• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.112-117
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• 2012

This report evaluated the convenience and accessibility of a penile translocation surgery in the lateral recumbency of a calf using a tilt-up mobile compared with that of dorsal recumbency on the ground of a barn. One nine-month-old F-1 (Korean native sire x Holstein dam) calf was sedated with xylazine (0.03 mg/kg, IV) and restrained in the right lateral recumbency position on a tilt-up restraint mobile (90 cm high), whereas the other nine-month-old Korean native calf was administered xylazine (0.3 mg/kg, IV) and restrained in dorsal recumbency position on the ground of a barn, with assistance by one person. For the two calves, lidocaine was administered subcutaneously from the preputial orifice to the S-shaped penis. The preputial orifice was incised, and the preputial sheath and penis were separated bluntly, then laterally translocated to the site toward the left flank at a $40^{\circ}$ angle. Anti-inflammatory drug (ketoprofen) and antibiotics (penicillin) were administered following the surgery. The duration of surgery was 30 min shorter in the calf that received the surgery in lateral recumbency using the tilt-up mobile with operator's standing posture (60 min) than the one that underwent surgery in dorsal recumbency on the ground with operator's bending posture (90 min). One week after the surgery, the operation area, including the translocated preputial orifice, was healed without complications in both cases. The results detailed in this report demonstrate that penile translocation surgery in the lateral recumbency position using a tilt-up mobile might be used conveniently in calves due to the convenience of restraint, reduced surgery time, and reduced physical inconvenience for the surgeon.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.313-318
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• 2015

The lung opacity on radiography is influenced by various factors. The physical density of the lung and the attenuation ensured on computed tomography (CT) scans is determined by three components : lung tissue, blood, and air. Temporary right lateral recumbency may responsible for the increase of opacity on ventrodorsal projection view. Thus, our aim is to demonstrate that the effect of right lateral recumbency posture on right lung opacity using radiograph and CT scan. In this study, 62 dogs without clinical or radiologic signs of cardiopulmonary disease are selected. Thorax radiographs per 30 seconds for 2 minutes (30s, 60s, 90s, 120s) were performed for 62 dogs. After discussion of the radiographic findings of lung field by two radiologists and a student at Chungbuk national university veterinary medical center a consensus opinion was recorded. Computed tomography per a minute (1 min, 2 min) for 2 minutes were performed for 2 dogs. Mean x-ray attenuation of lung was measured quantitatively using software at two levels (aortic arch and basal level). Among 62 dogs with radiograph comparison, 9.3% of dogs showed influence by postural effect. However, all 2 dogs with computed tomography comparison, showed influence by postural effect. In conclusion, position dependent changes of lung density in CT exam are not consistent with thoracic radiograph.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.13-16
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• 2018

Liver size is one of the important standards used to establish differential diagnoses for dogs with suspected hepatic diseases. No previous reports have been reported about comparison for radiographic measurements of canine liver size by left and right recumbency. The retrospective study was performed in dogs that underwent abdominal radiography with left, right and dorsal recumbency at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of Gyeongsang National University from March 6, 2014 to December 31, 2014. We investigated differences of radiographic liver size according to direction of lateral recumbency. We found differences of radiographic measurements in canine liver size between left and right recumbency. Thus, positional effect should be considered in case of monitoring the canine liver size regularly.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.909-914
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• 2006

The goal of this study was to investigate the behavior of sows and their piglets reared using the non-all-in all-out system and the all-in all-out system during a 3-week lactation period. The 24 Landrace${\times}$Yorkshire sows (range of parity: 2 to 4) and their litters (range of litter size: 8 to 13 piglets) for each treatment (8 sows/replication) were used in this experiment. The sows were housed in farrowing crates ($0.6{\times}2.1m$) located in pens ($2.4{\times}1.8m$) with totally perforated metal flooring. The crates were kept in an experimental room that was thermostatically controlled to approximately $23^{\circ}C$. A 250-W infrared heat lamp was turned on above the creep area during lactation. The sows and piglets were conventionally managed. The animals were recorded during a 24-h period at 1, 4, 7, 14 and 21 days postpartum. The videotapes were scanned every minute to obtain an instantaneous behavioral sample. In the behaviors of sows, lateral recumbency decreased and ventral recumbency increased from 1 day postpartum to 21 days postpartum. In comparison to the AIAOS, sows in the NAIAOS spent much less time on lateral recumbency (p<0.01), whereas they spent much more time on ventral recumbency and sitting at 4 days postpartum (p<0.05 and p<0.05). In the behaviors of piglets, lying increased and unsuccessful suckling decreased until 21 days postpartum. Compared to the AIAOS at 4 days postpartum, piglets in the NAIAOS spent less time lying (p<0.01), whereas they spent much more time walking and unsuccessful suckling (p<0.01 and p<0.05). These results suggest that the all-in all-out system may be preferable to the non-all-in all-out system for promoting welfare.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.273-283
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• 2010

이 연구의 목적은 정상폐의 의존적 부위와 비의존적 부위에서 중력과 호흡이 폐밀도에 어떤 영향을 미치는지 그리고 폐첨부, 중부, 기저부의 부위별 밀도 차이가 어떻게 존재하며 호기말 양압에 따른 폐실질의 변화상을 알아보고 흉부 전산화 단층촬영에서 호기말 양압과 중력에 의해 가장 영향을 적게 받는 최적의 자세와 압력을 결정하고자 한다. 비글 8마리와 시츄 8마리에서 자발 호흡을 억제시킨 상태에서 호기말양압을 0 mmHg, 10 mmHg, 20 mmHg를 가하여 배측 횡와 자세와 복측 횡와 자세, 좌 우측 횡와자세에서 전산화 단층 촬영을 실시하였다. 폐의 첨부와 중부기저부 (각각 대동맥궁, 기관 분기부, 횡격막 직상방) 세부위의 슬라이스를 선택하였다. 스캔한 세 부위에서 대혈관은 포함시키지 않고 흉벽에서 5 mm 떨어진 폐 주변부에서 전부, 후부, 측부 세 곳을 정하여 50 mm2 면적을 갖는 원형의 관심영역을 설정한 후 그 면적의 밀도를 측정하였다. 폐밀도는 품종과 자세, 호기말 양압에 상관없이 호기말 양압이 0 mmHg, 10 mmHg에서 중력방향에 영향을 받은 폐의 의존적인 부분이 비의존적인 부분보다 더 높게 측정이 되었으나 호기말 양압이 20 mmHg일때는 시츄견의 배측 횡와 자세를 제외하고는 폐밀도에 차이가 없었다. 4가지 자세 모두에서 폐의 첨부의 폐밀도가 폐의 기저부 보다 더 높게 측정이 되었으며 압력이 증가함에 따라 동일부위에서 측정한 폐밀도는 감소하는 경향으로 관찰되었다. 같은 압력과 같은 자세에서 폐의 첨부와 중부, 기저부의 슬라이스에서 전부, 후부, 측부를 비교 평가한 결과에서는 비글과 시츄견 모두에서 복측 횡와 자세와 좌 우측으로 횡와한 자세, 20 mmHg에서 폐밀도간에 차이가 없는 것으로 확인되었다. 따라서 흉부 전산화 단층촬영을 위한 최적의 자세와 호기말 양압은 비글과 시츄견 모두에서 복측 횡와 자세와 좌 우측으로 횡와한 자세 와 20 mmHg로 확인되었으며 이러한 결과들을 바탕으로 폐질환이 의심되는 동물에 있어서 전산화 단층 촬영상 판독을 위한 기초 자료를 구축할 수 있었다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.510-515
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• 2011

개에서 컴퓨터단층촬영술을 이용하여, 촬영 자세에 따른 정상 폐의 용적과 밀도를 정량적으로 평가하였다. 각각 6 마리의 페키니즈견과 말티즈견에서 컴퓨터단층촬영을 실시하면서 자세를 앙와위, 좌측과 우측 횡와위, 그리고 흉와위로 변경하였다. 컴퓨터단층촬영을 실시하는 동안 일정한 정도의 양압환기를 실시하였다. 폐용적과 밀도는 CT 영상의 삼차원 재구성 방식을 통해 측정하였고, 전체 폐용적 및 밀도, 좌측과 우측 폐의 용적과 밀도를 각각 측정하였다. 삼차원 재구성 결과 폐의 모양은 두 품종견에서 매우 다르게 나타났다. 폐용적과 밀도는 촬영 자세를 변경하는 동안 두 품종견에서 모두 유의적인 변화를 보이지 않았다. 오른쪽 폐용적이 왼쪽 폐에 비해 유의적으로 약 $66.91{\pm}25.1$ ml 만큼 컸다. 페키니즈 견과 말티즈 견의 체중 차이가 유의적이었으며, 체중과 흉와위로 촬영한 폐용적 간에 선형관계가 관찰되었다. 좌우측 횡와위 촬영에서 중력의 영향을 받는 쪽의 폐는 반대쪽 폐에 비해 밀도는 높고 용적은 감소되었다. 컴퓨터단층촬영으로 측정한 전체 폐용적은 폐밀도와 관련이 있었으며, 폐밀도가 정상 폐용적을 유추하는데 유용하게 사용될 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.104-112
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• 2023

The change in the position of the abdominal organs due to movement by respiration is one of the reasons behind inaccurate irradiation of organs during radiotherapy (RT). Although studies in human medicine have revealed on the respiratory movements of abdominal organs, there is little information and no reference data for dogs. The purpose of this study was to establish the reference values of abdominal organs movement in various postures using computed tomography (CT), and to compare the movements of organs between dorsal recumbency and ventral, right and left lateral recumbency during respiration. CT images for kidney, adrenal gland, medial iliac lymph node, urinary bladder, gallbladder, liver, stomach, and thoracic and lumbar vertebral body of five beagle dogs were acquired. The movements of organs were evaluated by comparing the end-expiratory and end-inspiratory images. Movements of the organs were evaluated by dividing it into right-to-left, dorsal-to-ventral, and cranial-to-caudal directions. The movements of abdominal organs according to the change in postures and respiration were establish. The movement of the bilateral organs was the least when the organs were in the downward position (p < 0.017). The movement of cranial-to-caudal direction was greater than the movement of the other directions in most of the organs. Data obtained in this study may be useful in selecting the appropriate posture that can reduce the movements of organs to be treated with RT, and the data could be useful for setting the planning target volume to consider the movements of the abdominal organs by respiration.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.12-22
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• 1997

Intravenous and oral acute toxicity tests in ICR mice and SD rats and percutaneous acute toxicity tests in SD rats and NZW rabbits were conducted to evaluate the toxicity of DA-5018 and DA-5018 cream, respectively Clinical signs observed in mice and rats after the administration of DA-5018 were similar regardless of administration route. The observed clinical signs were jumping, wild running, lacrimation, ataxia, reddening of extremities and ears, ventral or lateral recumbency, respiratory distress, cyanosis, convulsion and death. Pulmonary enlargement and hemorrhage were observed in the animals died immediately after the dosing of DA-5018. At terminal necropsy, pulmonary enlargement and hemorrhage, corneal opacity and focal scabbing and depilation around nose were seen. LD$_{50}$ Values of DA-5018 are 11.5 mg/kg (mice, male), 12.6 mg/kg (mice, female), 88.3 mg/kg (rat, male) and 73.2 mg/kg (rat, female) in oral toxicity tests and 11.0 mg/kg (mice, male), 18.7 mg/kg (mice, female), 0.12 mg/kg (rat, male) and 0.32 mg/kg (rat, female) in i.v. toxicity tests. In the percutaneous acute toxicity tests of DA-5018 cream, no deaths occured in all the tested groups during 14-day observation period. There were also no abnormalities in the general conditions, body weight changes and on necropsy findings in all groups. LD$_{50}$ values of 0.1 ~0.9% DA-5018 creams in male and female rats and rabbits are >2000 mg/kg./kg.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제53권4호
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• pp.269-271
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• 2013

Here, we report the poisoning case of 10 cows. Several distinct clinical signs such as convulsion, excessive salivation, circling, lateral recumbency, and death were observed. Necropsy and histopathological examination did not reveal any significant abnormal findings. Moreover, no bacteria or viruses were detected in tissue, blood, and feeding food. However, endosulfan was detected from the stomach contents and microbials. Our results strongly suggest that death of cows may be closely associated with endosulfan poisoning.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.469-473
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• 1999

A 120 kg, 3-year-old, male ostrich (Struthio camelus) was submitted to the veterinary teaching hospital, Chonbuk national university, for chronic weight loss, anorexia, small hard fecal pellets, and lethargy. Illness was first noticed approximately 2 weeks before submission. Although the bird was able to stand, he was extremely weak and cachectic. Blood examination indicated that the bird was dehydration (PCV: 55%). Fluoroscopic and lateral abdominal radio-graphic view indicated impaction of distended proventriculus with bigger rocks than normal. Anesthesia was induced with ketamine (10 mg/kg, IV)-xylazine (1 mg/kg, IV) combination and maintained with ketamine (10 mg/kg, IV) at intervals of 8 to 15 minutes during the entire procedure. After induction of general anesthesia, the bird was positioned in dorsal recumbency. The skin was incised approximately 15cm caudal to the caudal margin of the sternum and extended 20 to 25 cm caudally. After the proventriculotomy was peformed, the impacted material that weighed 3kg contained rocks in 4 to 6cm diameter was removed. The incision of proventriculus was closed in 2 layers. Cephalothin sodium (30 mg/kg, IV, q12hrs) and dexamethazone (2 mg/kg, IM, q24hrs) was administered before and after 5 days of the operation. The bird was eating well and defecating normal feces after 3 weeks of the surgery