• 전자공학회논문지
• /
• 제52권4호
• /
• pp.156-163
• /
• 2015

본 논문은 광패턴 조사를 통한 능동형 수위 및 거리 측정 기법을 제안한다. 기존 압력식, 부자식, 초음파식, 레이더식 등의 수위측정기법과 달리 최근에는 수위측정의 정확성과 모니터링 편리성을 강조한 영상기반 수위측정기법이 활용되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 참조용 광패턴을 교각이나 제방 등에 동적으로 조사(照射)하고, 카메라 장치로부터 조사된 광패턴 영상을 실시간 분석 처리하여 자동 수위측정 및 조사(照射) 대상물까지의 거리측정을 위한 새로운 방법을 제시한다. 기존 방법이 교각에 기(旣) 부착된 수위표나 마커 인식을 위해 수동적으로 영상데이터를 분석하는 것이었다면, 본 기법은 교각 설치 환경에 대응하여 능동적으로 참조 광패턴을 생성하여 사용함으로써, 난시야(難視野) 환경 및 잡음 대응에 효과적이고, 포터블 형태로 주야간 이용이 가능하며, 별도 조명 설치를 요구하지 않는 등의 강건한 수위 측정을 지원한다. 본 실험은 실내 시험 환경을 구성하여 시뮬레이션 하였으며, 0.4-1.4m 거리 13.5-32.5cm 높이에서 수위 및 거리 측정을 수행하였다.

• 환경생물
• /
• 제29권3호
• /
• pp.113-125
• /
• 2011

Seabirds have adapted to life in marine environments. More than 25% of the bird species observed in South Korea are seabirds, using the coast area of Korean peninsula as a stop-over and wintering, and breeding site. The aims of this review are to provide information about migratory and resident Korean seabirds and to discuss the methods that are currently employed to monitor the marine environment. In Korea, it has been reported that more than 400,000 individuals of seabirds breed on Nando Islet, Chilbaldo Islet, Guguldo Islet, Sasudo Islet, Hongdo Islet and Dokdo Islet. In 2010, approximately 160,000 seabirds also visited South Korea during the winter. Two of the main treats were introduced wildlife and habitat destruction by humans. Seabirds are monitored mainly at the population and individual levels. The assessment of population sizes and biomagnifications of pollutants are performed preferably at the community and population levels. Behaviour, growth, morphological characteristics, and breeding success is analyzed at the individual level and employed to gauge the health of the marine environment. In addition, we could suggest that molecular technique of seabirds successfully adopted to investigate the effects of pollutants and toxins in the marine environment.

• Smart Structures and Systems
• /
• 제15권2호
• /
• pp.299-314
• /
• 2015

Submersed rock-berm structures are frequently used for protection of underwater lifelines such as pipelines and power cables. During the service life, the rock-berm structure can experience several accidental loads such as anchor collision. The consequences can be severe with a certain level of frequency; hence, the structural responses should be carefully understood for implementing a proper structural health monitoring method. However, no study has been made to quantify the structural responses because it is hard to deal with the individual behavior of each rock. Therefore, this study presents a collision analysis of the submersed rock-berm structure using a finite element software package by facilitating the smoothed-particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method. The analysis results were compared with those obtained from the Lagrange method. Moreover, two types of anchors (stock anchor and stockless anchor), three collision points and two different drop velocities (terminal velocity of each anchor and 5 m/s) were selected to investigate the changes in the responses. Finally, the effect of these parameters (analysis method, anchor type, collision point and drop velocity) on the analysis results was studied. Accordingly, the effectiveness of the SPH method is verified, a safe rock-berm height (over 1 m) is proposed, and a gauge point (0.5 m above the seabed) is suggested for a structural health monitoring implementation.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
• /
• 제1권6호
• /
• pp.647-655
• /
• 1997

The purpose of present study is to investigate the influence of a spinal gamma-aminobutyric acid B($GABA_B$) receptor on a central regulation of blood pressure(BP) and heart rate(HR), and to define its mechanism in the spinal cord. In urethane-anesthetized, d-tubocurarine-paralyzed and artificially ventilated male Sprague-Dawley rats, intrathecal administration of drugs were carried out using injection cannula(33-gauge stainless steel) through the guide cannula(PE 10) which was inserted intrathecally at lower thoracic level through the puncture of a atlantooccipital membrane. Intrathecal injection of an $GABA_B$ receptor agonist, baclofen(30, 60, 100 nmol) decreased both BP and HR dose-dependently. Pretreatment with 8-bromo-cAMP(50 nmol), a cAMP analog, or glipizide(50 nmol), a ATP-sensitive $K^+$ channel blocker, attenuated the depressor and bradycardic effects of baclofen(100 nmol), but not with 8-bromo-cGMP(50 nmol), a cGMP analog. These results suggest that the $GABA_B$ receptor in the spinal cord plays an inhibitory role in central cardiovascular regulation and that this depressor and bradycardic actions are mediated by the decrease of cAMP via the inhibition of adenylate cyclase and the opening of $K^+$ channel.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
• /
• 제14권2호
• /
• pp.128-136
• /
• 1989

The purpose of this study was to develop a computer operated automatic drip irrigation system for application in vinyl-house cultivation. The results can be summarized as follows: 1) The T-type ice compensation wire was used to measure the temperature. The voltage level measured up to 0.02 volt was used as input to an 8-bit A/D converter. 2) A specially devised tensiometer was used to content the watering system. When the needle of the pressure gauge reaches the lower threshold position it turns on the pumping system and turns off when it reaches higher threshold position. 3) In order to use the multiple gypsum blocks for one transducer, reed relays and a D/O board were used to make the sequential switching possible. 4) It was possible to automate the trickle irrigation system for the whole growth period of vinyl-house crops with the help of microcomputer. 5) In terms of furrow irrigation, the irrigation water consumption was the smallest, 2.8 times less than conventional method of surface trickle irrigation, 3.4 times less than subsurface trickle irrigation method. 6) In terms of productivity of cucumber, there was a drop in productivity when compared to furrow irrigation method, 7.2% for surface trickle irrigation, 27.4% for subsurface irrigation method.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
• /
• 제14권2호
• /
• pp.249-252
• /
• 2001

Total spinal anesthesia is a serious life threatening complication of spinal and epidural anesthesia. We report an accidental total spinal anesthesia developed during a thoracic epidural block in a practitioner's pain clinic. A 69-year-old female with post-herpetic neuralgia was treated by a thoracic epidural block. A thoracic tapping for the epidural block was performed in the right lateral position at a level between $T_{5-6}$, using a 23 gauge Tuohy needle. After the epidural space was identified, a mixed solution of 10 ml of 0.3% lidocaine and 20 mg of triamcinolone was injected into the epidural space. After removal of the syringe, fluid was dripping through the needle. The patient subsequently complained of dyspnea and dizziness, and she became unconscious. She was intubated immediately and cardiopulmonary resuscitation was performed because there was no pulse palpable. The patient recovered an hour after transfer to a general hospital and was discharged without any further complication 19 days later.

• 한국철도학회논문집
• /
• 제9권2호
• /
• pp.230-236
• /
• 2006

For a short-term measurement to reduce an accident on a railroad crossing, it is necessary to find out the weakness and problems of existing equipment in the railroad transportation system. The analysis of railroad crossing accidents shows that main causes of accidents (24.9%) are the careless driving including an engine problem, damage on the safety equipment, slide on the snow, and an engine stop on the railroad crossing. Therefore, it is required to install a sensor, or to make a crossing gate at the exist for detecting obstacles on a railroad to prevent collisions among trains. This paper suggests 'a panel sensor using the strain gauge' to make up the weaknesses of the sensing Dead Zone, which are caused by using a laser method, and to detect any small objects passing railroads in order to reduce the errors, which are occurred in the earth magnetic field for controlling Exit Slide Crossing Arm Detector. The device, suggested in this paper, is verified with detecting any small objects passing the railroad, with judging entry decision clearly, and with controlling passing gate and obstruction warnings/cautions obstacles at the same time, through an experimental test.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
• /
• 제19권1호
• /
• pp.76-85
• /
• 2012

The purpose of this study was to identify the factors determining the participation restriction of chronic stroke patients based on international classification of functioning, disability, and health (ICF) model. Sixty-eight stroke patients participated. The participants were assessed participation restriction using the Korean version of London handicap scale (K-LHS), modified Barthel index (K-MBI) to measure activities of daily living, Berg balance scale (K-BBS) to assess balance, and the center for epidemiologic studies depression (K-CES-D) to gauge depression. Also, 3 minutes walking test (3MWT), gait velocity, asymmetric posture, and family support were assessed. A stepwise multiple regression analysis was used to explore the factors determining participation restriction. There were no significant different in the K-LHS and K-MBI results by gender (p>.05). Correlations between the K-LHS and K-MBI (r=-.656), K-BBS (r=-.543), K-CES-D (r=.266), 3MWT (r=-.363), gait velocity (r=.348), and family support (r=-.389) were significant (p<.05). Also, the K-MBI and family support were the factors that determined participation restriction (p<.05) and that 40.2% of the variation in the K-LHS can be explained. Therefore, it is suggested that evaluation and intervention of patient's activity level and extent of family support is necessary to reduce participation restriction of chronic stroke patients.

• Molecular & Cellular Toxicology
• /
• 제5권3호
• /
• pp.207-215
• /
• 2009

Despite wide therapeutic use of CpG ODN against infection, allergy and cancer, the safety and toxicity of CpG ODNs were poorly delineated. Thus, we investigated whether optimal dosing of CpG ODN would affect immunotoxicological parameters in NZB/NZW F1 mice. Comparisons were made among control, non-CpG ODN and mouse CpG ODN ($10{\mu}g$)-treated groups for 4 weeks. To gauge the immunotoxicity of CpG ODNs, we measured nonspecific parameters, degree of lupus nephritis, proteinuria, or autoantibody, and cytokine expression in mRNA level of lymphocytes. We found that there were no significant differences among groups in nonspecific immunotoxicological profiles and in evaluation profiles of glomerulonephritis. However, titer of anti-dsDNA and anti-cardiolipin antibodies in mouse CpG ODN group rose three or eight-fold higher than in control group. Collectively, CpG ODN might be clinically less immunotoxic in terms of clinical profiles in lupus-prone NZB/NZW F1 mice, in spite of high autoantibody titer in CpG ODN treated groups.

• Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy
• /
• 제5권2호
• /
• pp.208-224
• /
• 2016

The Korean government considers expanding the WtE share of total energy from 1% to 5% by 2020 through research and development (R&D) in waste-to-energy (WtE) technologies. This study attempts to measure the external benefits of investing in R&D in these technologies. To this end, a contingent valuation (CV) is employed. More specifically, a 2016 national survey of randomly selected 1,000 households was carried out across the nation to gauge the willingness to pay (WTP) for the investment. One-and-one-half-bounded dichotomous choice question was used in the CV survey, and the spike model was applied to dealing with zero WTP responses. The mean yearly WTP is estimated to be KRW 4,175 (USD 3.57) per household, which is statistically significant at the 1% level. Expanding the value to the entire nation translates into an investment of about KRW 79.1 billion (USD 67.6 million), which can be interpreted as the annual external benefit of the R&D investment in WtE technology.