• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.215-225
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• 2017

Kiwifruit is prone to damage by frost in the harvest season and the occurrence of postharvest diseases. Accordingly, new cultivars overcoming these disadvantages have been developed. Compared to existing cultivars, studies on diseases in new cultivars are very limited. Thus, goal of this study was investigation of fungal infection occurrences in new cultivars. Kiwifruit was harvested in 2014 and 2015 year, respectively. In both years, cvs. Goldone and Redvita showed more resistance against fungal infection but cv. Gamrok was more sensitive compared with cv. Hayward. Major fungi were identified as Botryosphaeria dothidea, Phomopsis sp., Alternaria alternata and Nigrospora sp. Firmness and soluble solids content were also influenced by the occurrences. This study's findings are important for providing practical information on new cultivars in the kiwifruit industry.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.1067-1074
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• 2014

Life Cycle Assessment(LCA) has been carried out to evaluate the environmental impacts of glass bottle recycle. The LCA consists of four stages such as Goal and Scope Definition, Life Cycle Inventory(LCI) Analysis, Life Cycle Impact Assessment(LCIA), and Interpretation. The LCI analysis showed that the major input materials were water, materials, sand, and crude oil, whereas the major output ones were wastewater, $CO_2$, and non-hazardous wastes. The LCIA was conducted for the six impact categories including 'Abiotic Resource Depletion', 'Acidification', 'Eutrophication', 'Global Warming', 'Ozone Depletion', and 'Photochemical Oxidant Creation'. As for Abiotic Resource Depletion, Acidification, and Photochemical Oxidant Creation, Bunker fuel oil C and LNG were major effects. As for Eutrophication, electricity and Bunker fuel oil C were major effects. As for Global Warming, electricity and LNG were major effects. As for Ozone Depletion, plate glasses were major effects. Among the six categories, the biggest impact potential was found to be Global Warming as 97% of total, but the rest could be negligible.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.6-14
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• 2007

The objective of this research is to comparative LCA(life cycle assessment) between two different model of Electric Motor Unit(EMU).the environmental impact of Aluminum body Electric Motor Unit(EMU) and Stainless Steel(STS) body Electric Motor Unit(EMU). LCA process consists of four steps which are goal, scope definition, life cycle impact analysis(LCIA) and life cycle interpretation. ISO 14044 provides the LCA standard method which can be conducted by using comparative LCA. From the research it is foung that the Aluminium Body Electric Motor Unit (EMU) is 3.6ton heaver than Stainless Steel(STS) body Electric Motor Unit(EMU). The system boundary of both Electric Motor Unit (EMU) are same life span and travel same distance. These both Electric Motor Unit (EMU) has same kind of environmental impact which is maximum Ozone Depletion(OD). During using period of these two models, the Aluminium Body Electric Motor Unit(EMU) has more global warming(GW) effect but Stainless Steel(STS) body Electric Motor Unit(EMU) has more Ozone Depletion(OD) effect. The above result is obtained by using LCA software PASS verson 3.1.3.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.625-634
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to test the reliability and validity of an MIL instrument for adolescents. Method: The research design was a three-phase, methodological study. 1) The original 46 items of the Meaning in Life (MIL) Scale were reviewed and corrected partially by 20 adolescents. 2) The content was validated by an expert panel (n=15) and adolescents (n=5). 3) The instrument was validated by survey (n=468). Finally, 33 items were chosen for the adolescents meaning in life(AMIL) scale. Results: Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the 33 items was .92, confirming the high internal consistency of the instrument. 2) Eight factors were extracted through factor analysis: 'experience of love', 'making efforts for goal', 'awareness of essential being', 'awareness of self limitation', 'feeling of satisfaction', 'relation experience', 'positive thinking', and 'hope'. These factors explained 58.26% of the total variance. Conclusion: AMIL Scale was identified as a tool with a high degree of reliability and validity. The tool can therefore be effectively utilized to assess the degree of meaning of life in caring areas for adolescents. Studies on AMIL of different adolescent subjects are needed for further verification.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.33-42
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• 1998

This study has been designed to analyze longterm trend of home-ownership probability over the family life cycle. In this study, 633 female household heads were interviewed on their critical life event such as pregnancy, birth or death of households, marriage, and residential movement between 1987 and 1990 in Oxaca, Mexico. The raw data composed of 100,000 lines were transformed into yearly segmented observation data, proposed by Allison. The results are drawn as follws: 1) There is significant effect of marriage cohort on residential mobility and home ownership: couples who married in 1960s are likely to change their residence at early stage of family life than those who married in 1940s. They also have lower probability of home ownership for 10 years after marriage than the other cohorts. 2) Over all the cohorts, it is consistent tendency that probability of home ownership continuously increases over the entire family life cycle for 40 years. 3) Of the logistic regression analysis of home ownership on household socioeconomic variables, the homeownership was positively related with age of marriage and time since marriage, and was negatively related with education of female head. Over in this study, it is proven that home owenership is ultimate goal of most families, and it is a function of family event variables.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.113-119
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• 2014

Recently, the demand on the practical application of life-cycle cost effectiveness for design and rehabilitation of structure is rapidly growing unprecedently in engineering practice. Accordingly, in the 21st century, it is almost obvious that life-cycle cost together with value engineering will become a new paradigm for all engineering decision problems in practice. However, in spite of impressive progress in the researches on the LCC, the most researches have only focused on the Deterministic or Probabilistic LCC analysis approach (Level-1 LCC Model) at design stage. Thus, the goal of this study is to develop a practical and realistic methodology for the Lifetime risk based Life-Cycle Cost (LCC)-effective optimum decision-making at design stage.

• Journal of the Daesoon Academy of Sciences
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• v.34
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• pp.293-321
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• 2020

The value embodied by "Ascending to Heaven and Being an Immortal" (Yuhua Dengxian in Chinese) implies the core gist of Daoist culture as well as its ultimate value. From the perspective of Philology, each word, "Yu", "Hua", "Deng", and "Xian" benefits us through a philosophy of life, learning skills, the pursuit of the mysteries of Daoist immortality, and the ways of life characteristics and spiritual transcendence. "To become an immortal" is becoming adept at life. "Yuhua" refers to learning transcendental skills, and "Deng" expresses the promotion of life. "Ascending to Heaven and Becoming an Immortal" integrates the goal- oriented values of Daoist Culture, learning transcendental skills, and the state of being alive into a unified whole. Namely, it is the perfect combination of an adept's supreme pursuit of value and zenith of life. By way of contrast, in Daesoon Jinrihoe, the concepts of "Daesoon" and "Perfected Unification with the Dao" not only advocate "physical and mental transformation" and "spiritual development" for Dao cohorts, but also personal cultivation and service to society, and participation in "The Creation of an Earthly Paradise." These are unified under the ideal humanistic value of "the earthly paradise of the Later World."

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.64-75
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• 1999

The goals of moral education according to the 7th educational curriculum are (1) to learn the basic life custom and ethical norms necessary to desirable life, (2) to develop the judgment to solve desirably and practically the ethical matters in daily life, (3) to develop the sound citizenship, national identity and consciousness, and the consciousness of world peace and mankind's mutual prosperity, and (4) to develop the ethical propensity to practice the ideal and principle of life systematically Based on the goals in the above, the following can be established as goals of environmental education possible: (1) to learn judgment to solve practically the environmental problems in the society with their ethical understanding, and (2) to recognize that environmental consciousness is the basic necessity of sound citizenship and national identity and consciousness, and mankind's mutual prosperity, and to have attitudes to practice environmental preservation in daily life. Like these, the intellectual aspect, the affective aspect, and the active aspect can be established in the environmental education in the ethics education keeping their balance. In order to achieve its goals, the contents of ethics subject are organized largely with 4 domains: (1) individual life, (2) home life, life with neighbors, and school life, (3) social life, and (4) national life. Among these, environmental education is mainly included in the domain of social life. These contents concerning environmental education take 22 (32.4%) out of the whole 68 teaching factors which are taught in the ethics subject from the 3rd grade to 10th grade. These 22 environmental teaching factors are mainly related to environmental ethics, environmental preservation and measures, and sound consumption life. Classified according to each goal, the environmental contents in the 7th curriculum for ethics subject put emphasis on environmental value and attitudes, action and participation, and information and knowledge. Therefore, the recommendable teaching and learning method for the environmental education in ethics subject is to motivate students' practice or to make them practice in person. For example, role-play model, value-conflict model, group study model can be applied according to the topics of environmental education.

• Journal of vocational education research
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.79-102
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to develop curriculum framework for entrepreneurship development for adolescents. In order to achieve this goal, we studied and developed entrepreneurship semantics, entrepreneurship education, entrepreneurship education, entrepreneurship education contents. This study was developed through Delphi survey. The results of this study were as follows. First, the meaning of entrepreneurship is Innovative mind-set to create true value by experience into life in order to pursue 'self full-filling life' as the organizer of life. Second, the nature of entrepreneurship education for youth is that entrepreneurship education aims to find and solve new problems through self-management to young people who will lead the future, and to create dynamic challenges and creative changes to create innovative values. Leadership skills, challenging spirit, and ability to solve practical problems'. Third, we developed a general goal for youth and elementary, middle and high school goal for entrepreneurship education. Fourth, as a domain of entrepreneurship education, we have developed 'core discovery', 'entrepreneurial skills', 'becoming an entrepreneur' and developed key themes. Based on the results of this study, we developed a systematic entrepreneurship education linkage and educational condition creation for young people outside schools; entrepreneurship program application and educational condition development according to the operation of the free-learning semester system; the strengthening of business start-up support for youth in late adolescence, the establishment of measures to utilize related institutions in local communities and others.

• The Journal of Korean society of community based occupational therapy
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2018

Objective : The purpose of study is to validate the clinical utility and usability of the Korean version of the Life Space Assessment(K-LSA) which is an assessment tool of community mobility of older adults. Methods : Surveys on the clinical utility and usability of the K-LSA are carried out with a total of aoaa60 occupational and physical therapists. The surveys included the multiple choice questions on the clinical utility and open questions on the usability. Responses to multiple questions are post processed by frequency analysis and technical statistics, and responses to the open questions are categorized by common factors in each questions. Results : Average value of clinical utility ranges from 3.6 to 4.0 with positive responses of 'fair (3 point)', 'agree (4 point)' and 'strongly agree (5 point)' being 95~100%. Average value for clinical usability ranges from 3.6 to 4 with positive answers of 'fair (3 point)', 'easy (4 point)' and 'very easy (5 point)' being 88.3~100%. Additionally out of open-type questions of clinical usability, it was pointed out that the concept of 'neighborhood' for the life space level 3 and 4 is unclear. Conclusion : The current study and research outcomes showed that the K-LSA is a validated tool in Korean health care system for the clinical utility and usability in measuring community mobility, and that it is straightforward in practical use. It will help clinicians and therapists promote the social participation of older adults, and set an intervention goal for enhancing community mobility. It will further help clinicians and researchers in education and research for medical intervention and goal-setting.