• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1996년도 하계학술대회 논문집 C
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• pp.1864-1866
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• 1996

Grounding is the art of making an electrical connection to the earth. In order to protect man, electrical and/or electric equipments from the lightning strokes, all the energy of lightning strokes must be diverted via a safe path to earth. It is essential to the transient grounding resistance against lightning strokes. In this paper, measurements and analyses of grounding surge impedance have been investigated. For measurements of grounding surge impedance the pulse generator was designed and fabricated. The pulse generator has rise time of 22.4 ns and pulse duration of $8\;{\mu}s$. The transient grounding resistance has been measuring by injecting low power and step current between the earthing system under test and a remote reference earth and measuring the potential rise caused by this current. As a result, the transient grounding resistance against lightning surge in the short time domain is much higher than steady state grounding resistance.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2002년도 춘계학술대회 논문집 유기절연재료 전자세라믹 방전플라즈마 일렉트렛트 및 응용기술
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• pp.127-131
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• 2002

The surge protector is crucial power apparatus to guarantee the safe operation of power transmission of underground cable which can effectively restrain the overvoltage and inductive lightning stroke in power system. The surge protector is crucial power apparatus to guarantee the safe operation of power transmission of underground cable which can effectively restrain the overvoltage and inductive lightning stroke in power system. This paper described the results of a study on the performance for surge protector for underground cable. And, the performance of surge protector was evaluated through such as measurement of the reference voltage, residual voltage and impulse current etc. In results of surge protector, reference and residual voltage of ZnO element is 4.75 kV, 9.86 kV respectively. Also, In the impulse current test, thermal properties are good, despite of that polymeric housing of surge protector has thick structure. Therefore the developed surge protector is thought to apply for underground cable.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전력기술부문A
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• 제54권8호
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• pp.410-417
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• 2005

This paper analyses the transient phenomena against single line to ground fault and lightning surge on underground power cable systems. For analysis in various fault conditions, several actual underground power cable systems are modeled using ATP In ground fault, the transient characteristic of the conductor and the sheath according to the fault current and the installation types of CCPU are analysed. In lightning surge strokes, the various unbalanced conditions including the length of crossbonded lead, the breakdown of CCPU and distance unbalance are considered. This paper is expected to contribute the establishment of proper protection methods against transients on underground power cable systems.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.81-87
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• 2015

In order to effectively protect electrical and electronic circuits which are extremely susceptible to lightning surges, multi-stage surge protection circuits are required. This paper presents the operational characteristics of the two-stage hybrid surge protection circuit in extra-low voltage DC power lines. The hybrid surge protective device consists of the gas discharge tube, transient voltage suppressor, and series inductor. The response characteristics of the proposed hybrid surge protective device to combination waves were investigated. As a result, the proposed two-stage surge protective device to combination wave provides the tight clamping level of less than 50V. The firing of the gas discharge tube to lightning surges depends on the de-coupling inductance and the rate-of-change of the current flowing through the transient voltage suppressor. The coordination between the upstream and downstream components of the hybrid surge protective device was satisfactorily achieved. The inductance of a de-coupler in surge protective circuits for low-voltage DC power lines, relative to a resistance, is sufficiently effective. The voltage drop and power loss due to the proposed surge protective device are ignored during normal operation of the systems.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제60권3호
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• pp.492-499
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• 2011

This paper describes that the evaluation on operation practicality of Al conductor cable will be used instead of Cu conductor cable. Analysis is divided into two kinds of cases as transmission and distribution. To evaluate that Al conductor line has the insulation strength indeed safely, various analysis and calculation such as single line-to-ground fault current, lightning surge and allowance current were carried. Model was established based on real combined transmission and distribution is being used in utility with EMTP. The analysis results on Al and Cu conductor line were compared each other. It was proved that Al conductor line can be operated instead of Cu conductor line without special insulation problem in transmission and distribution, in electrical view point such as overvoltage and allowance current.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1997년도 하계학술대회 논문집 E
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• pp.1718-1720
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• 1997

This paper deals with n rise in electric potential of telecommunication line for electric power system by lightning surges. When $1.2/50{\mu}s$ and $8/20{\mu}s$ impulse voltage and current were applied on telecommunication cable, the voltage waveforms at the end terminal and equipment were measured. The telecommunication lines, which consist of 60 conductors and 3.5km in length, have some surge protectors such as preposition lightning arrester and TVSS. In each case, the rise in electric potential was measured for differential mode and common mode, respectively. Also, the rise in ground potential and the induced voltages were measured and analyzed. As a result, a significant rise in ground potential was observed for lightning surge. It can cause failure or malfunction of telecommunication systems.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.93-102
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• 2018

본 논문은 뇌격전류에 따른 저압 배전계통의 전자식 전력량계 및 배전 패널의 통신설비와 전원장치를 보호할 목적으로 사용하는 서지보호장치(SPD)에 관한 것이다. 서지보호장치(SPD)는 접속방식에 따라 1-포트 서지보호장치(SPD)와 감결합 요소를 포함한 2-포트 서지보호장치(SPD)로 구분된다. 뇌격전류에 대한 내부 시스템의 보호는 협조된 서지 보호체계를 이루는 계통적인 접근이 필요하다. 이에 대응하기 위해 이론적인 검토를 통해 피뢰구역(LPZ) 정의에 대한 고찰 및 해석을 진행하였다. 뇌서지에 의한 뇌격전류는 상당히 크기 때문에 하나의 서지보호장치(SPD)로 방호하기에는 한계가 발생하며, 이를 해결하기 위해 다단의 종속적으로 서지보호장치(SPD)를 설치하게 된다. 본 논문에서는 전력계통에 있어 한전계통에 연계되는 Incoming side가 아닌 건물 내에 설치되는 분기형 배전패널 내부의 전자식 전력량계 및 각종 통신(제어)설비를 보호할 목적으로 한전계통이 연계되는 MOF 단에 설치되는 LPZ0에 해당하는 피뢰기(LA, SA)와 보호협조를 이루는 LPZ1과 LPZ2의 경계영역에 설치하는 저압 배전계통용 II등급 서지보호장치(SPD)에 대해 설계를 하였다. 또한 감결합 요소가 없고, 부하 전류를 흘릴 수 있는 직렬 접속 방식의 1-포트 서지보호장치(SPD)에 대한 최적의 설계 방안을 도출하고 실험을 통해 기존의 방식과 비교하여 성능 개선과 관련한 검증을 실시하였다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.47-52
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• 2016

This paper describes the design and fabrication of high frequency ground impedance measuring system for assessment of grounding system for Lightning protection. The ground impedance measuring system has been designed and fabricated which makes it possible to assess the ground impedance by frequency ranges from 100 Hz to 1 MHz. The effective grounding systems having a very low impedance to electromagnetic disturbance such as lightning surges and noises in microelectronics and high-technology branches are strongly required. In order to analyze the dynamic characteristic of grounding system impedances in lightning and surge protection grounding systems, it is highly desirable to assess the ground impedances as a measure of performance of grounding system in which lightning and switching surge currents with fast rise time and high frequency flow. The measuring system is based on the variable frequency power supply and consists of signal circuit part, main control part, data acquisition and processing unit, and voltage and current probe system. The ground impedance measuring system can be used to assess grounding system during occurrence of lightning.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2006년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.736-741
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• 2006

In this study, a ubiquitous sensor for condition monitoring of insulators and lightning arresters installed in power distribution lines and electric traction vehicles is presented. The sensor consists of two parts; a leakage current measurement and a lightning surge detection. Measured data are transmitted to a supervisory computer through ZigBee protocol based on IEEE 802.15.4. To detect leakage current, a window type Mn-ZCT is used and a low-noise amplifier with a gain of 60dB is designed, and this can measure leakage current in ranges of $100{\mu}A{\sim}5mA$. A sample-hold(S/H) and a Rogowski coil are injected to analyze the magnitude of surge current in ranges from 500A to 10kA with $8/20{\mu}s$-waveform.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1997년도 하계학술대회 논문집 E
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• pp.1642-1644
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• 1997

The simulation study of lightning faults reducing effects by the installation of surge arresters on the 154 kV transmission line is stated here. For the purpose of detailed simulation of arcing horn, a flashover model with dynamic characteristics of arcing horn gap was represented as a non-linear inductance which is controlled by EMTP/TACS(Electromagnetic Transient Program/fransient Analysis of Control Systems) switches. The back flashover inducing current was increased from 50 kA to 88 kA by the installation of surge arresters on the transmission line which has one ground wire and 20 ohms of tower footing resistances. The great advantage of surge arrester installation on one circuit of the double circuit transmission line is to prevent the simultaneous back flashover up to 190 kA.