coefficient) group contribution model. The experimentally derived flash point was also compared with the predicted flash point from the UNIFAC model. The UNIFAC model is able to estimate the flash point fairly well for n-octane+n-decane mixture and n-octane+n-dodecane mixture.

• Fire Science and Engineering
• /
• v.24 no.1
• /
• pp.116-121
• /
• 2010

The present study has been performed to investigate the ignition characteristics of a n-dodecane fuel droplet on the hot surface. Simplified bench scale test setup was built to examine the effect of air flow on the ignition temperature of fuel droplet. IR pyrometric sensor was used to measure the surface temperature, the measured temperature using IR pyrometer was directly compared with k-type thermocouple. The ignition of n-dodecane fuel droplet was divided into two stage - cool flame and hot flame - with the air flow rate except the case of air flow rate 3.0 lpm. The ignition temperature and probability was greatly affected by the air flow rate and the MHSIT of the present study was about $300^{\circ}C$ for air flow rate of 0.5 lpm.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
• /
• v.11 no.3
• /
• pp.245-250
• /
• 2006

The effects of aliphatic hydrocarbons (n-hexadecane and n-dodecane) on the volumetric oxygen mass transfer coefficient $(k_L\;a)$ were studied in flat alveolar airlift reactor and continuous stirred tank reactors (CSTRs). In the flat alveolar airlift reactor, high aeration rates (>2vvm) were required in order to obtain efficient organic-aqueous phase dispersion and reliable $k_La$ measurements. Addition of 1% (v/v) n-hexadecane or n-dodecane increased the $k_La$ 1.55- and 1.33-fold, respectively, compared to the control (superficial velocity: $25.8{\times}10^{-3}m/s$, sparger orifice diameter: 0.5 mm). Analysis of the gas-liquid interfacial area a and the liquid film mass transfer coefficient $k_L$ suggests that the observed $k_La$ increase was a function of the media's liquid film mass transfer. Addition of 1% (v/v) n-hexadecane or n-dodecane to analogous setups using CSTRs led to a $k_La$ increase by a factor of 1.68 and 1.36, respectively (superficial velocity: $2.1{\times}10^{-3}m/s$, stirring rate: 250 rpm). These results propose that low-concentration addition of oxygen-vectors to aerobic microbial cultures has additional benefit relative to incubation in purely aqueous media.

• Proceedings of the Korean Radioactive Waste Society Conference
• /
• 2018.11a
• /
• pp.339-340
• /
• 2018

• Analytical Science and Technology
• /
• v.21 no.5
• /
• pp.403-411
• /
• 2008

Dimethyldibutyltetradecylmalonamide (DMDBTDMA) extractant was used in a solvent extraction process for a radioactive liquid waste treatment. For the study of radiolysis phenomena, DMDBTDMA was synthesized and the degradation compounds (n-methylbutylamine, tetradecane, 1-tetradecanol) in the DMDBTDMA extractant, irradiated with $^{60}Co$ gamma ray, were identified and determined as radiolysis products by a Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), gas chromatograph/mass spectrometer (GC/MS) analysis and GC/MS with selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode. Retention behavior of n-methylbutylamine, n-dodecane, tetradecane and 1-tetradecanol in the total ion chromatogram with the standard materials and n-dodecane as the internal standard (ISTD) were 2.35 min., 8.83 min., 10.68 min. and 12.75 min., respectively. In the case of tetradecane, there was a linear relationship between the concentration of the tetradecane and the absorbed dose of the ${\gamma}$-ray irradiated DMDBTDMA.