• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Medical Physics Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.91-95
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• 2004

Several MRI studies have reported reductions in temporal lobe volumes in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Measures have been usually obtained with regions-of-interest (ROI) drawn manually on selected medial and lateral portions of the temporal lobes, with variable choices of anatomical borders across different studies. We used the automated voxel-based morphometry (VBM) approach to investigate gray matter abnormalities over the entire extension of the temporal lobe in 10AD patients (MM5E 22)and 22 healthy controls. Foci of significantly reduced gray matter volume in AD patients were detected in both medial and lateral temporal regions, most significantly in the right and left posterior parahippocarmpal gyri. At a more flexible statistical threshold (P<0.01, uncorrected for multiple comparisons), circumscribed foci of significant gray matter reduction were also detected in the right amygdala/enthorinal cortex, the anterior and posterior borders of the superior temporal gyrus bilaterally, and the anterior portion of the left middle temporal gyrus. These VBM results confirm previous findings of temporal lobe atrophic changes in AD, and suggest that these abnormalities may be confined to specific sites within that lobe, rather than showing a widespread distribution.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.145-149
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• 2008

Osteomas are benign osteoblastic tumors that occur mainly in the fronto-ethmoid areas ofthe head and neck region. When they occasionally occur in the temporal bone, the external auditory canal is the most common site of origin; they rarely occur in the mastoid region. Moreover, mastoid osteoma with mastoiditis is an extremely rare entity in the temporal bone. Recently, the authors experienced a case of mastoid osteoma with mastoiditis in the left temporal bone. The mastoid osteoma was completely resected itself without a mastoidectomy, only for correction of the cosmetic deformity; the mastoiditis was not treated. Hence, the authors report the first case of a mastoid osteoma with mastoiditis in Korea, along with a review of the related literature.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Cognitive Science Conference
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.42-47
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• 2010

Speech shares acoustic features with other sound-based processing, which makes it difficult to distinguish phonological process from acoustic process in speech processing. In this study, we examined the difference between acoustic process and phonological process during repetition tasks. By contrasting various stimuli in different lengths, we localized neural correlates of acoustic process within bilateral superior temporal gyrus, which was consistent with the previous studies. The activated patterns were widely overlapped between words and pseudowords, i.e., contents-free. In contrast, phonological process showed left-lateralized activation in middle temporal gyrus located at anterior temporal areas. It implies that phonological process is contents-specific as shown in our previous study, and at the same time, more language-specific. Thus, we suggest that phonological process is distinguished from acoustic process in that it is always accompanied with the obligatory access to available phonological codes, which can be an entry of the mental lexicon.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.23 no.7
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• pp.862-869
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• 2020

This study attempted to analyze human brain responses toward visual content through EEG signals and intended to measure brain wave reactions of different age groups to determine the sexuality level of the media. The experimental stimuli consist of three different video footage (rated ages 12, 15, and 18) to analyze how subjects react in situations where they actually watch sexual content. For measuring and analyzing brain wave reactions, EEG equipment records alpha, beta, and gamma wave responses of the subjects' left and right frontal lobes, temporal lobes, and occipital lobes. The subjects of this study were 28 total and they are divided into two groups. The experiment configures a sexual content classification scale with age or gender as a discriminating variable and brain region-specific response frequencies (left/right, frontal/temporal/occipital, alpha/beta/gamma waves) as independent variables. The experimental results showed the possibility of distinguishing gender and age differences. The apparent differences in brain wave response areas and bands among high school girls, high school boys, and college students are found. Using these brain wave response data, this study explored the potential of developing algorithm for measurement of age-specific responses to sexual content and apply it as a film rating.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.335-340
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• 2020

Objectives: This study sought to evaluate the efficacy of injecting botulinum toxin into the masseter and temporal muscles in patients with temporomandibular myofascial pain and sleep bruxism. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted based on a clinical record review of 44 patients (36 females and eight males; mean age, 35.70±12.66 years). Patients who underwent the injection of botulinum toxin into the masseter and temporal muscles for the management of temporomandibular myofascial pain and sleep bruxism were included in the study. Patients were diagnosed based on the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders. Sleep bruxism was diagnosed according to the criteria defined by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine. The values of the visual analogue scale (VAS) and range of jaw motion, including unassisted maximum mouth opening (MMO), protrusion, and right and left laterotrusion, were observed preoperatively and postoperatively at one-, three-, and six-month follow-up visits. Results: MMO, movements of the right and the left laterotrusion, and protrusion increased significantly (P<0.05), while VAS ratings decreased significantly at the three follow-up points relative to baseline values (P<0.05). Conclusion: Botulinum toxin is an effective treatment for patients with temporomandibular myofascial pain and sleep bruxism.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.32-34
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• 2014

A 77-year-old man developed acute vertigo and unsteady gait. Neurological examination revealed spontaneous left-beating nystagmus in the primary position. He fell to the left when walking without support. Magnetic resonance imaging showed an acute infarction involving the right parieto-temporal lobe. Although the vertigo and unsteady gait are most often associated with vestibular disorders involving the infratentorial structures, those may occur in cerebral infarction of the parieto-temporal lobe.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.22 no.8
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• pp.1077-1084
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• 2012

This study investigated the effects of Origanum majorana essential aroma therapy on electrical activity in the brain as evaluated by an electroencephalogram (EEG). The subjects were 29 healthy female young adults, and their sleep quality was assessed by using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. EEG electrodes were attached at the frontal, temporal, occipital, and parietal lobes according to the international 10-20 system. Subjects were exposed to organic Origanum majorana essential aroma (50 ${\mu}l$) for a period of 3 minutes each before, during, and after aromatherapy. Subjects with good sleep quality showed that Origanum majorana essential aroma increased the theta power at the frontal and temporal lobes of both cerebral hemispheres, the left parietal lobe, and the right occipital lobe. Furthermore, Origanum majorana essential aroma decreased the alpha power at the left occipital lobe and the beta power at the right temporal lobe. On the other hand, subjects with poor sleep quality showed an increase in the theta power at the temporal lobe of both cerebral hemispheres and a decrease in the alpha power at the left parietal lobe by Origanum majorana essential aroma therapy. It is concluded that Origanum majorana essential aroma therapy diminishes the state of wakefulness in the brain; alpha and beta powers were both decreased in the subjects with good sleep quality, but only alpha power was decreased in the subjects with poor sleep quality. Moreover, Origanum majorana essential aroma therapy has a sleep-inducing effect in both subjects with good sleep quality and poor sleep quality.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.437-444
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• 2021

The aim of this study was to compare the cardiac CT and cardiac MRI in calculating and correcting the left ventricle ejection fraction by analyzing the physical and temporal resolution for reducing the misdiagnosis rate. One hundred thirty-eight patients with aortic value regurgitation who underwent both cardiac CT and cardiac MRI were analyzed. Left ventricle ejection fractions calculated from each exam were corrected based on the physical and temporal resolution differences and the reliability test evaluated whether the misdiagnosis rate of cardiac CT was improved after the correction. As a result of the study, the misdiagnosis rate of cardiac CT ejection fraction before correcting the difference in physical and temporal resolution was 38.4%(53 persons). In addition, it can be seen that the corrected cardiac CT ejection fraction confirmed in the Bland-Altman plot was highly consistent with the ejection fraction of cardiac MRI. In conclusion, as the cardiac CT is less well suited for measuring ejection fraction, physical characteristics and the time resolution correction using cardiac MRI is needed and the misdiagnosis rate after correction decreased to 14.5%(20 persons). Therefore, this study appears more appropriate for better prediction of ejection fraction and clinical utility.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.37
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• pp.39.1-39.6
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• 2015

Skull-base osteomyelitis is a rare disease affecting the medulla of the temporal, sphenoid, and occipital bones. In general, it occurs due to external ear canal infections caused by malignant external otitis. Skull-base osteomyelitis usually affects elderly diabetic patients. The patient, a 58-year-old man, was referred for evaluation and management of the left jaw. Clinical examination of the patient revealed pain in the left jaw and mouth-opening deflection to the left. The maximum active mouth opening was measured to about 27 mm. Panoramic, CT, and CBCT revealed bone resorption patterns in the left condyle. Through control of diabetes, continued pharmacological treatment, arthrocentesis, and occlusal stabilization appliance therapy were carried out. The extent of active mouth opening was increased to 45 mm, and pain in the left jaw joint was alleviated. This was a case wherein complications caused by failure to control diabetes induced skull-base osteomyelitis. There is a need for continued discussion about the advantages and disadvantages of arthrocentesis with lavage for patients with skull-base osteomyelitis and other treatment options.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.411-413
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• 2007

We report on a diabetic 52-year-old man who complained ocular floating sensation, headache and dizziness, in whom a left parieto-occipital dural ateriovenous fistulas [DAVFs], fed by bilateral superficial temporal arteries and occipital artery, drained into the cortical vein of the left parieto-occipital convexity. Because the patient's chief complaint was ocular symptom for diabetic retinopathy, we initially didn't consider an DAVFs until brain magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] was done. Diffusion-weighted brain MRI revealed acute cerebral infarction and microhemorrhage in the lesion. Transarterial embolization with mixture of glue and lipiodol obliterated the DAVFs completely. Although the DAVFs fed by multi-arteries, the fistulous portion has been disappeared after embolization via an only left occipital artery Endovascular embolization of the fistula led to symptomatic improvement, except ocular discomfort.