• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.58 no.4
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• pp.837-851
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• 2021

Let R ⊆ L ⊆ S be ring extensions. Two star operations ${\ast}_1{\in}Star(R,S)$, ${\ast}_2{\in}Star(L,S)$ are said to be linked if whenever $A^{{\ast}_1}= R^{{\ast}_1}$ for some finitely generated S-regular R-submodule A of S, then $(AL)^{{\ast}_2}=L^{{\ast}_2}$. We study properties of linked star operations; especially when ${\ast}_1$ and ${\ast}_2$ are strict star operations. We introduce the notion of Prüfer star multiplication extension ($P{\ast}ME$) and we show that under appropriate conditions, if the extension R ⊆ S is $P{\ast}_1ME$ and ${\ast}_1$ is linked to ${\ast}_2$, then L ⊆ S is $P{\ast}_2ME$.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.59 no.3
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• pp.725-743
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• 2022

In this paper, the concepts of ω-linked homomorphisms, the ω_𝜙-operation, and DW_𝜙 rings are introduced. Also the relationships between ω_𝜙-ideals and ω-ideals over a ω-linked homomorphism 𝜙 : R → T are discussed. More precisely, it is shown that every ω_𝜙-ideal of T is a ω-ideal of T. Besides, it is shown that if T is not a DW_𝜙 ring, then T must have an infinite number of maximal ω_𝜙-ideals. Finally we give an application of Cohen's Theorem over ω-factor rings, namely it is shown that an integral domain R is an SM-domain with ω-dim(R) ≤ 1, if and only if for any nonzero ω-ideal I of R, (R/I)_ω is an Artinian ring, if and only if for any nonzero element α ∈ R, (R/(a))_ω is an Artinian ring, if and only if for any nonzero element α ∈ R, R satisfies the descending chain condition on ω-ideals of R containing a.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2015.10a
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• pp.232-235
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• 2015

Defect data contains experiential knowledge about specific work conditions. And the number of projects performed by a company is too limited for an individual to experience the various defects under the current complex construction environment. Therefore, in order to manage and prevent a reoccurrence of defects, a proper data feedback mechanism is required. However, most defect data are stored in unstructured ways, resulting in the fundamental problem of data utilization. In this paper, a new framework is proposed by using linked data technologies to improve defect data utilization. The target of this framework is to convert defect data to the ontology-based linked data format for sharing defect data from different data sources. To demonstrate it, some technical solutions are implemented by using real cases. The proposed approach can reduce data search time and improve the accuracy of search results as well. Moreover, the proposed approach can be applied to other domains that need to refer to external sources such as safety, specification, product, and regulation.

• Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.31-39
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• 2019

The early detection of early gastric cancer (EGC) is important. However, the sensitivity of conventional white light imaging (WLI) in detecting EGC had been reported to range only from 77% to 84%. Although the resolution of endoscopes has been remarkably developed, precancerous lesions such as adenomas and microscopic early cancers are difficult to diagnose with general endoscopy. Linked Color Imaging (LCI) magnifies the differences in color for easy detection. Therefore, it produces a bright image from a distance and is performed for screening endoscopy. The 410 nm wavelength of BLI (Blue Light Imaging) helps to detect cancer by showing microstructure and microvessels in the mucosal superficial layer. This review will focus on the utility of Image enhanced endoscopy (IEE) techniques in diagnosis of gastrointestinal cancer.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.34 no.7
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• pp.2187-2190
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• 2013

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.10
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• pp.89-96
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• 2020

Linked Data allows structured data to be published in a standard way that datasets from various domains can be interlinked. With the rapid evolution of Linked Open Data(LOD), researchers are exploiting it to solve particular problems such as semantic similarity assessment. In this paper, we propose a method, on top of the basic concept of Linked Data Semantic Distance (LDSD), for calculating the Linked Data semantic distance between resources that can be used in the LOD-based recommender system. The semantic distance measurement model proposed in this paper is based on a similarity measurement that combines the LOD-based semantic distance and a new link weight using TF-IDF, which is well known in the field of information retrieval. In order to verify the effectiveness of this paper's approach, performance was evaluated in the context of an LOD-based recommendation system using mixed data of DBpedia and MovieLens. Experimental results show that the proposed method shows higher accuracy compared to other similar methods. In addition, it contributed to the improvement of the accuracy of the recommender system by expanding the range of semantic distance calculation.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.723-731
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• 2006

Purpose: Collagen is the principal structural biomolecule in cartilage extracellular matrix, which makes it a logical target for cartilage engineering. In this study, porous type I collagen scaffolds were cross-linked using dehydrothermal(DHT) treatment and/or 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethyl aminopropyl) carbodiimide(EDC), in the presence and absence of chondroitin-6-sulfate(CS) for cartilage regeneration. Methods: Cartilage defects were created in the proximal part of the ear of New Zealand rabbits. Four types of scaffolds(n=4) were inserted. The types included DHT cross-linked(Group 1), DHT and EDC cross- linked(Group 2), CS added DHT cross-linked(Group 3), and CS added DHT and EDC cross-linked(Group 4). Histomorphometric analysis and cartilage-specific gene expression of the reconstructed tissues were evaluated respectively 4, 8, and 12 weeks after implantation. Results: The largest quantity of regenerated cartilage was found in DHT cross-linked groups 1 and 3 in the 8th week and then decreased in the 12th week, while calcification increased. Calcification was observed from the 8th week and the area increased in the 12th week. Group 4 was treated with EDC cross-linking and CS, and the matrix did not degrade in the 12th week. Cartilage-specific type II collagen mRNA expression increased with time in all groups. Conclusion: CS did not increase chondrogenesis in all groups. EDC cross-linking may prevent chondrocyte infiltration from the perichondrium into the collagen scaffold.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.259-284
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• 2013

Public information has been collected in various fields with huge costs in order to serve public purposes such as public agencies' policy-making. However, the collected public information has been overlooked as silos. In korea, many attempts have been made to open the public information to the public only to result in limited extent, where OpenAPI data is being presented by some agencies. Recently, at the national level, the LOD(Linking Open Data) project has built the national DB, initiating the ground on which the linked data will be based for their active availability. This study has outlined overall problems in earlier projects which have built up national linking systems based on linked data for public data use. A possible solution has been proposed with a real experience of having set up an existing national DB of Korean public agencies.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.224-231
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• 2006

agents used for enhancing mechanical properties of porous natural scaffolds, reduces biocompatability of the scaffolds, due to their inherent cytotoxicity. In this study, scaffolds which was composed of chitosan, alginate and gelatin were cross-linked by using heat treatment instead of cross-linking agent and mechanical properties of the cross-linked scaffold were investigated. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis confirmed that cross-linking of heat-treated scaffold was formed via amide or ester linkage between the polymer chains. The heat-treated scaffold had interconnected pores with mean diameter of 100~200 m and showed more than two fold increase of water uptake in comparison with chemically cross-linked scaffold. Tensile strength of the heat-treated scaffold increased up to 130% compared to non cross-linked scaffold and average maximum elongation was 11.3%. The porous cross-linked scaffold with the improved mechanical property may be suitable as a biocompatable scaffold for tissue engineering.

• Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
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• v.12 no.4 s.37
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• pp.359-363
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• 2005

The organic insulation devices with MIM (metal-insulator-metal) structures as PVP gate insulation films were prepared for the application of organic thin film transistors (OTFT). The co-polymer organic insulation films were synthesized by using PVP(poly-4-vinylphenol) as solute and PGMEA (propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate) as solvent. The cross-linked PVP insulation films were also prepared by addition of poly (melamine-co-formaldehyde) as thermal hardener. The leakage current of the cross-linked PVP films was found to be about 300 pA with low current noise. and showed better property in electrical properties as compared with the co-polymer PVP insulation films. In addition, cross-linked PVP insulation films showed better surface morphology (roughness), showing about 0.11${\~}$0.18 nF in capacitance for all PVP film samples.