• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.2569-2574
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• 2010

In this paper, we introduce an efficient energy management using a notion of virtual energy system for shared solar-powered sensor network. Virtual energy system is an abstraction that allows sensor network applications on a node to reserve their own fractions of the shared solar cell and the shared rechargeable battery, hence achieving logically partition of a shared renewable power source. Our results show that our design and implementation are reliable, lightweight and efficient, allowing proper isolation of energy consumption among applications.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.12 no.8
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• pp.3946-3965
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• 2018

Network anomaly detection in Software Defined Networking, especially the detection of DDoS attack, has been given great attention in recent years. It is convenient to build the Traffic Matrix from a global view in SDN. However, the monitoring and management of high-volume feature-rich traffic in large networks brings significant challenges. In this paper, we propose a moving window Principal Components Analysis based anomaly detection and mitigation approach to map data onto a low-dimensional subspace and keep monitoring the network state in real-time. Once the anomaly is detected, the controller will install the defense flow table rules onto the corresponding data plane switches to mitigate the attack. Furthermore, we evaluate our approach with experiments. The Receiver Operating Characteristic curves show that our approach performs well in both detection probability and false alarm probability compared with the entropy-based approach. In addition, the mitigation effect is impressive that our approach can prevent most of the attacking traffic. At last, we evaluate the overhead of the system, including the detection delay and utilization of CPU, which is not excessive. Our anomaly detection approach is lightweight and effective.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.57-64
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• 2012

The existing protocols proposed in network mobility (NEMO) environment can require many computational costs and can bring about a delay of binding update. To solve these problems, in this paper we propose an authentication protocol supporting secure seamless handover in NEMO environment. The proposed protocol can handle quickly mutual authentication between a mobile router (MR) and an access router (AR), which uses group key among ARs and a master key (MK) issuing from key issuing server (KIS) for reducing the time of binding update as much as possible. In performance, the proposed protocol can process quickly binding update with little computational cost comparison with the existing binding update protocols and it results in robustness against existing attacks.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.12spc
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• pp.375-382
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• 2021

The paper introduces a model for evaluating and prioritizing mobile quality attributes and refactoring techniques through the examination of their effectiveness during the mobile application development process. The astonishing evolution of software and hardware has increased the demand for techniques and best practices to overcome the many challenges related to mobile devices, such as those concerning device storage, network bandwidth, and energy consumption. A number of studies have investigated the influence of refactoring, leading to the enhancement of mobile applications and the overcoming of code issues as well as hardware issues. Furthermore, rapid and continuous mobile developments make it necessary for teams to apply effective techniques to produce reliable mobile applications and reduce time to market. Thus, we investigated the influence of various refactoring techniques on mobile applications to understand their effectiveness in terms of quality attributes. First, we extracted the most important mobile refactoring techniques and a set of quality attributes from the literature. Then, mobile application developers from nine mobile application teams were recruited to evaluate and prioritize these quality attributes and refactoring techniques for their projects. A prioritization-based model is examined that integrates the lightweight multi-criteria decision making method, called the best-worst method, with the process of refactoring within mobile applications. The results prove the applicability and suitability of adopting the model for the mobile development process in order to expedite application production while using well-defined procedures to select the best refactoring techniques. Finally, a variety of quality attributes are shown to be influenced by the adoption of various refactoring techniques.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.1-8
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• 2022

The message propagation between vehicles must be efficiently performed to quickly transmit information between vehicles in vehicle ad hoc networks (VANETs). Broadcasting can be the most effective solution for propagating these messages. However, broadcasting can cause broadcast storm problems, which can reduce the performance of the overall network. Therefore, rapid information delivery in VANET requires a method that can propagate messages quickly without causing the broadcast storm problems. This paper proposes a lightweight and opportunistic broadcast (LOB) protocol that leverages the features of opportunistic routing to propagate messages quickly while minimizing the load on the network in VANETs where the network topology changes frequently. LOB does not require any routing information like greedy forwarding scheme, and neighboring nodes at the farthest distance within the range of transmission nodes are likely to be selected as forwarding nodes, and multiple forwarding candidate nodes like opportunistic routing scheme can increase packet transmission rates. Simulation results using ns-2 showed that LOB outperformed existing broadcast protocols in terms of packet rate and packet delay.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.169-176
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• 2023

The vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) is currently an important approach to improve personal safety and driving comfort. ANEL is a MAC-based authentication scheme that offers all the advantages of MAC-based authentication schemes and overcomes all their limitations at the same time. In addition, the given scheme, ANEL, can achieve the security objectives such as authentication, privacy preservation, non-repudiation, etc. In addition, our scheme provides effective bio-password login, system key update, bio-password update, and other security services. Additionally, in the proposed scheme, the Trusted Authority (TA) can disclose the source driver and vehicle of each malicious message. The heavy traffic congestion increases the number of messages transmitted, some of which need to be secretly transmitted between vehicles. Therefore, ANEL requires lightweight mechanisms to overcome security challenges. To ensure security in our ANEL scheme we can use cryptographic techniques such as elliptic curve technique, session key technique, shared key technique and message authentication code technique. This article proposes a new efficient and light authentication scheme (ANEL) which consists in the protection of texts transmitted between vehicles in order not to allow a third party to know the context of the information. A detail of the mapping from text passing to elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) to the inverse mapping operation is covered in detail. Finally, an example of application of the proposed steps with an illustration

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.1-8
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• 2007

The Mobile Ad-hoc network does environmental information which an individual collects in nodes which are many as the kernel of the USN technology based on the radio communication. And it is the latest network description delivering critical data to the destination location desiring through a multi-hop. Recently, the Ad-hoc network relative technique development and service are activated. But the security function implementation including an authentication and encoding about the transmitted packets, and etc, is wirelessly the insufficient situation on the Ad-hoc network. This paper provides the security service of key exchange, key management. entity authentication, data enciphering, and etc on the Mobile Ad-hoc network. It implements with the Ad-hoc network security management server system design which processes the security protocol specialized in the Ad-hoc network and which it manages.

• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.11-17
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• 2023

This paper proposes a lightweight deep learning network for detecting an image splicing forgery. The research on image forgery detection using CNN, a deep learning network, and research on detecting and localizing forgery in pixel units are in progress. Among them, CAT-Net, which learns the discrete cosine transform coefficients of images together with images, was released in 2022. The DCT coefficients presented by CAT-Net are combined with the JPEG artifact learning module and the backbone model as pre-learning, and the weights are fixed. The dataset used for pre-training is not included in the public dataset, and the backbone model has a relatively large number of network parameters, which causes overfitting in a small dataset, hindering generalization performance. In this paper, this learning module is designed to learn the characterization depending on the DCT domain in real-time during network training without pre-training. The DCT RRU-Net proposed in this paper is a network that combines RRU-Net which detects forgery by learning only images and JPEG artifact learning module. It is confirmed that the network parameters are less than those of CAT-Net, the detection performance of forgery is better than that of RRU-Net, and the generalization performance for various datasets improves through the network architecture and training method of DCT RRU-Net.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.107-123
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• 2013

In a wireless sensor network environment, it is required to ensure anonymity by keeping sensor nodes' identifiers not being revealed and to support real-time authentication, lightweight authentication and synchronization. In particular, there exist possibilities of location information leakage by others, privacy interference and security vulnerability when it comes to wireless telecommunications. Anonymity has been an importance issue in wired and wireless network environment, so that it has been studied in wide range. The sensor nodes are interconnected among them based on wireless network. In terms of the sensor node, the researchers have been emphasizing on its calculating performance limit, storage device limit, and smaller power source. To improve of biometric-based D. He scheme, this study proposes a real-time authentication protocol using Unique Random Sequence Code(URSC) and variable identifier for enhancing network performance and retaining anonymity provision.

• Journal of Korean Association for Spatial Structures
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.47-58
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• 2016

Cable network system is a flexible lightweight structure which curved cables can transmit only tensile forces. The weight of cable roof dramatically can reduce when the length becomes large. The cable network system is too flexible, most cable systems are stabilized by pretension forces. The tensile force of cable system is greatly influenced by the sag ratio and pretension forces. Determining initial sag ratio of cable roof system is essential in a design process of cable structures. Final sag ratio and pretension depends on initial installed sag and on proper handling during installation. The design shape of cable system has an affect on the sag and pretension, and must be determined using well-defined design philosophy. This paper is carried out the comparative data of the deflection and tensile forces on the geometric non-linear analysis of cable network systems according to sag ratio. The study of cable network system is provided to technical informations for the design of a large span cable roof, analytical results are compared with the results of other researchers. Structural nonlinear analysis of systems having cable elements is relatively complex than other rigid structural systems because displacements are large as a reason of flexibility, initial prestress is applied to cables in order to increase the rigidity, and then divergence of nonlinear analysis occurs rather frequently. Therefore, cable network systems do not exhibit a typical nonlinear behavior, iterative method that can handle geometric nonlinearities are necessary.