• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.61-66
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• 2004

To investigate the effect of charcoal on the physico-chemical characteristics in the growing media and the growth of oriental melon, six treatment, 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50% charcoal, were added into the growing media, Baroker. The value of pH in the charcoal contained growing media (CGM) was recorded higher and further increased by raising the charcoal ratio and by growing period. In 20% CGM, the range of pH was adequate to grow crop as 5.2${\sim}$5.8. Contents of Ca and K in CGM increased by raising the ratio of charcoal, while contents of Mg and Na decreased. The growth of oriental melon seedlings in 20% and 30% CGM was better than in other treatments, in terms of fresh and dry weight of shoot, plant height, leaf area, lear width and relative growth rate. Both the physico-chemical properties of growing media and the growth of oriental melon seedlings were changed by the addition of charcoal. These results suggest that charcoal can be used as mixing material with other potting media for producing the seedling of good quality.

• FLOWER RESEARCH JOURNAL
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.216-219
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• 2010

An Asiatic lily cultivar 'Yeri' was developed in 2005 at National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science (NIHHS), Rural Development Administration (RDA), Korea. The cross was made in 1993 between Asiatic lily 'Geneve', a light pink colored cultivar, and 'Montreux', deep purple colored cultivar. The first selection was done and was tentatively named as 'A95-68' in 1995. After in vitro multiplication and bulbing production, growth and flowering characteristic tests were conducted from 1996 to 2003. The evaluation of characteristics was performed and named as 'Wongyo C1-19' in 2005 that was registered as 'Yeri' to the registration office of Korea Seed & Variety Service. 'Yeri' flowered at the first of July and grew average 34.6 cm stem in length. Flowers bloomed facing upward, unspotted in petals and deep purple (RHS, RP58A). The size of flower was 13.3 cm. Mean petal length and width was 7.7 cm and 2.7 cm, respectively. Leaves were 5.1 cm long and 0.5 cm wide, respectively. The weight and size of bulb were 9.6 g and 11.7 cm, respectively. Year-round flowering can be done by storing the bulb under $-1.5^{\circ}C$ conditions. For forced cultivation, it was necessary to add calcium to the fertilizer or remove side scales to prevent leaf scorch. It was needed to control Botrytis disease in wet season.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2019.10a
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• pp.72-72
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• 2019

This study compared the growth characteristics of A. gigas according to the transplanting season, in the cultivation located in Yeongju, Gyeongsangbuk-do, transplanted in the autumn and spring. As a result of that the plant survival rate were observed the highest autumn transplanting (9.4%; autumn-92.2%, spring-82.8%) and bolting rate were observed lowest spring transplanting (7.1%; autumn-37.3%, spring-30.2%). Growth characteristics (height, leaf length and width, stem diameter) were observed the highest autumn transplanting in June and highest spring transplanting in August. The early growth is high growth due to long rooting time in autumn transplanting, but the difference in the ground growth between the two experiments was insignificant when the main growth period was from June to August. Further analysis of the growth characteristics and marker components of roots of A. gigas can be used to determine the optimal planting time and the establishment of high quality cultivation technology.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.57-80
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• 2005

Morphological variation of Quercus L. subgen. Quercus in Korea was examined by numerical methods including principal components analysis of major morphological characters. Principal components analysis revealed the presence of five major species groups of the subgen. Quercus in Korea; these include 1) a group consisiting of Q. acutissima and Q. variabilis individuals, 2) Q. dentata, 3) Q. aliena, 4) Q. mongolica, and 5) Q. serrata. The putative interspecific hybrid individuals occupied intermediate position between the putative parent species in the PCA plot. The analysis also strongly suggested that size and shape of leaf blade and teeth or lobes, twig diameter, size and shape of nuts, and length and width of scales are very useful in distinguishing the species and the putative hybrids of the subgen. Quercus.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.68-74
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• 2019

'Choyoung', a winter forage triticale cultivar (X Triticosecale Wittmack), was developed at the Department of Rice and Winter Cereal Crop, NICS, RDA in 2015. The cultivar 'Choyoung' has the leaves of medium width, long length and green color and a medium grain of brown color. The heading date of the cultivar 'Choyoung' was April 30 which was 2 days earlier than that of check cultivar 'Shinyoung'. Its tolerance or resistance to cold, wet injury, powdery mildew, and leaf rust was similar to those of the check cultivar. But the resistance to the lodging of cultivar 'Choyoung' was stronger than that of the check. The average forage fresh and dry matter yield of cultivar 'Choyoung' at milk-ripe stages were 40.5 and $15.7MT\;ha^{-1}$, respectively, which were similar to those (40.3 and $16.1MT\;ha^{-1}$) of the check cultivar. The silage quality of 'Choyoung' was higher than that of the check cultivar 'Shinyoung' in crude protein content (5.9%), while was similar to the check cultivar 'Shinyoung' in acid detergent fiber (33.9%), neutral detergent fiber (57.3%), and total digestible nutrients (62.2%). It showed a grain yield of $5.59MT\;ha^{-1}$, which was 38% higher than that of the check cultivar 'Shinyoung' ($4.05MT\;ha^{-1}$). This cultivar is recommended for fall sowing forage crops in areas in which average daily minimum mean temperatures in January are higher than $-10^{\circ}C$.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.126-135
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• 2019

Background: The ginseng ginsenosides, which have various physiological activities, are known to be more abundant in the leaves than in the roots, and the consumers' interest in ginseng sprout as a functional vegetable has been increasing. Methods and Results: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of growth period on growth properties, active ingredients and rheology of ginseng sprouts cultivated in a non-heated greenhouse equipped with a shade net for 60 days, starting from the end of May to the middle of July. The chlorophyll content of the leaves decreased, but their length and width increased with increasing cultivation days. In particular, growth increased significantly until 40 days, but only slightly after 50 days. The stem length did not increase greatly from the 20 th to the 30 th day of cultivation, but increased significantly from the 30 th to the 40 th day, and then further increased gradually. The weight of the leaves, stems, and roots increased slightly, but not change significantly. After 40 days of cultivation, the total ginsenoside content increased by 1.07 times in the leaves and decreased by 0.80 times in the roots with increasing cultivation days. The leaf contents of ginsenosides $Rg_1$, Re, $Rb_1$, Rc, $F_3$ and $F_4$ increased with increasing cultivation days. The rheological properties of ginseng sprout showed the greatest influence on stem hardening with increasing cultivation days. Conclusions: Therefore, based on the growth characteristics, active ingredients and physical properties, 40 days after sowing was considered to be an appropriate harvesting time for ginseng sprouts.

• FLOWER RESEARCH JOURNAL
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.195-201
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• 2018

The plant morphological and chromosome characteristics of 'Bonanza', 'Coral Candy' and 'Purple Crystal', a formolongi-Asiatic (FA) interspecific hybrid species bred at the National Institute of Horticultural Science, Rural Development Administration (RDA), were investigated in this study. The flowering time of these species were found to have some variation. 'Bonanza' flowers in the middle to late June (medium-late maturing cultivar), 'Coral Candy' in the mid of June (medium maturing cultivar), and 'Purple Crystal' was observed to be in early June (early maturing cultivar). The flowering direction of all three cultivars are upward facing flowers and having a weak fragrance. The height of the plants was recorded in the range between 101.0 cm ('Purple Crystal') to 142.3 cm ('Bonanza'), thus they are able to develop cut flowers with excellent stem elongation. Flower diameters of 'Bonanza' (17.1 cm) and 'Coral Candy' (16.9 cm) were classified to be large sized flowers. On the other hand, 'Purple Crystal' had a narrow flower diameter (12.3 cm) with an outer petal width of more than 4.0 cm. Leaf length was observed for 'Bonanza' (15.7 cm), 'Coral Candy' (19.7 cm), and 'Purple Crystal' (11.1 cm). Chromosome analysis was done using FISH technique. Results revealed that all three cultivars were observed as triploids (2n=3x=36). FISH analysis also showed 5S/45S rDNA of 'Bonanza', 'Coral Candy' and 'Purple Crystal' as 4/11 loci, 4/12 loci, and 4/11 loci, respectively. The results of the FISH analysis are useful as markers to distinguish cultivars, since the patterns of rDNA observed on the remaining chromosomes are significantly different except FISH patterns of chromosome #3.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.25-32
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• 2021

There is a need to breed and distribute of domestic varieties for Lilium longiflorum because most of the lily bulbs cultivated in Korea were imported from foreign country. The L. longiflorum 'Ace' and 'Nellie White' collected from 1996 had been self-crossed from 1996 to 2010. In 2012, the L. longiflorum 'Bright LoSong' was developed as a F₁ hybrid crossed between 'L₂-17-4' and 'L₂-16-6' that obtained by 7th self-fertilization. The 'Bright LoSong' was tested for homogeneity, regional adaptability test, consumer preference show from 2014 to 2015, and it was registered in 2017. The flower of 'Bright LoSong' is a trumpet shaped single flower with no spots.It has 5.8 flowers per plant, which is a relatively many number compared control 'Mount Carmel', Its flower diamater is 9.8cm, relatively a bit small size. And the flower inflorescence has umbel or raceme while the attitude of longitudinal axis is horizontal. The plant height is 38.4cm with 30.8 leaves per plant and 1.9cm of the leaf width. 'Bright LoSong' has a longer flowering period because of relatively small diameter or many number of flowers than those of the control 'Mount Carmel'. Thus, the 'Bright LoSong' showed a high consumer preference, and the cultivar has the advantage of being able to reproduce since the parents are pure lines.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.64-72
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• 2023

Biopolymer is a versatile material used in food processing, medicine, construction, and soil reinforcement. 𝛽-glucan is one of the biopolymers that improves the soil water content and ion adsorption in a drought or toxic metal contaminated land for plant survival. We analyzed drought stress damage reduction in sweet potatoes (Ipomoea batatas L. cv. Sodammi) by measuring the growth and major protein expression and activity under 𝛽-glucan soil amendment. The result showed that sweet potato leaf length and width were not affected by drought stress for 14 days, but sweet potatoes grown in 𝛽-glucan-amended soil showed an effect in preventing wilting caused by drought in phenotypic changes. Under drought stress, sweet potato leaves did not show any changes in electrolyte leakage, but the relative water content was higher in sweet potatoes grown in 𝛽-glucan-amended soil than in normal soil. 𝛽-glucan soil amendment increased the expression of plasma membrane (PM) H⁺-ATPase, but it decreased the aquaporin PIP2 (plasma membrane intrinsic protein 2) in sweet potatoes under drought stress. Moreover, water maintenance affected the PM H⁺-ATPase activity, which contributed to tolerance under drought stress. These results indicate that 𝛽-glucan soil amendment improves the soil water content during drought and affects the water supply in sweet potatoes. Consequently, 𝛽-glucan is a potential material for maintaining soil water contents, and analysis of the major PM proteins is one of the indicators for evaluating the biopolymer effect on plant survival under drought stress.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2022.10a
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• pp.52-52
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• 2022

Recently, PE (polyethylene) film has been used increasingly in com cultivation. However, PE films often cause soil and environment contamination. In order to reduce this problem, many researches have been carrying out studies on biodegradable films (BF) that are easily decomposed by soil microorganisms. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine which BF is optimal for growth and yield of com crops while also having the highest rates of film decomposition. BFs Farmsbio (Farm Hannong), Heulgro Film (Sejin Bio), Vonto Film (Eco-Hansung) as well as a selected PE film were used in this study. For the control, we used crops grown without any kind of mulching. Experimental fields were fertilized according to conventional cultivation methods, tilled, and then covered by either BF or PE. After 1 week, com (cv. MIBECK2ho) at the 3-leaf stage (16 days after seeding) was transplanted. Plant height was measured at 18 and 32 days after transplanting and heading stages. Yield components and yield were also measured at harvest. In addition, pH, EC, and decomposition and light transmittance levels of films were investigated during the experimental period. Daily average temperature, relative humidity and organic matter in soils were also measured during the experimental period. There was no significant difference in plant height, heading date, and silking between crops with BFs and PE, but the crops grown with BFs and PE films reached higher growth parameters in a shorter amount of time than the crops in the non-mulching control. Additionally, there were no significant differences in yield components such as length of ears, ear width, ear weight, and yield in crops that were grown using films or crops in the control plot. Light transmittance and decomposition levels of films generally increased with time after transplanting, and was highest in the Heulgro film than other BFs. Soil pH and organic matter in crops using BFs and PE films were significantly higher than in the control plot at 99 and 113 days after transplanting. In general, the EC contents in the control plot was lower than in crops using BFs and PE films. The average daily moisture in soil was higher when BFs and PE films were used than in the control plot. However, the daily average soil temperature was higher in crops using BFs and PE films than in the control plots at the beginning of the experimental period, but there was no consistent difference in soil temperature towards the later part of the experimental period. Therefore, the BFs used in this study were shown to be helpful without causing negative impacts on the growth and yield of com.