• 제목/요약/키워드: library law

검색결과 239건 처리시간 0.023초

OpenFOAM을 이용한 EOM 기반 2차원 수치 파 생성에 관한 파라메트릭 연구 (A Parametric Study on EOM-based 2D Numerical Wave Generation using OpenFOAM)

  • 문성호;이성욱;백광준;권창섭
    • 대한조선학회논문집
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    • 제55권6호
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    • pp.490-496
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    • 2018
  • The consistency of the initially designed waves in the domain is essential for accurate calculation of the added resistance in waves through CFD. In particular, unwanted reflected waves at domain boundaries can cause incorrect numerical solutions due to the superposition with initially designed waves. Euler Overlay Method(EOM) is one of the methods for reducing wave reflections by adding an additional source term to momentum and phase conservation equations, respectively. In this study, we apply the Euler Overlay Method(EOM) to the open-source CFD library, OpenFOAM(R), to simulate the accurate free-surface waves in the domain and the parametric study is performed for efficient implementation of Euler Overlay Method(EOM). Considering that the damping efficiency depends on the selection of the overlay parameter in the added source terms, the size of overlay zone and the wave steepness, the influences of these factors are tested through the wave elevation measured at constant time intervals in the 2D numerical wave tank. Through this process, guidelines for selection of optimal overlay parameter and overlay zone size that can be applied according to the scaling law are finally presented.

Korean Dental Hygienists' Job Description Based on Systematic Review

  • Kim, Sun-Mi;Ahn, Eunsuk;Hwang, Soo-Jeong;Jeong, Soon-Jeong;Kim, Bo-Ra;Han, Ji-Hyoung
    • 치위생과학회지
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    • 제20권4호
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    • pp.187-199
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    • 2020
  • Background: Korean dental hygienists perform various tasks under the supervision of dentists in addition to the tasks listed in the law. Many meaningful studies have been conducted to determine the actual tasks of dental hygienists, but these studies did not show common results due to the differences in research methods or designs. Hence, this study aimed to review the reported data on the tasks of dental hygienists in Korea and to clarify them based on a systematic literature review. Methods: For the literature search, the COre, Standard, and Ideal model presented by the National Library of Medicine was referenced. Seven databases were searched for literatures published in Korea, including PubMed, and Google Scholar. Of the 352 studies found using key words, titles, and abstracts, 46 were finally extracted based on the first and second exclusion criteria. After confirming the tasks of Korean dental hygienists in 46 literatures, 136 tasks were listed and calculated as appearance rate in the literature. Results: The most common tasks in 46 studies were fluoride application (67.2%), radiography (65.4%), scaling (65.4%), sealant (60.7%), patient management and counseling (56.7%), tooth-brushing education (52.2%), impression taking with alginate (50.1%), and making temporary crowns (47.9%). The most mentioned tasks of dental hygienists in public health centers were fluoride application (100%), sealant (100%), oral health education (71.4%), public oral health program evaluation (71.4%), school fluoride mouth-rinsing program (71.4%), water fluoridation (57.1%), tooth-brushing education (57.1%), school oral health programs (57.1%), and public elderly oral health programs (57.1%). Conclusion: This study showed that Korean dental hygienists had 136 tasks by reviewing 46 related studies and that the main job of Korean dental hygienists was oral disease prevention including scaling, sealant, and fluoride application.

The status of intimate partner violence against pregnant women in contemporary China: a scoping review

  • Xue Mei Fan;Hae Won Kim
    • 여성건강간호학회지
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    • 제30권1호
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    • pp.41-55
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    • 2024
  • Purpose: This review explored the status of publications on intimate partner violence (IPV) against pregnant women in contemporary China. Methods: The PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, CINAHL, and PsycInfo databases were searched using the terms "IPV," "pregnant woman," "Chinese," and synonyms in English, along with related keywords for Chinese publications. All literature pertaining to IPV during pregnancy, conducted in China, and published between 1987 and September 2023 was included. Results: A total of 37 articles from 30 studies were selected. The prevalence of IPV during pregnancy ranged from 2.5% to 31.3%, with psychological violence being the most common form. Frequently identified risk factors included unintended pregnancy, poor family economic conditions, male partners engaging in health risk behaviors, poor employment status of women or their partners, low education levels among women, physical or mental health issues, strained couple relationships, and in-law conflicts. IPV during pregnancy primarily led to mental health problems for the victims and could result in adverse obstetric outcomes, as well as negative effects on the temperament and development of the offspring. Victims in China demonstrated a low willingness to seek help from professionals. Furthermore, relevant research in mainland China is scarce, with a limited number of studies and non-standardized research methodologies. Conclusion: Future research should investigate IPV in pregnancy from various perspectives, identify factors unique to IPV during pregnancy, and focus on high-risk groups. Considering the conditions in China, there is a pressing need to increase public awareness of IPV and to investigate interventions aimed at addressing this issue.

19세기 웨딩드레스의 미적 특성에 관한 연구 - 신고전주의와 낭만주의를 중심으로 - (A Study on the Aesthetic Characteristics of Wedding Dress in the 19th Century - Focusing on Neo-Classicism and Romanticism -)

  • 신경섭
    • 패션비즈니스
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    • 제15권1호
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    • pp.185-204
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    • 2011
  • The purpose of this study is to take into consideration the formative and aesthetic characteristics of wedding dresses that existed during the periods of Neo-Classicism and Romanticism which appeared as a reaction toward Neo-Classicism. The method of the research was mainly focused on precedent research data and general references. Furthermore the data on wedding dresses was mainly collected from British, French, and American library and museum web sites. The result of the research is the following. The Neo-Classicism art, which appeared along with the enlightenment in the beginning of the 19th century, pursues beauty based on associations and imitations of ancient Greek and Roman arts. In addition to aforementioned pursuits, the Neo-Classicism art also pursued universal beauty and social usefulness through law and order. This aesthetic value was also applied to the wedding dresses, so classical beauty, natural beauty and universal beauty were expressed as follows: corsets of the previous era were removed from general clothing and Empire style that imitated natural Greek style became predominant. Also, muslin replaced high quality clothes which were used as the main materials of the dressing during the previous era. Empire style's wedding dress became popular and simple colors and styles of the wedding dress expressed the beauty of the human body and emphasized civility at the same time. Romanticism art and costumes opposed rationalism and pursued sentimentalism. Moreover, it pursued diversity, exotic tastes and accepted diverse reactionism unlike Neo-Classicism's simplification and standardization. These aesthetic characteristic were applied to the wedding dress of this period; wedding dress of romanticism pursued feminine and elegant beauty with "X" silhouettes and various decorations, like general costumes. And they were decorated with a variety of excessive accessories, details and trimmings to express romantic sentimentalism. Exotic tastes which included Chinese, Egyptian, Indian influence and other diverse tastes were expressed through hair style, accessories and patterns of shawl. However, the white color in the wedding dress revealed purity and sanctity which cannot be found from general costumes regardless of whether the dress expressed Neo-classicism or Romanticism. As a formal dress worn during wedding ceremonies, the wedding dresses of the royalty revealed dignity and authority and significantly influenced later wedding dress designs.

Effectiveness and Safety of Pemetrexed Versus Docetaxel as a Treatment for Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

  • Di, Bao-Shan;Wei, Kong-Ping;Tian, Jin-Hui;Xiao, Xiao-Juan;Li, Yan;Zhang, Xu-Hui;Yu, Qin;Yang, Ke-Hu;Ge, Long;Huang, Wen-Hui;Zhang, Fang-Wa
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • 제15권8호
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    • pp.3419-3424
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    • 2014
  • Background: Our aim was to conduct a meta-analysis to compare the efficacy and safety of pemetrexed and docetaxel for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Materials and Methods: We systematically searched the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, China Biology Medicine Database for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the efficacy and toxicities of pemetrexed versus docetaxel as a treatment for advanced NSCLC. We limited the languages to English and Chinese. Two reviewers independently screened articles to identify eligible trials according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria and assessed the methodological quality of included trials, and then extracted data. The meta-analysis was performed using STATA12.0. Results: Six RCTs involving 1,414 patients were identified. We found that there was no statistically significant differences in overall response rate, survival time, progression-free survival, disease control rate, and 1-2yr survival rate (p>0.050) but it is worthy of mention that patients in the pemetrexed arms had significantly higher 3-yr survival rate (P=0.002). With regard to the grade 3 or 4 hematological toxicity, compared with docetaxel, pemetrexed led to lower rate of grade 3-4 febrile neutropenia, neutropenia, and leukocyts toxicity (p<0.001). There was no significant difference in anemia between the two arms (p=0.08). In addition, pemetrexed led to higher rate of grade 3-4 thrombocytopenia toxicity (p=0.03). As for the non-hematological toxicities, compared with docetaxel, pemetrexed group had lower rate of grade 3-4 diarrhea and alopecia. Conclusions: Pemetrexed was almost as effective as docetaxel in patients with advanced NSCLC. At the same time, pemetrexed might increase the 3-yr survival rate. As for safety, pemetrexed led to lower rate of grade 3-4 febrile neutropenia, neutropenia, leukocytes, diarrhea and alopecia toxicity. However, it was associated with a higher rate of grade 3-4 thrombocytopenia.

기록물관리법의 제정과 국회기록관리체제의 개편(1999~2008) (The Enactment of Record Management Act and the Reform of the National Assembly Record Management System(1999~2008))

  • 이승일
    • 기록학연구
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    • 제18호
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    • pp.37-89
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    • 2008
  • 국회의 기록관리체제는 1999년에 기록물관리법이 제정되면서 대폭 개편되었다. 원래 국회는 총무과, 의안과, 속기과 등에서 영구보존기록물을 관리하였으나 기록물관리법이 제정되면서 국회기록물의 보존체제가 크게 개편되었다. 1948년 국회가 설립된 이래로 최초로 전문적인 기록물관리부서로서 국회기록보존소가 설치되었고, "국회기록물관리규칙"의 제정을 계기로 의안과, 속기과 등의 기록물 보존권한이 부정되었다. 이에 따라 국회기록보존소는 종전 국회사무처와 국회도서관의 각 부서에 분산되어 있던 기록물의 수집 보존 등의 업무를 모두 관할하게 되어 국회의 종합적인 기록물 수집 보존 및 편찬 부서로서의 위상을 확보하였다. 기록물관리법의 제정과 국회기록물관리체제의 개편은 한국국가기록관리체제가 헌법기관에서 어떻게 구현되는지를 잘 보여주는 사례이다. 기록물관리법의 제정 이전에는 "정부공문서규정" 등이 행정부의 기록관리에 관한 법령이었으나 이 같은 규정을 국회에까지 적용할 의무는 없었다. 그러나 1999년에 '법률'의 형식으로 기록물관리법이 제정되면서 국회는 기록물관리법의 시행을 위한 후속조치가 필요하게 되었다. 국회는 이 같은 후속조치의 일환으로서 국회기록보존소 설치와 "국회기록물관리규칙" 등의 개선작업을 추진하였다. 이 연구에서는 기록물관리법이 국회에 어떠한 영향을 미쳤고 국회는 기록물관리법의 국회 시행에 어떻게 대응하였으며 국회기록물 관리실태가 어떻게 개편되었는지를 중심으로 분석하였다.

국내 건강정보관련 연구에 대한 계량서지학적 분석 (Bibliometric Analysis on Health Information-Related Research in Korea)

  • 김진원;이한슬
    • 정보관리학회지
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    • 제41권1호
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    • pp.411-438
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    • 2024
  • 본 연구는 계량서지학적 분석 방법을 통해 여러 영역으로 나누어진 국내 건강정보 관련 연구를 통합적인 시각으로 보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 한국학술지인용색인 데이터베이스를 통해 2002년부터 2023년까지의 국내 '건강정보' 관련 논문 1,193편을 수집하여 시기별 동향, 학문분야, 지적구조, 키워드 변화 시기를 분석하였다. 분석결과, 건강정보 관련 논문 수는 지속적으로 증가하였으며, 2021년 이후 감소하고 있다. 건강정보 관련 연구의 주요 학문분야는 '의공학', '예방의학/직업환경의학', '법학', '간호학', '문헌정보학', '학제간연구'로 볼 수 있다. 건강정보 관련 연구의 지적구조를 파악하기 위해 단어동시출현분석을 시행하였다. 이후 도출된 네트워크의 구조와 군집파악을 위해 병렬최근접이웃클러스터링 알고리즘을 적용한 결과 '건강정보에 대한 의료공학적 관점'과 '건강정보에 대한 사회과학적 관점'이라는 2개의 대군집을 중심으로 그에 속한 4개의 중군집, 17개의 소군집을 파악할 수 있었다. 학문분야와 키워드의 변화 시기를 추적하기 위해 변곡점 분석을 시도하였으며 공통적으로 2010년과 2011년 사이에 변화가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 평균 출판년도와 단어출현빈도를 통해 전략 다이어그램을 도출하였으며 고빈도 키워드를 '유망', '성장', '성숙' 영역으로 구분하여 제시하였다. 본 연구는 주로 내용분석 중심의 선행연구들과 다르게 여러 가지 계량서지학적 방법을 통해 건강정보 관련 연구영역을 통합적인 시각으로 바라보았다는 데 의의가 있다.

한국 과학기술 논문의 인용속도 및 인용빈도에 영향을 미치는 서지 요인에 관한 연구 (A Study on the Factors Influencing Citation Speed and Citation Frequency of Scientific Articles Using Bibliometric Analysis in South Korea)

  • 김완종
    • 한국문헌정보학회지
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    • 제46권4호
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    • pp.285-309
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    • 2012
  • 본 연구에서는 서지 요인이 인용속도, 인용빈도에 영향을 미치는지에 대한 분석 이외에도 인용속도가 인용빈도에 영향을 미치는지에 대한 분석, 그리고 인용속도가 인용빈도에 영향을 미치는 관계가 성립할 때 서지 요인이 이 영향관계에서 조절효과를 보이는지 파악하고자 하였다. 본 연구를 통해 다섯 가지 서지 요인을 추출하여 우리나라 논문의 각 요인별 논문분포를 살펴본 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 첫째, 제1저자와 교신저자의 소속국가의 국내 외 구분에 따른 인용속도는 저자들의 소속국가가 국내인 논문보다 해외인 논문에서 최초 인용속도와 평균 인용속도가 모두 더 빠른 것으로 나타났으며, 인용빈도는 제1저자와 교신저자가 해외인 논문이 더 많은 인용을 받았다. 국제 협력연구 여부에 따른 인용속도와 인용빈도 분석에서는 국내 단독수행 연구보다 국제 협력연구인 경우 최초 인용속도가 더 빠른 것으로 나타났으나, 평균 인용속도는 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났으며, 인용빈도는 국제 협력연구가 더 많은 인용을 받는 것으로 확인되었다. 공저자수와 영향력지수에 따른 최초 인용속도, 평균 인용속도, 인용빈도에는 모두 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 인용속도와 인용빈도의 영향관계를 분석한 결과, 최초 인용속도는 빠를수록, 평균 인용속도는 느릴수록 인용빈도가 높아지는 것으로 나타났으며, 최초 인용속도가 평균 인용속도보다 인용빈도에 더 높은 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 최초 인용속도와 인용빈도의 영향관계에서 5가지 서지 요인이 영향력을 증대시키는 조절작용을 하는지 분석한 결과, 모든 요인이 조절작용을 하는 것으로 나타났다. 여섯째, 평균 인용속도와 인용빈도의 영향관계 관계에서 5가지 서지 요인이 영향력을 증대시키는 조절작용을 하는지 분석한 결과, 제1저자의 소속국가, 교신저자의 소속국가, 공저자수 3가지 서지 요인은 조절작용을 하는 것으로 나타났으며, 국제 협력연구 여부와 영향력지수는 조절작용을 하지 못하는 것으로 나타났다.

환경 인쇄 기술의 발전과 인쇄물의 $CO_2$ 발생량에 관한 연구 (A Study about Development of Environment Printing Technology and $CO_2$)

  • 이문학
    • 한국인쇄학회지
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    • 제30권3호
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    • pp.89-114
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    • 2012
  • For as to world, the concern about the environment problem is enhanced than any other time in the past because of being 21 century. And the environment problem is highlighted as the world-wide issue. The time of the environment problem intimidates the alive of the mankind and presence of an earth over the time. It becomes the essentiality not being selection in the personal living or the economical viewpoint now to prepare for the climatic modification. As to the company management, the green growth period which it excludes the environment management considering an environment, cannot carry on the company the continued management comes. That is, in the change center of the management paradigm, there is the environment management. Nearly, the greenhouse gas which the publication industry is the environmental toxic material like all industries is generated. The greenhouse gas is ejected in the process of running the manufacturing process and print shop of the various kinds material used as the raw material of the book. Particularly, the tree felling for getting the material of the paper is known to reach the direct influence on the global warming. This study does according to an object it considers and organizes the environment parameter based on this kind of fact as to the publication industry. And it is determined as the reference which is used as the basic materials preparing the case that carbon exhaust right transaction(CAP and TRADE) drawing are enforced in all industries and is sustainable the management of the publication industry and reduces the environmental risk among the company many risk management elements and plans and enforces the publication related policy that there is a value. In the printing publication industry, this study tried to inquire into elements discharging the environmental pollutant or the greenhouse gas. Additionally, in the printed publication production process, it tried to inquire into the effort for an environment-friendly and necessity at the printing paper and the printers ink, regarded as the element discharging the greenhouse gas all kinds of the printing materials, operation of the print shop and all kinds of the machines and recycle process, and etc. These considerations make these industrial field employees aware of the significance about a conservation and environmental protection. They try to give a help in the subsequent study producing quantitatively each environmental parameter emission of green house gas. This makes the calculation of the relative $CO_2$ output reproached ultimately possible. Meanwhile, in a sense, many research protects and improving an environment in connection with the contents of research at the printing publication industrial field is in progress. There will be the voluntary human face that it has to protect an environment but this can not do by the outside factor according to all kinds of environment related law and regulation. Anyway, because of acting on company management as the factor of oppression, the increase of this environment-related correspondence cost could know that the research that the environment loading relates with a procurement and development, environment management system introduction, quality control standard, including, normalizing including a material, and etc. through the part of the effort to reduce the cost low was actively in progress. As to the green growth era, as follows, this paper prescribed the subject and alternative of the print publication industry. It is surrounded by the firstly new digital environment and the generation of the subject. And secondly the printing industry is caused by the point of time when the green growth leaves by the topic which is largest in the global industry and it increases. The printing publication industry has to prepare the bridgehead for the environment-friendly green growth as the alternative for this resolution with first. The support blown in each industry becomes the obligation not being selection. Prestek in which the print publishing was exposed to spend many energies and which is known as the practice of the sustainable print publishing insisted that it mentioned importance of the green printing through the white pages in 2008 and a company had to be the green growth comprised through the environment-friendly activity. The core management for the sustainable printing publication industry presented from Presstack white pages is compacted to 4 words that it is a remove, reduce, recover, and recycle. Second, positively the digital printing(POD) system should be utilized. In the worldwide print out market, the digital printing area stops at the level of 10% or so but the change over and growth of the market of an analog-to-digital will increase rapidly in the future. As to the CEO Jeff Hayes of the Infoland, the offset print referred to that it of the traditional method got old and infirm with the minor phase of the new printing application like the customer to be wanted publication and the print of the digital method led the market. In conclusion, print publishers have to grasp well the market flow in the situation where a digitalization cannot be generalized and a support cannot avoid. And it keeps pace with the flow of the digital age and the recognition about the effort for the development and environment problem have to be raised. Particularly, the active green strategy is employed for the active green strategy.