• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.32-45
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• 1992

In order to establish and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to ILTV, field virus strain of ILTV was propagated in chorioallantoic membrane of the embryonated eggs. purified and used as antigen. The antisera selected from the field samples and immunized chickens based on serum neutralization test were used as the standard positive and negative sera in all tests. It was found that optimal antigen concentration was $2{\mu}g$ of protein per well and a 1 : 100 dilution of standard serum showed low background optical density with negative serum and high P/N values of positive sera. A 1 : 500 dilution of the rabbit anti-chicken IgG peroxidase conjugate produced a high P/N values and thirty minutes was chosen as suitable time to read the optical density of the enzyme substrate reaction and optical density was consistent during the 16 hours after stopper was treated. When coated antigen was kept on microplate for varying time up to 16 hours at $4^{\circ}C$ or $37^{\circ}C,$ no significant difference was observed between the treatment. The coated antigen could be kept without change of antigenicity for at least one month at $-70^{\circ}C,\; -20^{\circ}C,\; 4^{\circ}C$ and room temperature. When blocking buffer contanining bovine serum albumin was mixed directly with conjugate and serum at 10% level induced higher P/N values compared to blocking antigen coated microplate with the same blocking buffer. The coefficience of correlation between ELISA and SN test was 0.577. When antibody response of chickens, vaccinated with ILTV, was examined by ELISA and SN test, antibody rising and decay pattern between the two test was similar until 11 weeks of age. However 12 weeks onward antibody titer checked on by SN test was slightly lower than that tested by ELISA.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.170-180
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• 2009

Objectives : To assess clinical improvement and change in plasma brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF) level after repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation(rTMS) in patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia. Methods : Seven patients with DSM-IV schizophrenia, who were proven to be treatment-resistant, were treated with 15 sessions of rTMS for three weeks as an adjuvant therapy to antipsychotic treatment. Clinical improvement and change in plasma BDNF level were measured after the treatment period. The symptom severity was assessed with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS) and the Korean Version of Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia(K-CDSS) at baseline and 7 days after the treatment. Plasma BDNF level was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) at baseline and 7 days after the treatment. Results : After the rTMS treatment, there was no significant improvement in PANSS total score(Z=-1.693, p=0.090) and no significant change in plasma BDNF was found(Z=-1.183, p=0.237). Negative correlations were found between percentage change in PANSS positive subscale score and duration of illness(rho=-0.991, N=7, p<0.0005, two-tailed), and PANSS negative subscale score at baseline and percentage change in plasma BDNF level(rho=-0.821, N=7, p=0.023, two-tailed). Conclusion : This preliminary study suggests that rTMS didn't make a significant change in clinical symptoms nor in plasma BDNF level in treatment-resistant schizophrenia. Percentage change in plasma BDNF, however, might be correlated with treatment resistance in schizophrenic patients. This is a pilot study with a small sample size, therefore, a further study with a larger sample size is needed.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.313-320
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• 2012

For the preparation of hardened films which can be applied as a binder for flame-resistant materials such as silica, linseed oil was subjected to a low temperature plasma treatment with argon, or oxygen gas. The film was produced much faster than so-called drying of oil in air. The SEM analysis for silica particles embedded in the hardened film after plasma treatment showed that the silica particles were immobilized on substrate and were evenly dispersed. The FT-IR spectral analysis for the plasma-treated linseed oil films demonstrated that the radicals which were formed during the plasma treatments caused the linseed oil to be cross-linked, and the plasmas attacked carbon chains of the oil randomly without focusing on specific vulnerable bonds such carbon double and carbonyl bonds intensively unless exposure times of the plasmas were prolonged too much, while the cross-linking of the air-dried film was considered to occur at the well-known typical sites, i.e., carbon-carbon double bond and ${\alpha}$-methylene carbon. Burning times, as a measure of flame/fire resistance, of silica-filled cellulose substrates, increased with increasing contents of silica.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.2989-2993
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• 2016

The commonest cancer in Egyptian females occurs in the breast cfDNA is a non-invasive marker for tumor detetion and prognostic assessment in many types of cancer including breast cancer. This study aimed to assess the role of cfDNA and its fragmentation pattern in breast cancer prognosis and treatment response. Forty female patients with malignant breast tumors and a comparable group of healthy blood donors were enrolled prospectively. cfDNA levels and fragmentation patterns were investigated after cfDNA extraction, gel electrophoresis and gel analysis. The percentage of breast cancer patients positive for cfDNA (92.5%) was significantly higher than that of controls (55%). Also, mean concentration of cfDNA was significantly higher than in the control group (P<0.05). Most Her-2 positive patients had long cfDNA fragments, this being significant as compared to Her-2 negative patients (P<0.05). Metastasis was also positively linked to significantly higher cfDNA (P<0.05) and the mean cfDNA integrity index was significantly higher in non-responders compared to treatment responders (P<0.05). In conclusion, both qualitative and quantitative aspects of cfDNA and its different fragments in breast cancer patients could be related to prognosis, metastasis and treatment response. Long cfDNA fragments could be particularly useful for prediction purposes.

• Journal of Information Display
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.16-18
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• 2005

Hybrid insulator pentacene thin film transistors (TFTs) are fabricated with thermally grown oxide and cross-linked polyvinylalcohol (PVA) including surface treatment by dilute ploymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) layer on $n^+$ doped silicon wafer. Through the optimization of $SiO_2$ layer thickness in hybrid insulator structure, carrier mobility is increased to more than 35 times than that of the TFT which has only a gate insulator of $SiO_2$ at the same electric field. The carrier mobility of $1.80cm^2$/V-s, subthreshold swing of 1.81 V/decade, and $I_{on}/I_{off}$ current ratio> $1.10{\times}10^5$ are obtained less than -30 V bias condition. The result is one of the best reported performances of pentacene TFTs with hybrid insulator including cross-linked PVA layer as a gate insulator at relatively low voltage operation.

• BMB Reports
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• v.49 no.6
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• pp.331-336
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• 2016

In murine collagen-induced arthritis (CIA), self-reactive T cells can recognize peptide antigens derived from type-II collagen (CII). Activation of T cells is an important mediator of autoimmune diseases. Thus, T cells have become a focal point of study to treat autoimmune diseases. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of recombinant MHC class II molecules in the regulation of antigen-specific T cells by using a self peptide derived from CII (CII260-274; IAGFKGEQGPKGEPG) linked to mouseI-A^q in a murine CIA model. We found that recombinant I-A^q/CII260-274 molecules could be recognized by CII-specific T cells and inhibit the same T cells in vitro. Furthermore, the development of CIA in mice was successfully prevented by in vivo injection of recombinant I-A^q/CII260-274 molecules. Thus, treatment with recombinant soluble MHC class II molecules in complex with an immunodominant self-peptide might offer a potential therapeutic for chronic inflammation in autoimmune disease such as rheumatoid arthritis.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.9 no.1_2
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• pp.1-8
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• 1994

Nerve conduction impairment in lead neuropathy has been empirically linked to altered nerve myo-inositol metabolism. In most cases of neuropathy, abnormal myo-inositol metabolism is associated with abnormal $Na^+/K^+$ATPase provides a potential mechanism to relate defects of the myo-inositol metabolism in the peripheral nerve treated with lead. Therefore, the effect of lead on the rat sciatic nerve $Na^+/K^+$ATPase and other ATPase of sciatic nerve was studied. ATPase activity was measured enzymatically in sciatic nerve homogenates from 2-wk lead treated neuropathy rats and age-mached controls administered myo-inositol. $Na^+/K^+$ATPase components were assessed by ouabain inhibition or the omission of sodium and potassium ions. Lead reduced 50% reduction in the $Na^+/K^+$ATPase activity in homogenates of sciatic nerve. The 50% reduction in the $Na^+/K^+$ ATPase activity was selectively prevented by myo-inositol treatment. This study suggests that the toxic mechanism of the lead on peripheral nerve may be through reduction in $Na^+/K^+$ATPase activity which has been linked to axonal transport slowing in the rat model of lead neuropathy, via direct changes by the perturbation of the intracelluar sodium or potasium level.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.34-40
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• 2009

The glycosylation of therapeutic glycoproteins can affect their efficacy, stability, solubility, and half-life. Analyzing the composition of monosaccharides, such as that of neutral and amino sugars, is the first step for elucidating the structure of glycan attached to glycoproteins. In the present study, neutral and amino sugars of lectin obtained from Maackia fauriei were analyzed using an enzyme-linked lectinsorbent assay (ELLA) and high-performance anion exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC-PAD). Peroxidase-labeled lectins such as concanavalin A, Ricinus communis agglutinin, and soybean agglutinin were used for ELLA, since they specifically bind to the monosaccharide residue most frequently encountered in a glycan. The hydrosylate of lectin was prepared by treatment with trifluoroacetic acid, which resulted in the lectin mainly possessing the N-glycan consisting of 98.1 pmol Fuc, 342.1 pmol GlcN, 51.9 pmol Gal, 678.9 pmol Man, and 330.7 pmol Xyl. The present results demonstrate that ELLA and HPAEC-PAD are very effective methods for rapidly estimating the types and relative amounts of monosaccharides in intact glycoproteins.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.07b
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• pp.1291-1293
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• 2005

Hybrid insulator pentacene thin film transistors (TFTs) were fabricated with thermally grown oxide and cross-linked polyvinylalcohol (PVA) including surface treatment by dilute ploymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) layers on $n^+$ doped silicon wafer. Through the optimization of $SiO_2$ layer thickness in hybrid insulator structure, carrier mobility was increased to above 35 times than that of the TFT only with the gate insulator of $SiO_2$ at the same transverse electric field. The carrier mobility of 1.80 $cm^2$/V-s, subthreshold swing of 1.81 V/decade, and $I_{on}$/ $I_{off}$ current ratio > 1.10 × $10^5$ were obtained at low bias (less than -30 V) condition. The result is one of the best reported performances of pentacne TFTs with hybrid insulator including cross-linked PVA material at low voltage operation.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.96-101
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• 1991

Phenotypic changes after plasmid curing experiment suggested that the bacteriocin production phenotype ($Bac^{+}$) might be linked to a chromosomal DNA and the mucin production phenotype ($Muc^{+}$) might be linked to a 62.5 kilobase (kb) plasmid (pMUC62) in Lactobacillus plantarum 27 isolated from meat starter culture. The non-mucoid ($Muc^{-}$) variants were missing pMUC62 but they produced bacteriocin as the wild strain ($Bac^{+}$). There was no difference in antibiotic resistance and sugar fermentation patterns between the wild strain ($Bac^{+}$ $Muc^{+}$) and the nonmucoid ($Bac^{+}$ $Muc^{-}$) variants. Antimicrobial spectrum of bacteriocin produced by both wild strain and $Muc^{-}$ variant of Lb. plantarum 27 included strains of Pediococcus acidilactici (A, M, H), Pediococcus sp. isolated from meat, Lactobacillus sp. isolated from meat, Lb. plantarum NCDO 955 and Staphylococcus aureus 485. Neither of the tested Gram negative bacteria were inhibited by bacteriocin. Antimicrobial activity of crude bacteriocin was retained after autoclaving, DNase or catalase treatment and exposure from pHs 4 to 9 but was lost after treating with several proteolytic enzymes and exposure at pH 10.