• The Mathematical Education
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.17-63
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• 1995

The exploration of Mathematics-learningmodel on the basis of Cognitive development The purpose of this paper is to sequenctialize Mathematics-learning contents, and to explore teaching-learning model for mathematics, with on the basis of the theory of cognitive development and the period of condservation formation for children. The Specific topics are as follows: (1) Systemizing those theories of cognitive development which are related to Mathematics - learning for children. (2) Organizing a sequence of Mathematics - learning, on the basis of experimental research for the period of conservation formation for children. (3) Comparing the effects of 4 types of teaching - learning model, on the basis of inference activity and operational learning principle. $\circled1$ Induction-operation(IO) $\circled2$ Induction-explanation(IE) $\circled3$ Deduction-operation(DO) $\circled4$ Deduction-explanation(DE) The results of the subjects are as follows: (1) Cognitive development theory and Mathe-matics education. $\circled1$ Congnitive development can be achieved by constant space and Mathematics know-ledge is obtained by the interaction of experience and reason. $\circled2$ The stages of congnitive development for children form a hierarchical system, its function has a continuity and acts orderly. Therefore we need to apply cognitive development for children to teach mathematics systematically and orderly. (2) Sequence of mathematical concepts. $\circled1$ The learning effect of mathematical concepts occurs when this coincides with the period of conservation formation for children. $\circled2$ Mathematics Curriculum of Elementary Schools in Korea matches with the experimental research about the period of Piaget's conservation formation. (3) Exploration of a teaching-learning model for mathematics. $\circled1$ Mathematics learning is to be centered on learning by experience such as observation, operation, experiment and actual measurement. $\circled2$ Mathematical learning has better results in from inductional inference rather than deductional inference, and from operational inference rather than explanatory inference.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.3-14
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• 2013

The previously developed practical inquiry activity supporting tools, deduced from the design principles and implementation principles based on the study of precedent researches and theories, applicable to conceptual learning in engineering education were implemented to an on-line learning community, a web-based Windows application, to find out its effectiveness in actual classroom situation through experimental research. The On-line learning community includes the inquiry activity menu to implement learning procedure of inquiry based conceptual learning, the functions supporting the communication among participants, the information sharing function, the scheduling function of class and inquiry activity, the mentoring function, and the evaluation of on-line activities of learners. Experimental study were also conducted in order to analyze the effects of inquiry activity supporting tools on inquiry based conceptual learning in engineering education.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.44
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• pp.225-250
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to explore the relative influences of juvenile delinquency using variables from Hirschi's social bonding theory, Agnew's general strain theory, Gottfredson and Hirschi's self-control theory, and Akers' social learning theory. The data derived from a sample of 2,018 high school students taken from National Youth Policy Institute in 2013. Multiple OLS regression analysis indicated that social learning theory has the greatest impact on dependent variables than other theories. The results of regression analyses also explore the notion that without the social bond, general strain, and self-control variables, there is very little loss of explained variance when these variables are removed from the full equation. However, when the social learning factors are eliminated from the full equation, the change in $R^2$ is dramatic. This result supported the idea that social learning variables had the strongest effect on the juvenile delinquency of Korean adolescents. The most important implication of this study is that it is the first study to test four major theoretical models for juvenile delinquency in Korea. It also makes a number of important contributions toward the further utilization of social learning in investigating juvenile delinquency for Korean high school students.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.137-154
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• 2020

Psychological properties of learners have influence on learning behaviors in various ways. The purpose of this study was to examine how the goal orientation of learners affected the learning time distribution method. Regulatory focus and theories of intelligence were measured and manipulated in order to differentiate participants' goal-oriented state. Two variables are known to be key variables influencing learner's goal orientation, inducing the approach-avoidance strategy and mastery-performance oriented attitude. In the experiment, the control focus was divided into two groups based on the inclination test score (regulatory Focus Questionnaire, RFQ), and TOI(theory of intelligence) was temporally induced through manipulation to confirm the interaction between the two variables. Participants were able to determine the order of learning freely by learning a set of Spanish-Korean word pairs and then selecting the items they would like to re-learn. Word pairs consisted of difficult or easy items, and learners could learn the same word many times if they wanted to. In the results, promotion-incremental group showed allocating difficult word-pairs in early time.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.32
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• pp.159-187
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• 2008

This article aims to investigate the change of theories of reading and its historical meaning in the later Joseon period. Three scholar who left major theories of reading are mainly analyzed for the sake of it. Park, Se-chae(1631-1695) was a Neo-Confucianist who had the theory of reading named Dokseo-Gungliron(讀書窮理論). It was totally based on the scheme of Neo-Confucianist instruction and concentrated on mastering the moral principles with relishing the sentences of the Confucian Canons. Jeong, Yak-yong(1762-1836) was a Practical learning scholar and then criticized the moral-centric theory of reading of Neo-Confucianism. He valued much of the Confucian Canons but also focused on erudite reading so as to enlarge practical knowledge. Hong, Gil-ju(1786-1841) was a stylist and presented a severe criticism against Neo-Confucianist theory of reading as much. He thought that what we could realize with reading are the principles of the individual, not of the whole. The change of theories of reading in the later Joseon period as above reveals us the fact that the intellectual history of that period was in the process of dynamical change.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.147-160
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• 1994

The purpose of this study was to review the literatures on designing and developing the CAI program and to develop the middle school students’CAI program for tutorial and instructional game. For these purposes, the learning and instructional theories and the developing phases and strategies for the program were reviewed to design the CAI program. And then the developing unit was selected and the CAI types and the developing direction were set according to the analysis of the CAI programs and related literatures on home economics teaching, The four phases-analysis, design, development, and formative evaluation-were carried out in this study. The results of this study are as following: 1. The CAI porgram was developed on health and food life units. The program contains 12 classes on health and food life in two floppy diskettes. It consisted of total 9,000 lines and 76 frame and takes two hours to study this program. This program could be used in educational computers an could be utilized for unit learing tutorial. It was composed of three parts-unit learning, finding maze, and finding food. In the unit learning part, the learning contents in health and food life units were structured and presented. In finding maze and food part, the basic and the applied problems were presented with game. The characteristics of this program were as followings: (1)This program was able to bring learners’motivation due to the strategies of tutorial and instructional game and they can interestingly learn the program for themselves. (2) The learner could practive the learning contents repeatedly and unit learning while playing the gaming, (3) The learner himself can review and supplement the learning contents without teacher’s help. (4) This program was developed to unit learning on health and food life, on the other hand so far many CAI programs for home economics teaching were developed for studying separate learning units. 2. To effectively utilize this program, the guide book for the student and the teacher was developed. It contained method of using the program, introduction of the program, review of the program, the program objectives, the learning contents, and the keys to progress the program.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.11 no.11
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• pp.312-326
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• 2021

Building on the framework of language socialization [10] in language learning and use, the present study examines the environmental factors involved in four college students' English learning in the situated place of the home during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using narrative inquiry, this study implements a time-series analysis to investigate undergraduates' online English learning in a rural area of northwest China. The data were collected via oral and written narration, semi-structured interviews, and class documents. Leveraging the field-habitus theories, the findings reveal that each of the students had a different habitus in the family field that influenced their English learning at home between March to July of 2020. Ultimately, all four students felt that their habitus made their online English learning ineffective and expressed that they did not wish to continue learning at home. The findings imply that it is important for rural parents to pay more attention to building college students' learning environments and helping students cultivate a strong learning habitus in the family field in northwest China.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.65-91
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• 2016

Although the success of industrial clusters largely depends on whether clustering firms can achieve economic performance, there has been less attention on investigating factors and conditions contributing to the performance enhancement for clustering small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Along this vein, we adopt the theories of social capital and organizational learning as those success factors for clustering SMEs. This study thus aims at examining what effect social capital accrued in the relationships among actors within clusters has on firm performance of clustering SMEs and what role organizational learning plays in the linkage between social capital and firm performance. For the empirical analysis, we operationalized the variables and their measures to develop questionnaires through the theoretical reviews on literatures. As a sample of 227 clustering SMEs, our collected data was analyzed by hierarchical regression analysis. The results confirmed that a high level of social capital, represented by network, trust, and norm, has positive effect on firm performance of clustering SMEs. We also found that clustering firms presenting high organizational learning, represented by absorptive and transformative capability, achieve better performance than those placing less value on organizational learning. Furthermore the significant relationship between social capital and firm performance is mediated partially through organizational learning. These findings imply not only that the territorial agglomeration of industrial cluster does not guarantee the performance creation of clustering SMEs but that they need to develop social capital among various actors within clusters, facilitating their knowledge diffusion. In order to absorb and mobilize the shared knowledge and information into strategic resources, the firms should improve their capability associated with organizational learning. These expand our understanding on the importance of social capital and organizational learning for the performance enhancement of clustering firms. Differentiating from major studies addressing benefits and advantages of industrial cluster, this study based on the perspective of firm-internal business process contributes to the literature advancement. Strategic and policy implications of this study are discussed in detail.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Earth Science Education
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.75-87
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to find out the effects of internet resource-based problem-based learning on the academic achievement in science and the attitude toward science of elementary school students. One experiment class and one control class of grade 6 students were selected to perform a prior investigation on the academic achievement in science and the attitude toward science, then the experiment class attended 4 weeks of lessons that was applied the internet resource-based problem-based learning, and the control class attended the traditional lessons based on the guidelines of teachers. After conducting lessons, a post investigation was performed for each class and the results were analyzed to produce the following conclusions. First, the internet resource-based problem-based learning could be seen to be effective in improving the students' academic achievements in science. The internet resource-based problem-based learning seemed to make students recognize the lesson details better and grasp well the questions given during lessons from the process of finding solutions among many informations and data on the internet. Second, the internet resource-based problem-based learning had a positive effect on all attitudes' areas toward science of students. It looked like that the internet resource-based problem-based learning taught the students to use the internet resources and gave them a friendly feeling, so the children could actively participate in class and had positive recognition on science. Third, from teacher observation and the result of the student recognition investigation, we could know that the students showed lots of interests in the internet resource-based problem-based learning, and they were able to understand the scientific theories in the process of solving problems that were relevant to real life, and thought science in a positive way.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.23-29
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• 2018

There is a growing interest in computer based learning system that can learn a new concept of epistemic frames in response to the demands of $21^{st}$ century Skills. However, there is little research on the theoretical models for the epistemic frames applicable in the changing educational environment and the measurement theories (Psychometric theory, Learning Analytics) that can be evaluated. Therefore, in this study, we propose the core elements of the learning system prototype that can educate the epistemic frames in the practical community. Furthermore, this study explores and suggests an appropriate psychometric measurement theory (learning analytics) that allows us to measure, infer, and evaluate a learner.