• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.377-384
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• 2010

The present study examined whether metformin treatment prevents isoporterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy in mice. Chronic subcutaneous infusion of isoproterenol (15 mg/kg/24 h) for 1 week using an osmotic minipump induced cardiac hypertrophy measured by the heart-to-body weight ratio and left ventricular posterior wall thickness. Cardiac hypertrophy was accompanied with increased interleukin-6 (IL-6), transforming growth factor (TGF)-${\beta}$, atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), collagen I and III, and matrix metallopeptidase 2 (MMP-2). Coinfusion of metformin (150 mg/kg/24 h) with isoproterenol partially inhibited cardiac hypertrophy that was followed by reduced IL-6, TGF-${\beta}$, ANP, collagen I and III, and MMP-2. Chronic subcutaneous infusion of metformin did not increase AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity in heart, although acute intraperitoneal injection of metformin (10 mg/kg) increased AMPK activity. Isoproterenol increased nitrotyrosine levels and mRNA expression of antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase and metformin treatment normalized these changes. These results suggest that metformin inhibits cardiac hypertrophy through attenuating oxidative stress.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제29권9호
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• pp.1255-1257
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• 2000

The authors present a case of subperisoteal orbital hematoma which is extended from subgaleal hematoma. A 15-year-old-male was admitted with a complaint of multiple visual symptoms of left eye following blunt head trauma. He has suffered from Wilson's disease. Several coagulative laboratory findings were abnormal(fibrinogen and coaguation factor V, X). Computed tomography, sonography and magnetic resonance imaging established the subperiosteal orbital extension of subgaleal hematoma into the orbital cavity. Needle aspiration of orbital subperiosteal hematoma was failed but symptoms and signs of the patient were much improved spontaneously following decrease of subgaleal hematoma. The literature is reviewed and management is discussed.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.349-352
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• 2009

Cementoblastoma is a benign ectomesenchymal odontogenic neoplasm that forms a mass of cementum or cementum-like tissue continuous with the tooth root. Cementoblastoma represents 1% to 6.2% of all odontogenic tumors, and occurs more than 75% arise in the mandible, with most cases arising in the molar and premolar regions. About 75% arises before the age of 30. Radiographically, it appears as a radiopaque mass with a thin radiolucent rim attached to the roots of a tooth. The recurrence rate is 37% in the current study and cortical expansion and perforation of the cortex are common findings in lesions that subsequently recurred. It is apparent that recurrence rate depends largely on the completeness of removal than any other factor. Here we present a 20 year old, female case of an unusual multiple recurrent cementoblastoma around a previous lesion which had been surgically excised 2 years ago.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제67권1호
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• pp.47-51
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• 2009

Loss of appetite is an important factor in the quality of life for advanced cancer patients. Megestrol acetate is used to stimulate appetite, but it can cause suppression of the pituitary adrenal axis due to the affinity of the glucocorticoid receptor. Adrenal insufficiency is a life threatening disorder if left, untreated, but the initial clinical symptoms of the patients are vague. Awareness of the glucocorticoid-like activity of megestrol acetate and its side effects are important for the diagnosis of adrenal insufficiency. We present a case of secondary adrenal insufficiency associated with megestrol acetate in a patient with lung cancer.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.35-40
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• 2010

Stiffness of the posterior deltoid is as a causative factor in the limited range of glenohumeral horizontal adduction and various other shoulder pathologies including shoulder impingement syndrome, frozen shoulder, and humerus anterior glide syndrome. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of two techniques (soft tissue massage and cross-body stretch) on increasing the range of horizontal adduction. Thirty-two subjects with a $10^{\circ}$ or greater difference between the right and left sides in horizontal adduction were selected. Sixteen subjects from each group were allocated randomly. Interventions were applied on six occasions for 2 weeks, and the range of horizontal adduction was measured using an inclinometer at pre-and post-intervention. A $2{\times}2$ analysis of variance (intervention${\times}$time) was used to compare the effects of the two techniques. In the soft tissue massage group, the angle of horizontal adduction significantly increased compared with the cross-body stretch group. These findings indicate that the soft tissue massage of the posterior deltoid muscle is a more effective method to increase the flexibility of the glenohumeral horizontal adduction.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.225-230
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• 2016

Inflammation from chronic and acute infections of distal organs and tissues such as periodontitis is a risk factor for atherosclerotic vascular processes. Recently, a new model of atherosclerosis with vascular pathologies was developed in the Mongolian gerbil. In this study, we attempted to develop a model of ligature-induced periodontitis in gerbils and compared the characteristics of that periodontitis model with that in rats and mice. Each gerbil, rat, and mouse was randomly assigned to groups of control and periodontitis. A thread was placed around the cervix of the right and left first molars in the mandible with knots placed on the mesial side of each molar. At day 14 after the ligation, the animals were sacrificed and their mandibles were dissected. To measure alveolar bone loss along with inflammation, histopathological and micro-CT analyses were carried out. Gerbils showed tooth characteristics of deeper gingival crevice, longer cusp, longer root trunk and shorter root than those of rats and mice. The increased CEJ-ABC distance in distal and PDL area in furcation was also observed in ligated gerbils. An inflammatory response in the connective tissue under the junctional epithelium was also shown in all the animals. As a result, we confirmed the induction of periodontitis by ligature in the gerbils. We therefore consider the gerbil to be a useful model for investigating relationship between periodontitis and vascular disease in the same animal.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.151-159
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• 2012

This study performs an empirical analysis of relationships between business start-up factors, product/service level, and business performance of restaurant business start-up. This study has some limitations in that it covers only the restaurants in Kangwon-Do province instead of nationwide, it considers only four start-up factors, and it measures the business performance only by the increase in net-profit and customers excluding other financial performance factors. Some in-depth case study for successful versus nonsuccessful groups considering the features of industrial types is left for further study.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.67-70
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• 2017

Down syndrome (DS, trisomy 21) is associated with neuroanatomical abnormalities, including choroid plexus cysts and various types of brain tumors. Trisomy 21 is associated with oncogenic factor, especially in brain tumor. The brain of DS patients had a smaller volume of gray and white matter and an unbalanced cerebellum volume, indicating a smaller volume overall than normal. We report a case of a DS male patient who had an incidentally discovered neuroglial cyst in left cerebellar vermis. He visited our hospital with gait disturbance and fatigue. But, the neurologic exam was normal. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of a neuroglial cyst in a trisomy 21 patient. As the developmental mechanisms of a cyst and the choroid plexus are related, more research is needed.

• Journal of the Speleological Society of Korea
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• 제63호
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• pp.61-79
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• 2004

The Franz Josef Glacier is sited 250 m above sea level. The moisture westerly winds from Tasman Sea and the feature of the alp geomorphology have made the Franz Josef Slatier. That is why the Franz Josef Slatier is. The Franz Josef Slatier has receded during the past century in response to global warming since the end of the Little ice Age in the 1890s. Even between 2002 and 2003, the Franz Josef Glacier is confirmed retreat ins. This is confirmed by climate factors. The expressing of the Franz Josef Slatier retreating in 2003 which is advanced air temperature and amount of precipitation in 1998 than compared another years. There are lots of metamorphic rock as known biotite, schist, greywack and the Alpine Fault is passing near the Franz Josef Glacier. The grooved and scratching trend surface the rock are observed as the evidence of retreating glacier left.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.45-50
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• 1976

The author observed morphological change in palate development of rat embryo after irradiation of x-ray on the one side of the duplex uterus. The time-matings occured between 6 p.m. and 8 p.m. and all females with copulation plugs at 8 a.m. were isolated and properly marked for evidence of copulation. The lower left abdomen of mothers were exposed to x-radiation on the 7 1/2th, 9 1/2th, 11 1/2th day of gestation, respectively 150, 250, 350, 500rads. At 18 1/2th day of post-conception, the pregnant females were dissected and the contents of the two uteri examined. The translucent sample by Alizarin red S stain were prepared. The results were as follows; 1. The result that groups irradiated by 250rads and 350rads made marked difference in comparison with the control group suggests the x-ray to be a inducing factor of cleft palate. 2. At 11 1/2th day of gestation, incidence of cleft palate induced by x-irradiation was highest. 3. Mortality showed the highest frequency at 7 1/2th day of gestation and tended to decrease in according to increasing of age. 4. Morphology of cleft palate induced by x-irradiation showed similarity in comparison with those induced by other factors having reported ever.