• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.210-216
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• 2010

This study was carried out to investigate the plant growth of various foliage plants affected by the nutrient solution strength. Ficus benjamina, Hedera helix, Philodendron tatei, Rhapis excelsa, Spathiphyllum spp. were used in this experiment. The Sonneveld solution was diluted to 0, 1/4, 1/2, and 1 folds and applied through a subirrigation system. Plant height and width, leaf number, leaf area, fresh and dry weights of shoots were measured to compare the responses to the different treatments. The required amounts for nutrients were different among the various foliage plants. The growth of Ficus and Philodendron was improved as the nutrient solution strength got higher, but that of Hedera and Spathiphyllum showed the best growth in the lower nutrient solution strength of 1/4 and 1/2 folds. The growth of Rhapis was improved in the nutrient solution strength of 1 fold but the other treatments did not affect on plant growth. N, P, and K were the most important nutrients that had influence on the growth of the foliage plants in this study. There was not an accurate criterion for fertilization and irrigation to each foliage plant. Moreover, the foliage plants grew slowly during the early stage and this period must be shortened for commercial production. Therefore, the experiment was executed to make up these defects. The plants applied with proper strength of Sonneveld solution grew faster and had better quality.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.234-239
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• 2010

The irrigation interval and time for the supply of nutrient and water to the plant is important in the aeroponic system. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of irrigation interval on the growth of Phalaenopsis hybrid seedlings in the aeroponic system. Young bare-root plants (four leaves, 16 g in fresh weight) were used for this experiment. The composition of nutrient solution was, in $me{\cdot}L^{-1}$, 9 N, 3 P, 4 K, 4 Ca and 2 Mg. The electrical conductivity (EC) and pH of nutrient solution used was $1.2\;dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ and 5.8, respectively. Irrigation intervals were 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 minute and each irrigation time was 10 minute. The total fresh and dry weight, the number of branched roots, and relative growth rate at the 20 and 30 min. was greater than 10, 40, 50 min. interval. Especially, the fresh weight of roots at 30 min. interval was the highest. Leaf length was the highest at 30 min. interval but there was no difference in leaf width. The amount of water consumed for a month was 0.71 L per plant and it was reduced with increasing irrigation interval. There was no difference in the amount of consumed mineral contents for 15 days except for potassium. Potassium absorbed was the highest at 30 min. irrigation interval. As a result, the optimum irrigation interval was 30 min for the production of Phalaenopsis hybrid seedlings in the aeroponic system.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.73-83
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• 2005

This study was carried out to investigate control efficacy of fungicides mixed with pyroligneous acid on Large patch caused by Rhizoctonia solani AG2-2. R. solani AG2-2 was not inhibited by concentration of 500 times and 1,000 times diluents of pyroligneous acid. It is thought that R. solani AG2-2 was not inhibited by Pyroligneous acid alone. Pencycuron and tebuconazol mixed with pyroligneous acid had a good effect in prevention of R. solani AG2-2 in zoysiagrass. Concurrently, it was observed that those were reduced $50\%$ of usage of fungicides. 500 times and 1,000 times diluents of pyroligneous acid treated group had a significantly effect compared to control turf in the leaf length, leaf width and dry weight. In conclusion, usage of fungicides could be reduced about $50\%$ by a fungicides mixed with pyroligneous acid for protection of R. solani AG2-2. Therefore, It is thought that fungicides mixed with pyroligneous acids can be reduced an economic load and also an environmental pollution such as a tolerance to pathogenic bacteria and a destruction of an ecological system of soil microbes according to use fungicides.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.23-27
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• 2013

Investigations were conducted to prevent entrance of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) with very fine mesh nets. B. tabaci vectors tomato yellow leaf curl virus in tomatoes. B. tabaci could be completely prevented to penetrate into an 83 mesh net, though few of them passed the 60 mesh net. An independent 60 mesh net cage was built within one of the three interconnected common plastic greenhouse ($21.0{\times}18.3m$) in order to find its usefulness as a crop protection tool from insect pests. TYLCV infected tomato plants were not detected, though a few eggs of B. tabaci and mines of Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess) were detected locally at the entrance of the sliding door. There were practically no significant differences between treatments of nets and the conventional plant height, leaf length and width, number of floret clusters, sugar brix, and product yield. In viewpoints of commercialization, it could be considered highly prospectful to apply to the nets to glasshouses or other greenhouses in which the growing period of crops is long, if the nets were used in the openings of sides, ceilings, and entrances of the greenhouse. However, it might be necessary to take preventive measures for occurrences of insect pests living in soil, temporarily or permanently, as well as high humidity diseases.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.23-29
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• 1996

Chungbuk native Polygnatum stenophyllum Max. for used in this experiment were regional groups that collected at Cheongju and Jecheon, and then classified by seed tuber weights as 15, 30, 45, 60g. Shoot emergency time was faster about $4\sim7$days in Chengju regional group than that of Jecheon. In different seed tuber weights, shoot emergency time was the faster, seed tuber weight was the heavier. All of growth factors such as plant height, stem length and leaf length were worse Cheongju regional group in compared with that of Jecheon but leaf width was not different. Yields per 10a in both of Cheongju and Jechon were 1,600kg. After due consideration to seed tuver cost, approximately 40g is regarded as the most suitable weight for cultivation of Polygnatum stenophyllum Max.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.279-284
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• 1996

Effects of varieties and cutting lengths of Chinense Martrimony Vine on the growth characteristics and the yield of green shoot were investigated in order to obtain the basic data The Yuseong-2 was observed higher in the number of green shoot per plant, of green shoot, but smaller in the length and the width of leaves than those of Cheongyang native. The number of green shoot was decreased in longer cutting length, but the other growth characteristics were increased. The dry weight of green shoot was $1.01{\sim}0.03g$ and the ratio of stem to leaf in green shoot was higher in leaf than that of stem, and the ratio was 46 : 54. The dry yield of green shoot was $108{\sim}204kg/10a$ in Cheongyang native and $215{\sim}363kg/10a$ Yuseong-2 and the dry yield of green shoot of Yuseong-2 may be expected in this planting year. Each growth characteristic of varieties was highly positive correlation with the yield except the number of green shoot of Cheongyang native. The number of green shoot of Yuseong-2 was nagative correlation with each growth characteristic and the yield except the number of total leaves per plant.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.338-341
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• 2012

Campanula, native to Korea, is potentially an attractive potted or bedding plant. Experiments were conducted to produce a $F_1$ hybrid plant for a reduced plant height, 'Jiknyeo', by a conventional cross breeding between C. punctata Lam. and C. punctata Lam. var. rubriflora Mak. The crossing was carried out in July 2001 and the seeds were harvested in October 2001. Seeds were stored for two months at $5^{\circ}C$ for vernalization, and then were sown in March 2002. The $F_1$ hybrid have a purple flower color, and decreased plant height, leaf length, leaf width, and peduncle length. Each flower maintained freshness for a period of 20 days on the average. The whole flowering period of a plant was four months. The plant has flowering characteristics of an indeterminate inflorescence, prefers low humidity during the whole cultivation period, and requires low temperature in winter for flower bud differentiation.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.897-909
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• 2015

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of weed control on disease incidence, plant growth and fruit quality, and to provide effective method to farmers at the vineyard. At the raincoat greenhouse cultivating 'Campbell Early', several weed controlling methods were compared to the control. Mean temperature of plots between soil covering (C.B., W.F., S.N., P.F. and R.H.) and non soil covering (M.W.2, M.W.3 and U.T.) were similar with $26.2^{\circ}C$ (July) and $25.8^{\circ}C$ (Aug.), but humidity of soil covering was sharply decreased in late-July under 40%. Soil water were all higher in soil covering plots than that of non-soil covering, however, soil temperature was recorded lower in soil covering plots. Disease incidence of Peudocercospora vitis according to soil coverings had effect on black plastic film mulching by decreasing grapevine leaf spot to 85% in July, 69% in August, compared to the control, with showing the smallest lesion incidence in FMB. Among growth characters, internode length and internode width of black plastic film mulching was higher than that of the control. SPAD value of black plastic film mulching was recorded the highest. It was not significant among the treatments, but brix was recorded highly in black plastic film mulching with $14{\sim}15^{\circ}Brix$.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.789-804
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• 2017

This study was conducted to investigate the growth and physiologycal activitis of Aruncus dioicus var. kamtschaticus (Maxim.) H. Hara under the NaCl treatment conditions (0, 100, 200, 300 mM). After 30 days treatment, the growth and physiologycal activitis were investigated. In the growth of plants, the plant height, leaf width, leaf length and ion level were reduced at NaCl treatments of more than 100 mM. The total polyphenol content was decreased by NaCl in a concentration-dependent manner compared to the control group. The contents of total flavonoids did not show any difference at the concentration of 200 mM and 300 mM. However, the content of total flavonoid decreased compared with that of control. In antioxidant activity, the DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity and reducing power activity were decreased by NaCl concentration compared to the control. When changes in the content of NO production was monitored by ELISA, production inhibitory effect was 94.5%, 70%, 63%, 56.9% in NaCl concentration of 0, 100, 200, 300 mM, respectively. The growth, ion level, antioxidant and anti-inflammation activity of Aruncus dioicus var. kamtschaticus was reduced at NaCl treatments of more than 100 mM.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.133-139
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• 2017

This study investigated the effects of NaCl and jasmonic acid (JA) on the growth and physiological responses of spearmint (Mentha spicata L.). Spearmint was hydroponically grown for 3 weeks in modified Hoagland solution containing 0 (untreated control), JA ($20{\mu}M$ JA pretreatment), NaCl (50 mM NaCl treatment) and JA + NaCl ($20{\mu}M$ JA pretreatment + 50 mM NaCl treatment). Growth characteristics, chlorophyll, vitamin C, proline contents, DPPH scavenging activity and inorganic ion contents were evaluated. As a results, there were significant decreases in the plant height, leaf length, leaf width, and fresh weight of plants, treated with NaCl compared with control. On the other hand, the dry matters of shoot and root treated with JA + NaCl combination were better than control or NaCl treatment. Chlorophyll a and b contents in JA treatment was the highest. Vitamin C, antioxidant activity, and proline content in shoot were increased in NaCl treatment which showed low level of growth rate. The K/Na ratio, which is known to indirectly reflect the balance of ion uptake, was higher in a single treatment of JA than the control group, while lower in salt treatment (NaCl and JA + NaCl) because of high $Na^+$ absorption. In conclusion, these results showed that moderate stress treatment such as low level salt treatment and plant growth regulator jasmonic acid (JA) application would be potential strategies to improve the quality of spearmint by inducing the accumulation of secondary metabolites containing high antioxidant activity and essential oil.