• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.35-48
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• 1969

This study was made on the taxa Chrysanthemum zawadskii complex that grow in South Korea on the basis of chromosomes, epidermis, pollens and gross morphology. I have found four types of chromosome numbers, 36, 45, 54, and 72 as a polyploidal series. Even though the gross morphology was quite similar almost the same gross morphology, chromosome number was different among the taxa. The taxa of 36 chromosomes present broad and fine lobed leaves which grow separately, broad leafed taxon in the mainland of Korea and the other's in Ullungdo Island which is isolated form the mainland in the East Sea. The taxa of 54 chromosomes are also present in the broad and in the fine lobed leaves. The fine lobed leave taxon grows in central to northern Korea and in the high altitude of mountains. Broad leafed taxon grows in central to southern Korea and comparatively lower altitude of the mountains. The taxon of 72 chromosomes is grown in the high altitude of Mt. Hallasan which is isolated from the mainland of Korea. According to this study of Chrysanthemum zawadskii complex, I have arranged the scientific names, as Chrysanthemum zawadskii subsp. latilobum, subsp. acutilobum, subsp. naktongenese, subsp. lucidum, subsp. coreanum and hybrid between subsp. acutilobum X subsp. latilobum.

• 식물병연구
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.225-227
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• 2011

2009년 9월에 전북 완주군 상관면 조경포장에 재배중인 구절초의 줄기와 지제부위가 수침상으로 무르고 썩으면서 암갈색으로 시들어 말라 죽었다. 병반부와 지제부위의 토양 표면에 흰색의 균사가 자라고 갈색의 구형 또는 부정형의 균핵이 형성되었다. 균사의 생육적온은 $25{\sim}30^{\circ}C$이었으며, 균사의 폭은 4-9 ${\mu}m$이었고, 균핵의 크기는 0.8-3.5(평균 1.8) mm이었다. 균사특유의 clamp connection이 관찰되었다. 분리한 균은 구절초에 대한 실험결과 병원성이 인정되었다. 구절초에 발생한 병징과 분리균의 균학적 특징 및 병원성을 검정한 결과, 이 병을 Sclerotium rolfsii에 의한 구절초 흰비단병으로 명명하고자 한다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제30권10호
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• pp.803-809
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• 2021

This study aimed to investigate the effects of soil amendment (heat-expanded clay and active carbon) and planting of Dendranthema zawadskii var. latilobum on the remediation of salt-affected soil and the plant growth under high calcium chloride (CaCl₂) concentration. The experimental group comprised treatments including Non treatment (Cont.), heat-expanded clay (H), active carbon (AC), planting (P), heat-expanded clay+planting (H+P), active carbon+planting (AC+P). A 200 mL solution of CaCl₂ at a concentration of 10 g·L^-1 was applied as irrigation once every 2 weeks. Compared to the Cont., the incorporation of the 'heat-expanded clay' amendment decreased electrical conductivity of the soil leachate and cation exchange capacity, whereas the growth of Dendranthema zawadskii var. latilobum was relatively increased. These results suggest that the combination of 'heat-expanded clay' amendment and planting will mitigate negative effect of de-icing salts and improve plant growth in salt-contaminated roadside soils.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.224-234
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• 2018

An efficient method to select drought tolerant Korean native plants using in vitro culture system was established in this study. While the plant growths and root inductions of each plant were proportionately affected by concentrations of mannitol on in vitro culturing seven plant species to test tolerance to osmotic stress, growth index (GI) and number of root induction of Chrysanthemi zawadskii var. latilobum and Dianthus chinensis var. semperflorens plantlets were higher than the others in 125mM mannitol. In test with polyethylene glycol (PEG), plantlets of C. zawadskii var. latilobum and D. chinensis var. semperflorens showed higher GI and number of root induction than the others in 33.3mM. On testing whether the well grown plants under osmotic stress are tolerant to virtual drought stress, there were significant differences in the withering rates of C. zawadskii var. latilobum and D. chinensis and those of were Aster yomena and Centaurea cyanus after 12 days without watering. It was found that significantly lower stomata numbers were shown in both drought tolerant plants than the sensitive plants. Averages of the stomata circumferences and the stomata area in the plantlets of the tolerant species were larger than those of the sensitive plants D. chinensis var. semperflorens showed the lowest transpiration level per unit area. The highest stomatal area per unit area was found in C. zawadskii, followed by D. chinensis var. semperflorens, Aster yomena and C. cyanus. In conclusion, C. zawadskii var. latilobum and D. chinensis var. semperflorens were more tolerant to drought than other two species. Furthermore in vitro selection was successfully used to screen drought tolerance species of native plant species.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2007년도 추계학술발표회
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• pp.354.1-354.1
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• 2007

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.622-627
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• 2012

Mast cells and basophils are important effector cells in immunoglobulin-E (IgE)-mediated allergic reactions. Using the human basophilic KU812F cells, we assessed the inhibitory effects of 6-methoxyluteolin, isolated from Chrysanthemum zawadskii, in the $Fc{\varepsilon}RI$-mediated allergic reaction. We determined that 6-methoxyluteolin inhibited anti-$Fc{\varepsilon}RI$ ${\alpha}$ chain antibody (CRA-1)-induced histamine release, as well as elevation of intracellular calcium concentration $[Ca^{2+}]_i$ in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, the inhibitory effects of 6-methoxyluteolin on the cell surface expression and the mRNA level of the $Fc{\varepsilon}RI$ ${\alpha}$ chain were determined by flow cytometric analysis and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), respectively. Therefore, these results show that 6-methoxyluteolin is a potent inhibitor of histamine release and calcium influx via down-regulation of the $Fc{\varepsilon}RI$ ${\alpha}$ chain.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.128-133
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• 2008

구절초와 남구절초의 수확 시기에 따른 항산화 효과를 비교하기 위하여 본 연구를 실시하였다. 구절초와 남구절초를 생육초기(5월 9일), 중기(7월 17일) 그리고 생육 후기(9월 3일)에 각각 수확한 후 80% 에탄올로 추출하여 radical 소거활성 및 항산화 물질 함량을 측정하였다. 수확 시기가 늦어질수록 식물체의 수분 함량과 추출 수율이 낮아졌다. DPPH 및 ABTS radical 소거능은 이른 시기에 수확한 시료일수록 활성이 높은 경향을 보였다. 구절초의 DPPH radical 소거능은 생육 초기에 수확한 시료가 $0.128mg\;{\cdot}\;mL^{-1}$의 $RC_{50}$값을 나타내 $BHT(RC_{50}=0.121mg\;{\cdot}\;mL^{-1})$와 비슷한 소거능을 보였고, 생육 초기에 수확한 남구절초와 구절초는 천연 항산화제인 ascorbic acid보다도 높은 ABTS radical 소거활성을 나타냈다. 그러나 $Fe^{2+}$ chelating 효과의 경우, 구절초를 생육 후기에 수확하는 것이 초기나 중기에 수확하는 것 보다 높았으며, EDTA에 비해서도 훨씬 낮았다. 두 종 모두 수확 시기가 빠를수록 총 폴리페놀 및 플라보노이드의 함량이 높은 경향을 보였으며, 생육 초기에 수확한 구절초와 남구절초의 총 폴리페놀 함량은 각각 79.93 및 $75.10mg\;{\cdot}\;g^{-1}$로 총 플라보노이드 함량(57.84, $54.91mg\;{\cdot}\;g^{-1}$)에 비해 높았다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.746-749
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• 2006

구절초 전초의 chloroform 분획물로부터 2종의 flavonoid화합물을 분리하여 NMR을 통해서 구조를 확인한 결과, luteolin (1)과 acacetin (2)으로 구조 동정되었다. 이들의 화합물 중에서 luteolin (1)은 구절초에서 처음으로 분리하였다. 분리된 화합물은 sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay법에 따라 인체암세포주인, HCT116 (결장암) , UO-31 (신장암), PC-3 (전립선암) 와 A549 (폐암)등에 대한 in vitro에서의 세포독성을 실험하였다. 그 결과, acacetin (2)이 HCT116 $(IC_{50}\;2.44\;{\mu}g/ml)$과 UO-31 $(IC_{50}\;2.89\;{\mu}g/ml)$에서 유의할만한 세포독성을 나타내었다.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제10권1_2호
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• pp.31-35
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• 1967

This study was made on three taxa of Chrysanthemum that grew on the Ewha Womans University campus on the basis of gross morphology, pollen epidermal patterns and chromosomes. The three taxa were recognized as Chrysanthemum zawadskii subsp. zawadskii var. acutilobum(2n=54); Chrysanthemum zawadskii subsp. latilobum (2n=36), and possible hybrid(2n=45) between the two taxa in view of leaf morphorlogy and chromosome number counts.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.23-31
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• 2005

Green spaces in cities were insufficient and decreased as artificial structures increase. Accordingly, greening rooftop space contributed to urban ecosystems as green space. Especially, since 2002 Seoul supported rooftop greening and introduced 'Ecology-area rates'. Thus rooftop greening had the potentiality of extension. This prepared the extensive rooftop greenings within planting-base for extensive management rooftop greening system to be easily popularized. The extensive rooftop greening conducted from 1997-2005 reported that soil depth was 8cm and soil mixtures were 5 types. And plant were Crysanthemum zawaskii var. latilobum, Aster hayatae, Crysanthemum zawaskii herb. ssp. coreanum, Sedum sarmentosum, Sedum rotundifolium, Sedum oryzifolium, Sedum takemensis, Sedum middendorffianum, Sedum telerium var. purpureum, Sedum spectabile, Carypteris incana, Dianthus superbus, Hosta minor. As a result, for nine years after the modular type rooftop greening established, survival plants were Sedum takemensis, Sedum sarmentosum, Sedum spectabile, Sedum middendorffianum, Carypteris incana, Crysanthemum zawaskii var. latilobum, Sedum telerium var. purpureum, Sedum rotundifolium, Dianthus superbus. Also effect of greening was possibled soil depth 8cm. And growth of plants from 1997 to 2005 were fine on two soil mixtures of 'perlite+peatmoss+vermicompost+moisturizer' and 'perlite+moisturizer+bark(mulching)'. Invasive plants are Ixeris dentata Nakai, Ixeris chinensis var. strigosa, Youngia sonchifolia, Eragrostis ferruginea, Aster pilosus Willd., Ixeris japonica Nakai, Valpia myuros, and Setaria viridis. In conclusion, selection of suitable native plants was possible extensive management rooftop greening with effect of continuous greening. The extensive rooftop greening were lightweight and simple preparation without management and can popularize readily.