• 제목/요약/키워드: left-handed

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규범적 표상의 방향성 효과 (The effect of orientation on recognizing object representation)

  • 정효선;이승복;정우현
    • 감성과학
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    • 제11권4호
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    • pp.501-510
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    • 2008
  • 규범적 표상은 단어나 주제가 주어졌을 때 자연스럽게 떠오르는 심상이다. 이러한 규범적 표상은 대상의 특징을 가장 잘 드러낼 수 있는 특정한 조망이나 방향으로 떠오르게 된다. 규범적 표상이 측면임을 시사하는 선행 연구를 바탕으로 본 연구에서는 규범적 표상의 방향성을 검토하였다. 규범적 표상을 자연범주와 인공범주로 구분하여 자극의 제시 방향에 따른 차이를 알아보았다. 실험은 그림의 방향성(왼쪽/오른쪽)과 범주(동물, 자연범주/도구, 인공범주)를 두 가지 독립변인으로 하여 설계하였으며 단어-그림 일치 판단과제를 사용하여 정답 반응률과 반응시간을 측정하였다. 그 결과, 정답 반응률은 범주 내에서 방향성에 따른 모든 조건에서 천장효과를 보였으며 아주 근소한 차이만 있었다. 반응시간에서 범주변인의 주효과, 범주와 방향성의 상호작용 효과가 나타났다. 특히 자연범주에 속하는 동물 그림에서 방향성 효과가 관찰되었다. 동물의 머리가 왼쪽으로 향하는 그림이 오른쪽으로 향하는 그림 보다 반응시간이 유의하게 빨랐다. 그러나 인공범주에 속하는 도구 그림에서는 방향성의 효과가 나타나지 않았다. 이러한 결과는 동물의 규범적 표상의 방향성은 왼쪽을 향하는 것임을 시사한다.

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Cortical Network Activated by Korean Traditional Opera (Pansori): A Functional MR Study

  • Kim, Yun-Hee;Kim, Hyun-Gi;Kim, Seong-Yong;Kim, Hyoung-Ihl;Todd. B. Parrish;Hong, In-Ki;Sohn, Jin-Hun
    • 한국감성과학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국감성과학회 2000년도 춘계 학술대회 및 국제 감성공학 심포지움 논문집 Proceeding of the 2000 Spring Conference of KOSES and International Sensibility Ergonomics Symposium
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    • pp.113-119
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    • 2000
  • The Pansori is a Korean traditional vocal music that has a unique story and melody which converts deep emotion into art. It has both verbal and emotional components. which can be coordinated by large-scale neural network. The purpose of this study is to illustrate the cortical network activated by a Korean traditional opera, Pansori, with different emotional valence using functional MRI (fMRI).Nine right-handed volunteers participated. Their mean age was 25.3 and the mean modified Edinburgh score was +90.1. Activation tasks were designed for the subjects to passively listen to the two parts of Pansories with sad or hilarious emotional valence. White noise was introduced during the control periods. Imaging was conducted on a 1.5T Siemens Vision Vision scanner. Single-shot echoplanar fMRI scans (TR/TE 3840/40 ms, flip angle 90, FOV 220, 64 x 64 matrix, 6mm thickness) were acquired in 20 contiguous slices. Imaging data were motion-corrected, coregistered, normalized, and smoothed using SPM-96 software.Bilateral posterior temporal regions were activated in both of Pansori tasks, but different asymmetry between the tasks was found. The Pansori with sad emotion showed more activation in the light superior temporal regions as well as the right inferior frontal and the orbitofrontal areas than in the right superior temporal regions as well as the right inferior frontal and the orbitofrontal areas than in the left side. In the Pansori with hilarious emotion, there was a remarkable activation in the left hemisphere especially at the posterior temporal and the temporooccipital regions as well as in the left inferior and the prefrontal areas. After subtraction between two tasks, the sad Pansori showed more activation in the right temporoparietal and the orbitofrontal areas, in contrast, the one with hilarious emotion showed more activation in the left temporal and the prefrontal areas. These results suggested that different hemispheric asymmetry and cortical areas are subserved for the processing of different emotional valences carried by the Pansories.

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야구 타격시 숙련자와 미숙련자의 족저압력 분석 (Plantar Pressure in Skilled and Unskilled Players during Baseball Batting)

  • 문원호;이중숙;김창현;장영민;정진우
    • 한국운동역학회지
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    • 제23권1호
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    • pp.25-35
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    • 2013
  • This study examined 24 right-handed amateur baseball players. Twelve who had played baseball for more than 6 years were grouped as skilled players, while 12 who had played for 1-3 years were the unskilled player group. The swing motion was divided into four event phases: stance, backswing, impact, and follow-through. The mean and maximum plantar pressure, center of pressure, and ground reaction force were measured during each event phase. The mean and standard deviations for each variables were calculated and differences were validated with the independent sample t-test. A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. The results were as follows. 1)The ideal stance is a stable, balanced position with more than 65% of weight on the right foot. There was significant difference in mean left plantar pressure, while the maximal plantar pressure and mean right plantar pressure did not differ significant. 2)The effective backswing of a skilled player is comprised a rightward shift in weight to build maximum energy. More than 90% of the weight was on the right foot. There was a significant difference in the mean left plantar pressure, while the maximal plantar pressure and mean right plantar pressure did not differ significantly. 3) For an effective impact, a rapid shift in weight to the left foot is essential, so that a power hit is obtained. Significant difference in the mean and maximum plantar pressures of both feet were observed. 4)Follow-through requires wight balance, more on the right than the left, without leaning leftward. There was no significant difference in the mean or maximum plantar pressure. 5)The center of plantar pressure should move from the center of the foot to the toe. 6)The analyses of the ground reaction force suggest that a good swing involves a gradual shift in weight to the right side and a rapid leftward shift at impact. Good balance, with the center of gravity on the right side at follow-through, is also required.

광고 모델의 시선 효과: 모델의 사회적 특성 지각과 광고 효과성 (Effects of ad endorser's gaze directions on social perceptions and advertising effectiveness)

  • 강정석
    • 감성과학
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    • 제18권1호
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    • pp.3-14
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    • 2015
  • 소비자가 광고에 대해서 반응할 때, 광고 모델의 시선(응시 방향)은 가장 중요한 비언어적 단서 중 하나이다. 광고 모델의 시선은 소비자가 모델의 사회적 특성을 어떻게 평가하는지(예, 매력도, 신뢰성)와 광고나 브랜드를 어떻게 평가하는지(예, 광고 태도, 브랜드 태도)에 영향을 미친다. 특히, 뇌의 정서 반응 비대칭 가설에 따르면, 오른손잡이 소비자는 모델이 좌측을 응시하는 광고를 볼 때 우측을 응시하는 광고를 볼 때보다 모델의 사회적 특성과 광고, 브랜드를 더 긍정적으로 평가한다. 본 연구는 온라인 실험을 통해서 무명 여성 광고 모델의 세 가지 시선 조건(정면, 좌측 그리고 우측 응시 조건)이 남성 실험 참가자의 광고 반응(모델 매력도 측면, 모델 신뢰도 측면 그리고 광고 효과성 측면)에 미치는 영향을 알아보았다. 본 연구 결과, 실험 참가자들은 광고 모델이 정면을 응시할 때가 우측을 응시할 때보다 모델이 광고 출연료를 받았으며 광고 브랜드 판매를 위해 소비자를 설득하려고 한다고 더 강하게 느끼지만 동시에 모델이 광고에 출연한 이유가 스스로 광고 브랜드를 진심으로 좋아하기 때문이라고 추론하는 경향이 더 강했다. 또한 실험 참가자들은 광고 모델이 정면을 응시할 때가 우측을 응시할 때 보다 광고에 대해서 더 긍정적인 태도를 보였다. 그러나 광고 모델의 좌측 응시 조건과 나머지 두 조건(정면 응시 조건과 우측 응시조건) 사이에 있어서 일관성 있는 실험 참가자의 모델 특성 평가와 광고 효과성 차이는 발견하지 못 했다.

모서리 접지면 슬롯과 PIN 다이오드를 이용한 편파 변환 마이크로스트립 안테나 (A Polarization-Switchable Microstrip Patch Antenna Using Corner Slots on Ground Plane and PIN Diodes)

  • 박철우;이태학;최준호;윤원상;표성민;김영식
    • 한국전자파학회논문지
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    • 제21권7호
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    • pp.769-777
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    • 2010
  • 본 논문에서는 모서리 접지면 슬롯과 PIN 다이오드를 이용하여 2.4 GHz에서 활용 가능한 편파 변환 특성의 마이크로스트립 패치 안테나를 제안하였다. 제안된 안테나는 정사각형 구조의 마이크로스트립 패치와 접지면에 위치한 두 쌍의 슬롯과 PIN 다이오드로 이루어져 있다. 제안된 안테나에서는 PIN 다이오드의 스위칭 특성을 이용하여 접지면 슬롯의 전기적 길이를 조정하였고, 이를 통해 선형 편파와 좌회전 편파, 우회전 편파 간의 변환 을 구현하였다. 또한 DC 바이어스 회로로 인한 접지면의 분리를 통해서 안테나는 크기 감소 효과를 얻었다. 안테나의 설계 주파수는 2.4 GHz이며, 선형 편파로 동작할 때에는 15 dB의 반사 손실과 59 MHz의 임피던스 대역폭을 가지고, 좌회전 원형 편파와 우회전 원형 편파시 각각 1.17 dB, 1.67 dB의 최소 축비 특성과 28 MHz, 32 MHz의 3-dB 축비 대역폭을 가진다.

콜레스테릴과 니트로아조벤젠 그룹을 지닌 히드록시프로필 셀룰로오스들의 열방성 액정 거동 (Thermotropic Liquid Crystalline Behavior of Hydroxypropyl Celluloses Bearing Cholesteryl and Nitroazobenzene Groups)

  • 정승용;마영대
    • 폴리머
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    • 제32권5호
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    • pp.446-457
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    • 2008
  • 세 종류의 히드록시프로필 셀룰로오스(HPC) 유도체들, 즉 에스터화도(DE)가 0.6에서 3의 범위에 있는 6-(콜레스테릴옥시카보닐)펜톡시프로필 셀룰로오스들(CHPEs), DE가 0.4에서 3의 범위에 있는 [6-4-{4'-(니트로페닐아조)펜옥시카보닐}] 펜톡시프로필 셀룰로오스들(NHPCs) 그리고 완전치환 6-(콜레스테릴옥시카보닐)펜타노화 NHPCs(CNHPCs)들을 합성함과 동시에 이들의 열방성 액정 특성들을 검토하였다. 모든 CHPCs 그리고 $DE{\leq}1.7$인 NHPCs는 쌍방성 콜레스테릭 상들을 형성하는 반면 6-(콜레스테릴옥시카보닐) 펜타노일 DE (DEC)가 1.6이상인 CNHPCs는 단방성 콜레스테릭 상들을 형성하였다. 한편, $DE{\geq}2.4$인 NHPCs 그리고 $DEC{\leq}3$인 CNHPCs는 단방성 네마틱 상들을 형성하였다. HPC와 동일하게, $DEC{\leq}1$인 NHPCs는 온도상승에 의해 광학피치들(${{\lambda}_m}'s$)이 증가하는 우측 방향의 나선구조를 형성하는 반면 모든 CHPCs는 온도상승에 의해 ${\lambda}_m$들이 감소하는 좌측방향의 나선구조를 형성하였다. 이들 유도체와 달리, $1.4{\leq}DE{\leq}1.7$인 NHPCs 그리고 $DEC{\geq}1.6$인 CNHPEs는 콜레스테릭 상의 전 범위에서 반사 색깔을 나타내지 않았다. 이러한 사실은 셀룰로오스 사슬 그리고 콜레스테릴 그룹에 의한 나선의 비틀림력은 mesogenic 그룹의 화학구조와 DE에 민감하게 의존함을 시사한다.

조선총독부 공문서(公文書) 제도 -기안(起案)에서 성책(成冊)까지의 과정을 중심으로- (The Chosun Governor General Office's Administration regarding Official Documents)

  • 이승일
    • 기록학연구
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    • 제9호
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    • pp.3-40
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    • 2004
  • In this article, the elements usually included in the official documents issued by the Chosun Governor General office, the process of a certain document being put together and legally authorized, and its path of circulation and preservation are all examined. In order to create an official document of the Governor General office with legal authorization, a draft of a bill had to go through several discussions and a subsequent agreement before it was finally approved. Personnels involved in the discussion stage had the authority to ask for modifications and retouching of the draft, and the modifying process were all recorded in order to make clear who was responsible for a certain change or who objected to what at any given stage of the process. The approved version of an official document was called the 'Completed one(成案), and it was issued after the contents were turned into a fair copy by the office that originated the draft in the first place. With the original finalized version left in custody of that office, the fair copy was handed over to the Document department which was responsible for issuing outgoing documents. After the document was issued and the contained orders were carried out, the originally involved offices began to classify the documents according to their own standards and measures for safekeeping, but it was the Document department that was mainly responsible for document preservation. The Document department classified the documents according to related offices, nature of the documents(편찬류별), and most suitable preservation methods(보존종별). The documents were made into books, and documents to be permanently destroyed were handed over to the Account office where they would be demolished. The manners of document processing of the Chosun Governor General office was in fact a modified version of the manners of the Japanese government. Modifications were made so that the process would be more suitable to the situations and environment of the Chosun society. The office's managing process was inherited by the Chosun government after the Liberation, and cast a significant impact upon the document managing manners of the Korean authorities. The official document administration of the Chosun Governor General office marked both the beginning of the colony document administration, and also the beginning of a modernized document managing system.

노인의 장악력 및 신체계측인자, 우울, 삶의 질에 관한 연구 : 2016년 국민건강영양조사를 이용하여 (An investigation of grip strength, anthropometric parameters, depression, quality of life in elders : Using Korea national health and nutrition examination survey (2016))

  • 강소라;김예순;문종훈
    • 고령자・치매작업치료학회지
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    • 제12권2호
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    • pp.19-28
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    • 2018
  • 목적 본 연구는 노인의 장악력을 표준화하고 장악력, 신체계측인자, 우울, 삶의 질 사이에 상관관계를 알아보고자 하였다. 연구방법 연구자는 2016년 국민건강영양조사를 분석에 이용하였으며, 활동제한이 없는 오른손잡이 노인 중 장악력 검사를 완료한 919명의 자료를 분석하였다. 노인 전체, 남성, 여성의 장악력을 65세~69세, 70세~74세, 75세~79세, 80세 이상으로 구분하여 장악력을 표준화하였다. 신체계측인자에는 키. 몸무게, 체질량지수, 허리둘레가 포함되었다. 우울은 PHQ-9로 측정되었고, 삶의 질은 EQ-5D로 평가되었다. 연구결과 노인의 오른손잡이의 비율은 87.8%, 왼손잡이 4.9%, 양손잡이 5.7%로 나타났다. 표준화 결과 및 상관분석에서, 남녀노인 모두 나이가 증가함에 따라 장악력이 감소하였다(p<.01, r=-.308~-.305). 장악력은 키와 가장 높은 상관성을 나타냈다(p<.01, r=.747~.741). 장악력은 우울(p<.01, r=-.172~-.163)과 삶의 질(p<.01, r=.285~.267) 사이에 유의한 상관이 있었다. 결론 본 연구의 결과는 노인의 연령별 장악력 수준을 고려할 때, 키, 우울, 삶의 질에 따라 장악력의 차이가 나타날 수 있음을 고려할 필요가 있음을 시사한다.

중기 밀턴의 종교적, 윤리적, 정치적 이상주의 -그의 영웅적 소네트와 산문의 관련성을 중심으로 (Religious, Ethical, and Political Idealism in Middle Milton: Focusing on the Relationship between His Heroic Sonnets and Prose Works)

  • 최재헌
    • 영어영문학
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    • 제56권1호
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    • pp.135-156
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    • 2010
  • In the 1640's and 1650's, Milton wrote many prose works on a variety of topics such as education, church polity, divorce, censorship, regicide, tithing, civil liberty, and blindness. Much of his prose shows us turbulent decades of English history. In this period, he also published his first collection of poems and wrote sonnets. He wrote 23 sonnets in his life, and many sonnets Milton wrote after he had become Latin secretary are occasional poems in historical time. Milton's sonnets, as Annabel Patterson says, are a marker in his personal development, in his life, in his career as a writer, and in the history of his time. Four sonnets (15, 16, 17, 23), written between 1648 and 1655, were not published in the collected edition of Milton's poem in 1673. These sonnets, addressed to leaders of the Parliamentary party during the English revolution, Thomas Fairfax, Oliver Cromwell, and Henry Vane, and to his friend Cyriack Skinner, have been known as "commonwealth" sonnets. They are also called as "heroic sonnets" because they have the common style and theme with his later heroic epic poems. These sonnets were finally published in 1694 by Milton's nephew John Phillips. Milton was interested in religious, domestic, and political liberty for his lifetime, and his heroic sonnets also deal with these ideas of liberty. Milton asks civil liberty from Fairfax, freedom in religion from Cromwell, and from Vane for the reconciliation of both. The aim of this article is to examine how the rhetorical strategies of his "left-handed" prose interact with those of his "right-handed" poetry. This paper explores the relationship between Milton's heroic sonnets and his prose works, such as The Second Defense of the People of England, A Treatise of Civil Power, and The Likeliest Means to Remove Hirelings. Milton deals with the critical issues of religious tolerance, the separation of church and state, liberty of conscience and defense of his blindness, and attempts to define the statesman's role in peacetime England in these heroic sonnets and prose works.

곡지, 족삼리 침자극이 뇌활성화에 미치는 영향에 대한 뇌기능적 자기공명영상을 이용한 연구 (Functional MRI Study of Changes in Brain Activity by Manual Acupuncture at LI11 or ST36)

  • 조승연;장건호;박성욱;정우상;문상관;고창남;조기호;김영석;배형섭;박정미
    • 대한한의학회지
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    • 제31권1호
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    • pp.81-92
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    • 2010
  • Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess bra in activation and difference by LI11 or ST36 acupuncture stimulation using functional MRI (fMRI). Methods: A total of 10 healthy right-handed volunteers were studied. LI11 acupuncture and ST36 acupuncture stimulations were applied in order on the left. The block design paradigm of RARARA was used for the task, with R representing rest and A representing stimulation, and each period lasted 30 seconds. fMRI data were analyzed using SPM2. Results: The left LI11 acupuncture stimulation activated both sides of the inferior parietal lobule, the left side of the extra-nuclear, culmen and inferior semi-lunar lobules. On the right side, the nodule and midbrain regions were activated by the left LI11 acupuncture stimulation. The left ST36 acupuncture stimulation activated the right side of the superior frontal gyrus, middle frontal gyrus, superior parietal lobule, inferior semi-lunar lobule and pyramis. On the left side, the sub-gyral, middle temporal gyrus, fusiform gyrus, supramarginal gyrus, extra-nuclear, cingulate gyrus and fastigium regions were activated by the left ST36 acupuncture stimulation. Besides, both sides of the paracentral lobule, inferior parietal lobule, culmen, cerebellar tonsil and midbrain regions were activated. Conclusions: In conclusion, brain signal activation patterns according to acupoints were observed to differ, and ST36 acupuncture stimulation activated more regions than LI11. It is supposed that LI11 and ST36 acupuncture stimulations have an influence on motor function and sensory aphasia, and these stimulations thus represent potential for ocular motor dysfunction, discriminative touch or position sense disorder. Moreover, ST36 acupuncture stimulation activated the cingulate gyrus of the limbic system, so it seems to have an influence over autonomic functions.