• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.967-980
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• 2010

This study examined preschoolers' usage of internet-games in a family context as well as their level of addiction to these games. Participants in this study were 221 mothers of preschoolers (111 boys, 110 girls) in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province. Lee's (2006) Internet-Game Addiction Scale for Preschoolers was used to assess preschoolers' level of internet-game addiction. Cho's (2010) questionnaire regarding home environment and internet-games was also administered. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, t-test, and ANOVA using SPSS WIN 12.0. Results were as follows: firstly, 74.7% of preschoolers were found to play internet-games. Secondly, the level of internet-game addiction was low, but boys showed higher levels of internet-game addiction than girls. Thirdly, preschoolers' level of internet-game addiction was different according to their number of siblings, time spent using internet-games, that age at which internet-games were first used as well as mother's employment status. Based on the results of this study, the danger of preschoolers' internet-game addiction and future directions of research are discussed.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.173-183
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the stress level and HPA axis activity of an internet game addiction group and non-addiction group in adolescents. Methods: A cross-sectional comparative study was performed with 140 male high school students from 9 vocational high schools at W city. Data were collected from July to September, 2012, using a questionnaire for measuring internet game addiction and stress level, blood samples for serum ACTH, and cortisol level for HPA axis activity. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis, $X^2$-test, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation coefficient with SPSS/WIN 15.0. Results: The stress level of the internet game addicted group was significantly higher than that of the non-addicted group (p<.001). The serum cortisol level was also significantly higher in the internet game addicted group than in the non-addicted group (p<.026). The serum ACTH level was higher in the internet game addicted group more than in the non-addicted group (p<.072). Conclusion: These results showed that internet game addiction could increase stress level and HPA axis activity in high school adolescents. Thus, a nursing approach to prevent and relieve internet game addiction should be initiated to stabilize the HPA axis of internet game addicted adolescents.

• Korean Journal of Family Welfare
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.613-632
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to review Chinese policy on internet game addiction, and understand the level of internet game addiction, anxiety, and life satisfaction levels, and examine how game addiction affects life satisfaction with anxiety as a medium among male university students in China. In order to achieve the goals of the study, a survey was conducted on 240 male university students in Harbin, China. The research results are as follows. First, the internet game addiction level of male university students was at a relatively low level. Only 2.9% scored over 36 points, the litmus test for the category of clinical criterion, whereas the majority belonged to the general user group. Meanwhile, anxiety was at an intermediate level, along with a relatively high level of life satisfaction. Next, internet game addiction showed a positive correlation with anxiety, and a negative correlation with life satisfaction level. A negative correlation was found between anxiety and life satisfaction level. Lastly, anxiety was found to play a complete mediation role, as a mediator variable between internet game addiction and life satisfaction level. Based on the above results, policy and practical suggestions are proposed to improve the mental health of university students and to prevent and treat game addiction within China.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.75-84
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• 2019

This study was a cross-sectional descriptive research that investigate the level of addiction and analyzed the impact of computer game addiction from 20 to 30 years old on communication capabilities. The purpose of this study was to investigate the level of game addiction according to general characteristics and to confirm the effect of computer game addiction on communication ability. There were a total of 220 participants in the study. This survey for this study was a self-reporting questionnaire, research tools for this study were developed by Lee (2000) using game addiction and Communication ability developed by Frits et al., (1999). Data analysis was analyzed with frequency analysis, t-test, ANOVA, and Regression using SPSS 18.0. As a result of analysis, the difference between game addiction and communication ability by gender was appeared to be different under statistical significance levels: game addiction (t=-.9.2, p<0.01), subcomponents of communication ability, concentration (t=7.20, p<0.01), understanding (t=6.13, p<0.01), response (t=6.22, p<0.01), memory (t=2.88, p<0.05). The highest level of game addiction was appeared between 28 and 30 years old under statistical significance (p<0.01). Finally computer game addiction affects understanding, a subcomponent of communication capabilities.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.24 no.2 s.80
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• pp.209-219
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relative effect of individual-, parents-, and game-related variables on game addiction. Totally, 1065 10 to 18-year-olds participated and completed questionnaires. Male students had more tendency to game addition than female students. No difference in the level of addiction, however, was appeared among elementary, junior-high, and high school groups, which means that many young children are already Same-addicted. More severely addicted children and adolescents showed higher level of impulsivity, more difficulties in communication with their parents, and more expectation of psychological gratification and interpersonal relationship through the internet games. The relative effects of these independent variables to game addiction were different among gender*school groups. Firstly, impulsivity was significant only in boys of elementary group. Secondly, for the junior-high group, communication with father and mother was important to boys and girls, repectively. Lastly, expected gratification from gaming itself mainly predicted high school students' game addiction, irrespective of gender. The findings of this study suggest that earlier intervention to young garners should be carried out. It is also indicated that parents' and teachers' role for guidance of the internet games would be different with children's gender and developmental stages.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.107-120
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• 2020

Since the revision of the ICD-11 of the WHO, the level of social discourse on internet game use disorders has been increasing. However, existing studies have mixed terms and causal relationships with game use disorder or game addiction. This study was conducted with high school students aged 16 to 18, focusing on internet game addiction. As a result of the analysis, the greater the obstacles to daily life and self-regulation, the higher the risk of falling into internet game addiction. This study has a significance in reestablishing the causal relationship of Internet game addiction.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.383-389
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• 2007

Purpose: In this study, the Internet game addiction level was assessed, and parent-child attachment level associated with the addiction was analyzed. Method: From December 5 to 23, 2005, self-reported questionnaire data were collected from 990 Busan City elementary school students of the 5th and 6th grades. The questionnaire consisted of questions about their characteristic features in playing Internet games based on the K-scale developed by KADO. The data were analyzed using the SPSS WIN 10.0 program. Frequency, percentage, arithmetic mean, and standard deviation, $X^2$-test, ANOVA analysis and Scheffe test were used to analyze the data. Results: 1. With regard to the level of Internet game addiction, 71.2% of the students responded that they were general users, and 6.3%, at high risk for addiction. Mean scores were 103.3 for the high-risk group, 77.7 for the potential risk group, and 55.86 for the general user group. The total mean was 63.74. 2. Mean scores for parent-child attachment levels were 97.1 and 99.6 for father and mother, respectively. Conclusion: These results suggest that a collaborative program to educate and counsel parents to increase the parent-child attachment level needs to be established in protection and recovery programs for Internet game addiction.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.282-290
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• 2004

Purpose: The measure the degree of computer game addiction; to examine the relationship between computer game addiction and contributing factors; and to discover the predictors of computer game addiction of elementary school children of Korea. Method: Data were assembled from questionnaires distributed among 455 children from four elementary schools in Gyung-buk Province. Result: The level of computer game addiction of subjects was rather low, and correlated significantly with gender, academic performance, family economic status, playmates for leisure time, place of playing computer game, length of the habit of playing game, average playing time of game per day, frequency of PC-room(Internet Cafe for game) visits per week, game partners and reasons for playing game. Multiple regression analysis showed that 45％ of the computer game addiction was significantly related to gender(21％), impulsiveness(10％), average playing time of game per day(9％), depression(2％) and other variables(3％) such as playmates for leisure time, academic performance and frequency of PC-room visits per week. Conclusion: We suggest these results be used to develop a computer game addiction prevention program.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.63-74
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• 2009

This study was aimed to assess the degree of addiction on computer games and find factors related to game addiction, health perception and health promoting behavior in elementary school students. A study subjects were 814 students in 5th and 6th grades at 4 elementary schools in a city and a county. The items in questionnaire was consisted of general characteristics, circumstances and habits related to utilization of computer and internet game playing, and degree of addiction, health perception and health promoting behavior. We analyzed data using chi-square test, t-test, ANOVA, and multiple regression analysis. In multiple regression analysis, addictiveness on internet game was significantly related to type of computer utilization, frequency and duration of internet game playing, gender, after-school activities, grade points, economical status, and location of computer in a house. Health perception was significantly related to addiction points, gender, residential area, and grade points. And health promoting behavior was significantly related to addiction points, grade level, grade points, and health perception points. Since health promoting behaviors of children in elementary school are in the way of making, their degree of addiction to computer games can greatly influence their attitude towards health and their future life pattern as adults. Therefore an educational prevention program including counselling on game addiction should be devised. And researches will be needed for developing the Korean standard for measuring degree of addiction and a prevention program for peer group's game addiction.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.87-94
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• 2010

Objectives : This study was aimed at investigating the relationship between internet game addiction and emotional and behavioral characteristics of students both in the 5th and 6th grade of elementary school and in middle school. Methods : Two elementary schools and two middle schools were chosen to participate. The students completed selfreport questionnaires designed by the authors, called the Internet Game Addiction Scale, Korean youth self-report (K-YSR). Results : Compared to previous studies, the rates of those in the obvious game addiction group were much lower in this study. We defined the upper 10% of internet game addiction scores as a high risk user group and the lower 10% as a control group. There were significant differences between the groups with respect to the the ages at which internet gaming began, the frequency of game play per week, and the average length of each game playing session. Significant associations were also found between the level of internet game addiction and the withdrawn and delinquency subscales of the K-YSR. However, the association between game addiction and the withdrawn subscale was found only in middle school students. Conclusion : The findings from this study suggested that withdrawn and delinquent behaviors could be predictors of internet game addiction. Results also suggested the importance of early childhood intervention for preventing the development of more severe psychopathology in early adolescence.