• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제24권9호
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• pp.1233-1242
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• 2011

The in vivo digestibility of mulberry leaves (Morus alba) and the effects of the partial replacement of cotton seed with fresh mulberry leaf in rations on the performance of growing Vietnamese cattle was investigated. For the in vivo digestibility trial, twenty castrated rams of Phanrang breed (a local prolific breed) with an initial weight of 23-25 kg, were first assigned to four groups according to weight and then randomly assigned to one of four dietary treatments to determine digestibility of nutrients in mulberry leaves (M. alba), natural Bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon), elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) and buffalo grass (Panicum maximum cv. TD 58). All forages were cut and chopped daily before being offered (at 120% maintenance) to the sheep. In the feeding trial, 20 Laisind (Vietnam yellow cows${\times}$Red Sindhy bulls) crossbred bulls averaged 18 month old and 184 kg were used to investigate the effect of partial replacement of cottonseed in the diet by mulberry leaves on live weight gain and feed conversion rate. The experiment was a randomized complete block design with four levels of fresh mulberry leaves which varied from 0 to 15% of total dietary dry mater and five animals per treatment over an 84 day period. The in vivo digestion trial showed the superior quality of mulberry leaves compared with the grasses. Chemical analysis indicated that mulberry leaves had the highest CP and the lowest NDF contents (22.3 and 31.1% DM, respectively) among the four forages tested. Digestibility of DM and OM of the mulberry leaf (66.4 and 71.8%, respectively) was also the highest but that of CP (58.2%) and NDF (58.4%) was the lowest of the four forages evaluated (p<0.05). Consequently, the ME value and therefore net energy (NE) and unit feed for lactation (UFL) values of the mulberry leaves, which was estimated from chemical composition and digestibility values, were the highest among the forages investigated in the present study. Results of the feeding trial showed no treatment effect on average daily gain (ADG) of the cattle. The values were 554, 583, 565 and 568 g/d for animals in the diets of 0, 5, 10, and 15% mulberry leaves inclusion, respectively. Total DM intake of the animal was not affected by the treatment when expressed as kg/animal/d. However, when adjusted for metabolic weight of the animal the DM intake was reduced (p<0.05) as whole cottonseed was replaced by mulberry leaves in the ration. When the level of mulberry leaves in the ration increased from 5 to 15% of dietary DM at the expense of whole cottonseed, CP and ME intakes of the cattle were significantly decreased (p<0.05) and the feed to gain ratio reduced by 8 to 14% as compared with the control diet (p<0.05). Mulberry leaf is a good feed ingredient for ruminants because of its high level of crude protein and high digestibility of nutrients and energy. Mulberry leaves can be efficiently used as a source of protein supplement to replace cottonseed, a more expensive animal feeds ingredient, in the diet for Vietnamese cattle.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• 제28권
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• pp.1-7
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• 2010

산뽕잎, 은행잎 및 혼합차의 침출시간에 따른 항산화 활성을 DPPH 라디칼 소거 활성과 FRAP 방법으로 조사하였으며, 총 페놀 화합물의 함량은 Folin-Ciocalteu법, 플라보노이드 함량은 HPLC로 분석하였다. 침출시간에 따라서 DPPH 라디칼 소거활성과 FRAP 활성은 은행잎차, 혼합차, 산뽕잎차 순으로 높게 나타났다. 총 페놀 성분 함량은 은행잎차, 혼합차, 산뽕잎차 순으로 높았으며 산뽕잎에 은행잎을 2:1로 혼합하였을 때 항산화 활성이 증가하였다. 침출시간 3분 정도에서 산뽕잎차 및 혼합차는 비교적 항산화 활성이 높았으며 은행잎차는 6분 까지 활성이 증가하였다. HPLC로 분석한 플라보노이드 성분 함량은 quercetin이 모든 차에서 가장 함량이 높았으며, 은행잎차, 혼합차, 산뽕잎차 순으로 플라보노이드의 총 함량이 높게 나타났다. 제조한 침출차 들의 항산화 성분 함량과 항산화 활성의 상관계수는 0.87 이상으로 상관성이 상당히 높았다.

• 한국잡초학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.211-221
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• 2012

선행연구를 통해 18종의 호박 품종에 대한 엽위별 paraquat에 대한 내성 반응을 조사한 결과, 1엽<2엽<3엽<4엽 순이었다. 이들 품종 중에서 엽령간 뚜렷한 내성차이가 있는 중앙애호박의 경우 4엽은 1엽에 비해 paraquat에 대해 3배 이상의 높은 내성을 보였다. 또한 이들 4엽의 물 추출물과 paraquat를 혼용하여 옥수수 경엽에 처리시 paraquat 약해를 경감시켰다. 따라서 본 연구는 paraquat 약해를 경감시키는 물질이 어린 호박잎에 존재하는지를 알아보기 위하여 수행하였다. MeOH 추출물보다 물 추출물에서 paraquat 활성경감이 더 높아서 물 추출물을 실리카겔과 Sephadex LH-20 칼럼크로마토그래피와 TLC, HPLC를 이용하여 paraquat 활성 경감 효과를 보이는 순수물질을 얻어 NMR을 통해 분석한 결과 malic acid로 추정되었다. 따라서 malic acid가 paraquat 활성경감 물질여부를 확인하기 위하여 malic acid와 paraquat를 옥수수에 동시 처리하였다. 처리 후 1일째 $100{\mu}M$ paraquat를 단독으로 처리한 경우 옥수수 잎 피해가 62% 발생하였으나 $100{\mu}M$ paraquat에 malic acid를 각각 0.1, 0.3, 0.5 및 1% 혼용처리한 경우 잎 피해가 전혀 발생하지 않았다.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.81-87
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• 2013

Inhibition of corrosion of mild steel in sulphuric acid by acidic extract of Jatropha Curcas leaves has been studied using weight loss and thermometric measurements. It was found that the leaves extract act as a good corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in all concentrations of the extract. The inhibition action depends on the concentration of the Jatropha Curcas leaves extract in the acid solution. Results for weight loss and thermometric measurements indicate that inhibition efficiency increase with increasing inhibitor concentration. The adsorption of Jatropha curcas leaves extract on the surface of the mild steel specimens obeys Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Based on the results, Jatropha curcas leaves extract is recommended for use in industries as a replacement for toxic chemical inhibitors.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.1217-1222
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• 1998

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of mulberry leaves on lipid metabolism in cho lesterol induced hypercholesterolemia rats. The mulberry treatment group showed decreases of serum lipid concentration compared with hyperlipidemic group. Also, Mulberry leaves inhibited the activity of HMG Co A reductase, increased lipase activity. In histopathological examination, abdominal aorta showed no critical lesions with mulberry leaves treatment. These results suggest that hypolipidemic effects of mulberry leaves on rats were the inhibition of cholesterol synthesis and acceleration of cholesterol catabolism in the liver. For human, serum triglyceride contents were more significantly decreased with treatment of mulberry leaves powder.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.661-669
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• 2002

The objectives of this study was to investigate the sensory and quality characteristics of Solsulgi made from rice flour and glutinous rice flour containing 1, 2, or 3% of pine leaves powder. The results of sensory evaluation showed that Solsulgi containing 1% pine leaves powder had high overall acceptability, chewiness and sweetness preference. In the results of textural analysis, the hardness was decreased by adding pine leaves powder. Hunter color L-value of Solsulgi decreased by increasing the level of pine leaves powder. The more pine leaves powder was added, the a-value and b-value of Solsulei were decreased. The moisture content was higher in Solsulgi with sugar than honey and oligo-saccharide.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.15-19
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• 2003

The study evaluated the influence of feeding different maturity leaves i.e., tender, medium, coarse and mixed leaves of three different maturity during late larval stages of new bivoltine race $(CSR_{3} {\times} CSR_{6})$. The data were compared with shoot feeding and control batches in which conventional feeding method was followed. The most of the larval and cocoon characters were recorded significantly higher in tender leaves fed batches followed by T4 batch (2 times tender and 1 time coarse leaves). Lowest melting percentage (1.494%) was recorded in T4 and highest (4.69%) was recorded in coarse leaf (T3) fed batches. Significantly higher post cocoon parameters viz., average filament length, non-breakable filament length, renditta and raw silk percentage were recorded in tender loaves fed batches.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.26-28
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• 2001

The cytotoxicity of the ethanol extracts of varietal samples of mulberry leaves and branches and silkworm feces was measured using CT-26 cells originated from murine metastatic colon cancer, using dye uptake assay in order to find potential anticancer agents. Two ethanol extracts (varietal mulberry leaves and mulberry branches) were prepared from 16 varietal mulberries and used as partial extract materials for the activity assay. Among these, the ethanol extracts from Shinkwangppong leaves showed a little anticancer activity, and those from Sugaeppong, Cheongunppong and Gumsulppong branches showed some anticancer activity as well as cytotoxicity. In contrast, ethanol extracts from freeze-dried, the 3rd day of 5th instar feces showed more potent anticancer activity than that of other mulberry leaves, mulberry branches and other 5th silkworm instar larva feces on the basis of high UV absorbance at 665 nm.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제53권1호
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• pp.56-59
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• 2010

An optimal manufacturing process was established for the mass-production of mulberry leaves tea. The produced tea contained abundant dietary fibers, $\beta$-carotenes, and calcium. Also the polyphenol content and antioxidant activity of mulberry leaves tea were higher than those of simply dried mulberry leaves. These results imply that this tea manufacturing process is effective to utilize the useful components of mulberry leaves.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.135-147
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• 2008

Background : Diabetes is a chronic disease characterized by deficiency of insulin. It has been reported that Fructus aurantii and mulberry leaves have the effect of anti-diabetes. Methods : To investigate the improvement of mixed extracts of Fructus aurantii and mulberry leaves on lipid metabolism, we performed double-blinded, randomized and placebo-controlled multi-center clinical trial. Results : Mixed extracts of Fructus aurantii and mulberry leaves significantly reduced total cholesterol. Conclusion : These results suggest that mixed extracts of Fructus aurantii and mulberry leaves improve lipid metabolism.