• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.24-31
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• 2001

The medicinal constituents contained in Cinidil Rhizoma and Angelicae Radix cultivated in Korea and China, were compared by confirming their qualities. From Cinidil Rhizoma and Angelicae Radix cultivated in Korea and China, butyl phthalide, senkyunolide, and ligustilide etc. phthalides were identified by GC/CMS analysis. Through GC/FID analysis, the senkyunolide content of Cinidil Rhizoma cultivated in Korea was similar to that cultivated in China. The ligustilide content of Ciniail Rhizoma cultivated in Korea was more than that cultivated in China, except for one cultivated at Ankuk province. In the case of Angelicae Radix, the ligustilide content of that cultivated in Korea was more than one cultivated at Yeungil province in China. As for quality, Cinidil Rhizoma and Angelicae Radix cultivated in Korea were better than those cultivated in China since Chinese products possessed more butilidene phthalide photo-decomposed from ligustilide, caused by long storage during the circulation processes, than that of the domestic products.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.57-68
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• 1992

The effects of various kind and amount of nitrogen fertilizers on the plant grorth. physiological , yield and extracts. ligustilide, butylidene phthalide contents of curdsdrug "Tou-ki" (AnTelica acutiloba Kitagawa) were investigated in 1989. Five plots variouskind of nitrogen fertilizers. Namely, no nitrogen, urea. ammonium nitrate, ammoniumchloride and control plot of ammonium sulfate. The other, by providing five plotsdifferent composed ratio of nitrogenous fertilizers. containing no nitrogen (No. o) .0.5-fold nitrogen (No s), control plot of 1.0-fold nitrogen(Nl.o). 1.5-fold nitrogen(Nl s)and 2.0-fold nitrogen Na. o), but nitogen was used the ammonium sulfate. The results showedthat the crude drug "Tou-ki" can ammonium chloride be produced in good yield, displayingboth good plant growth and remarkable physiologically-active conditions, and it can beproduced such that the extracts is maximized. Additionally, using methods of gaschromatography (GC) , it was established that ligustilide and butylidene phthalide, majorcomponents in the crude drug was recovered in a good yield from the fully grown plants.The other, the plant growth, the physiologically-active, the weight of whole plant, theyield of extracts and ligustilide, butylidene phthalide were seen to be best at the plotof 2.0-fold nitrogen and according to the increase or decrease of nitrogen decreasedgradually. Therefore. about 2 fold of standard quantity seems to be the most suitablequantity of nitrogen for "Tou-ki" cultivation .uot;Tou-ki" cultivation .ion .

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.193-198
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• 2017

Scutellaria baicalensis, Eleutherococcus senticosus, and Angelica sinensis have been used as raw materials for health functional foods. This study was conducted to develop a novel method to analyze levels of baicalin (Scutellaria baicalensis), eleutheroside E (Eleutherococcus senticosus), and ligustilide (Angelica sinensis) simultaneously in health functional foods. The methanol extracted samples were analyzed and quantified via liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in the positive ion mode and the negative ion mode using multiple reaction monitoring. Standard calibration curves confirmed linearity with the correlation coefficient ($r^2$) of > 0.99 at $100-2000{\mu}g/mL$ concentration range. The limits of detection (LODs) and limits of quantitation (LOQs) were in the range of $13.0{\sim}35.2{\mu}g/L$ and $39.3{\sim}106.7{\mu}g/L$, respectively. The recovery results ranged between 91.4~109.9% at 3 different concentration levels with relative standard deviations (RSDs) less than 5%. The proposed analytical method was characterized with high accuracy and acceptable precision. The new method would be an effective tool to analyze baicalin, eleutheroside E, and ligustilide simultaneously in raw materials of health functional foods.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.259-264
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• 2010

The essential oil fraction was obtained from the underground parts o of Ligusticum chuanxiong (Umbelliferae) by steam distillation, and its main components, Z-ligustilide and butylidene phthalide, were isolated by column chromatography. Its essential oil fraction and the isolated main components were examined for effects on their anti-inflammatory properties in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells to develop a new natural anti-inflammatory drug. The results showed that the L. chuanxiong essential oil fraction and its main components, Z-ligustilide and butylidene phthalide, inhibited the production of nitric oxide significantly in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated RAW 264.7 cells. LPS-induced interleukin-$1{\beta}$ (IL-$1{\beta}$), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-$\alpha$) production was also decreased in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, western blot analysis revealed that the L. chuanxiong essential oil fraction and also its main components, Z-ligustilide, and butylidene phthalide reduced the expression levels of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS).

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.168-172
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• 2008

The root of Angelica tenuissima Nakai (Umbelliferae) has been used in traditional medicines of Korea as a headache, common cold and a fever remedy. A. tenuissima contains ferulic acid and various compounds of essential oil group such as limonene, 3-butylidenephthalide, ${\gamma}$-terpinene, neocnidilide, ligustilide, senkyunolide and neocnidilide. This study carried out to compare the contents of ferulic acid, z-ligustilide and n-butylidenephthalide between native and cultivated species of A. tenuissima by HPLC. The average contents of ferulic acid, z-ligustilide and n-butylidenephthalide indicated that native species (9 samples) were 0.060%, 0.616%, 0.025% and cultivated species (15 samples) were 0.037%, 0.141%, 0.029%, respectively. All samples were collected from different places in Korea.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.69-73
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• 1990

Cnidium Rhizome(Chuan-Xing) used as sedatives, the treatment of anemia, woman's disease and ozena etc. has been one of the important oriental medicines. This paper deals with a comparison of butylidene phthalide and ligustilide as main components between rhizome of Conioselinum sp. and rhizome of Cnidium officinale by HPLC. The contents of butylidene phthalide in rhizome of Conioselinum sp. and rhizome of Cnidium officinale were found to be 0.083%, 0.067% and that of ligustilide to be 0.304%, 0.272% respectively.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.28 no.7
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• pp.1061-1067
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• 2018

The anti-melanogenic effects of the extract of Angelica tenuissima (AT) root and the extract of AT root fermented by Aspergillus oryzae (FAT) were investigated. These effects were determined by measuring the inhibitory activity of AT and FAT on melanin production in B16F10 melanocytes and with in vitro tyrosinase activity assays. The AT extract inhibited melanin production at concentrations above $250{\mu}g/ml$, and this inhibitory effect was significantly enhanced by the fermentation process with A. oryzae. HPLC analysis resulted in the isolation of two active compounds from both the AT and FAT extracts. Their chemical structures were identified as decursin and Z-ligustilide through comparison with previously reported NMR data. The decursin and Z-ligustilide contents were increased in the FAT extract and could be responsible for its enhanced inhibitory effects on melanin production and tyrosinase activity compared with that of the AT extract.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.93-108
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• 2011

Objectives : Angelica sinensis has been used extensively in Korean traditional medicine. Although thorough clinical trials are lacking, Various pharmacological actions for Angelica sinensis has been identified newly using animal models. In addition, it was reported that reactive intermediates, potentially causing toxic effects, was isolated from components in Angelica sinensis. In this article, it was purposed for explanation and introduction of new studies for Angelica sinensis. in terms of Pharmacological action and Toxicity. Methods : New studies for Angelica sinensis were reviewed and summarized in terms of pharmacological action and toxicity. Results and Conclusions : Angelica sinensis and its components including phthalide, phthalide dimers, polysaccharides, polyacetylenes, ligustilide와 butylidenephthalide as well as organic acid showed a variety of pharmacological actions on uterine, cardiovascular system and immune system. In addition, it was identified that three components of such as ligustilide, caffeic acid and safrole was biotransformed to reactive intermediates causing possibly toxicity.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.189-193
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• 1997

Major separation for the active ingredients and structural identification were performed in order for qualitative and quantitative analysis on Ligustici rhizoma or Angelicae tenuissimae Radix as an oriental herbal medicine for anodyne. The structure, composition and contents of ingredients for essential oil were determined by means of GC/MS. Several Angelicae tenuissimae Radix harvested in Korea were extracted, which has shown the higher crude content compared to that from China. The major component in Angelcae tenuissimae Radix extract was found to be Z-ligustilide (70-80%), which is very different from that in Ligustici rhizoma of which major component is proven to be senkyunolide (39%) with GC/MS.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.121-125
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• 1990

Essential oil of the root of Angelica dahurica Benth et Hook(Umbelliferae) was investigated. Essential oil was obtained from the dried roots by steam distillation and fractionated by column chromatography. Each isolate or fraction was identified by GC, GC-MS and spectral analysis. It was found to contain eleven monoterpenes such as ${\alpha}-pinene(4.74%),\;campben, {\beta}-pinene,\;myrcene,\;{\alpha}-phellandrene,\;{\delta}-3-carene(39.4%),\;{\alpha}-terpinene,\;{\rho}-cymene,\;{\beta}-phellandrene,\;{\alpha}-terpinene,\;terpinolene\;and\;also\;found\;to\;contain\;4-vinylguaiacol,\;iso-elemicin,\;{\beta}-elemene$, caryophyllene, ligustilide, osthol and seven tentatively identified sesquiterpenes.