• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제24권9호
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• pp.895-902
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• 1991

The surgical experience on 18 patients with benign or malignant stricture of the esophagus who underwent isoperistaltic interposition of left colon from April 1989 to July 1991 was reviewed. During same period 22 esophageal reconstructions with colon were performed, but 3 patients who had intraabdominal adhesion in the left upper quadrant and one patient who had uncertainty of blood supply of left colic artery could not undergo iso-peristaltic interposition of left colon. There were 12 male and 6 female patients ranging from 16 to 65 years of age. 12 patients had corrosive esophageal stricture, two had cancer of esophagus, and another two had hypopharyngeal cancer. The postoperative complications developed in 7 patients [38.8%] and most frequently encountered complication was cervical anastomotic leakage, which was successfully managed with simple drainage in all cases but one malignant patient. There was no operative mortality. The esophageal reconstruction with isoperistaltic left colon resulted in good function in 14 patients[77.8%], fair in 3 patients[16.7], and poor in 1 patient[5.6%]. In this experience esophageal reconstruction using isoperistaltic left colon is a satisfactory method that can be accomplished with acceptable morbidity and mortality.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제27권10호
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• pp.868-873
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• 1994

We experienced a very rare case of pulmonary blastoma in a 29 year old female. She complained of left chest pain and dyspnea for 1 month. The characteristic feature of this tumor is it`s biphasic pattern consisting of a spindle cell stroma containing glandular structures. A serial check of simple chest X-ray and computed tomography revealed a growing huge lung mass occupying whole left thorax. We successfully removed the upper lobe of left lung with a huge tumor mass. Pathologic study revealed this tumor as pulmonary blastoma. We report a case with review of literature.

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.389-392
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• 2009

The purpose of this note is to improve several known results on GQ-injective rings. We investigate in this paper the von Neumann regularity of left GQ-injective rings. We give an answer a question of Ming in the positive. Actually it is proved that if R is a left GQ-injective ring whose simple singular left R-modules are GP-injective then R is a von Neumann regular ring.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.379-385
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• 2009

The vergence control of binocular stereoscopic camera is the most essential factor for acquiring high quality stereoscopic images. In this paper, we proposed a binocular stereoscopic camera vergence control method using disparity information by the simple image processing and estimate the quantity of vergence control using the Lagrange interpolation equation. The method of extracting disparity information through image processing is as follows: first the key-object in left & right images was extracted through labeling of the central area of the image, and then a simple method was used for calculating the disparity value of the same key-object in the labeled left and right images. The vergence control method uses disparity information and keeps the convergence distance of left & right cameras and the distance of the key-object the same. According to the proposed method, variance in the distance of the key-object and application of calculated disparity information of obtained left & right images to the quadratic Lagrange interpolation equation could estimate the quantity of vergence control, which confirmed that the method of stereoscopic camera vergence control can be simplified through experiments on various key-objects and other convergence distance.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.418-421
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• 1994

The usage of autosuture instruments and techniques in resection of bronchovascular structures gained increasing acceptance amongst surgeons in the recent years. The manipulation of these devices are simple, safe, and shortens operating time by avoiding numerous ties and sutures. We have been using autosuture instruments in most of pulmonary resections in Yongdong Severance hospital, and had a satisfactory results. However, we recently have experienced post-pneumonectomy rupture of left pulmonary vein on postoperative one day where the rupture site was in the border of left atrium and left pulmonary vein where the stapler was fired. The patient underwent emergency operation to control massive bleeding and successfully managed by left atrial suture.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.172-184
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• 2010

본 연구는 과학영재교육원의 지구과학영재들을 대상으로 좌/우뇌 활용 선호도에 따른 문제해결의 접근 방식에 관한 유형을 알아보기 위한 것이다. 지구과학 영재 16명을 대상으로 뇌활용 선호도를 알아보기 위하여 R/LCT, BPI를 실시하였고, 문제해결방식을 알아보기 위하여 S-CPST를 실시하였다. R/LCT에서 좌뇌 성향의 학생은 8명, 우뇌 성향은 7명, 중간 점수를 보인 학생은 1명이었다. BPI에서는 좌뇌 성향의 학생이 8명, 우뇌 성향은 8명이었다. S-CPST 에서 좌뇌 성향의 학생들은 먼저 구성 요소에 흥미를 갖고 그 특징을 탐색했다. 또, 숫자나 기호 등을 사용해 논리적이고 객관적으로 문제를 해결하는 반면 자신의 아이디어를 그림으로 표현하는 것을 어려워했다. 우뇌 성향의 학생들은 3단계문제해결방식을 나타냈다. 먼저 전체적인 형태에 관심을 갖고, 둘째, 각각의 구성요소 분석하고, 셋째, 이들을 종합하여 다시 전체로 조직하였다. 또, 직관적 패턴을 보고 문제의 해결 방법을 여러 가지로 제시하며 그림을 사용하여 구체화시켰다. 결과적으로 지구과학 영재들은 좌/우뇌 성향에 따라 서로 다른 방식으로 문제를 해결하였다. 따라서 보다 효과적인 지구과학 영재교육을 위하여 영재들의 좌/우뇌 성향을 고려한 교수학습방법이 요구된다.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.223-234
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• 2003

This note contains the following results for a ring A : (1) A is simple Artinian if and only if A is a prime right YJ-injective, right and left V-ring with a maximal right annihilator ; (2) if A is a left quasi-duo ring with Jacobson radical J such that $_{A}$A/J is p-injective, then the ring A/J is strongly regular ; (3) A is von Neumann regular with non-zero socle if and only if A is a left p.p.ring containing a finitely generated p-injective maximal left ideal satisfying the following condition : if e is an idempotent in A, then eA is a minimal right ideal if and only if Ae is a minimal left ideal ; (4) If A is left non-singular, left YJ-injective such that each maximal left ideal of A is either injective or a two-sided ideal of A, then A is either left self-injective regular or strongly regular : (5) A is left continuous regular if and only if A is right p-injective such that for every cyclic left A-module M, $_{A}$M/Z(M) is projective. ((5) remains valid if 《continuous》 is replaced by 《self-injective》 and 《cyclic》 is replaced by 《finitely generated》. Finally, we have the following two equivalent properties for A to be von Neumann regula. : (a) A is left non-singular such that every finitely generated left ideal is the left annihilator of an element of A and every principal right ideal of A is the right annihilator of an element of A ; (b) Change 《left non-singular》 into 《right non-singular》in (a).(a).

• 대한수학회지
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.775-784
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• 2009

In 1932, Lehmer [4] gave the definition of a ternary semigroup. We can see that any semigroup can be reduced to a ternary semigroup. In this paper, we give some auxiliary results which are also necessary for our considerations and characterize the relationship between the (0-)minimal and maximal ordered lateral ideals and the lateral simple and lateral 0-simple ordered ternary semigroups analogous to the characterizations of minimal and maximal left ideals in ordered semigroups considered by Cao and Xu [2].

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.348-354
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• 1978

Myxoma constitue about 50% of a II primary cardiac, tumor (incidence 0.03%) and occur in any of the cardiac chambers, but about 75% of themare found in the left atrium. As is well known, left atrial myxoma usually simulates mitral valvular disease, and it tends to bring about postural syncope and frequent embolic manifestaticns. The clinical manifestation of left atrial myxoma upon the circulation are obstructive effects, embolic effects and constitutional effects. Diagnosis is now most of all important since surgery can be dramatically curable, whereas untreated myxoma apparently invariably lead to deadful course. Preaprative diagncsis by echocardiogram is so simple and accurate for detection of myxoma that awareness of mitral valvular heart disease with rapid deterioration must be screened. We have diagnosed one case of the left atrial myxoma preopratively by phonocardiogram, echocardiogram and levophase pulmonary angiograJ;n and successfully treated by operation under extra corporeal circulation. A 38 years old housewife was admitted to the National Medical Center because of dyspnea, and paroxysmal cough on occasions for prior to hospitalization. Operation was carried out by median sternotomy and left atriotomy with mild hypothermia under E.C.C. The left atrial myxoma was extirpated including endocardial fragment and its weight was 23gm. The hospital course was not eventful and she can work nowadays without symptoms.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.27-34
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• 2009

In "Maekyojeongmiron(脈要精微論)", Jangbu(臟腑) is assigned to Chon.Gwan.Cheok(寸關尺) in according to the position. Kidney[腎] is assigned to the backward area of Cheok. Abdominal cavity[腹中] is assigned to the middle area of Cheok. Hypochondrium[季脇] is assigned to the forward area of Cheok. Liver[肝] is assigned to the backward area of left Gwan. Diaphragm[鬲] is assigned to the forward area of left Gwan. Stomach[胃] is assigned to the backward area of right Gwan. Spleen[脾] is assigned to the forward area of right Gwan. Heart[心] is assigned to the backward area of left Chon. Central part of the chest[膻中] is assigned to the forward area of left Chon. Lung[肺] is assigned to the backward area of right Chon. Thoracic cavity[胸中] is assigned to the forward area of right Chon. This method of assignment is simple and useful in clinic.