• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• 제28권10호
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• pp.155-161
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• 2023

In this paper, we present a WebRTC-based emergency video call system structure that builds a service system in a constant monitoring environment to increase the usability and stability of elevator emergency call devices. The proposed system provides a smooth call environment between the emergency call system in the elevator and maintenance managers in case of an emergency, performs rapid response processing to elevator emergency calls through monitoring of the target elevator, and handles any emergency calls that may occur in the physical space of the elevator. The purpose is to build an environment that can implement low-latency, real-time video call services of voice and video by overcoming the physical constraints required for video calls. To this end, we have established a service environment based on OpenAPI, which is currently used in various fields and its performance has been proven, and provides video calls and emergency situation dissemination through rapid messaging by providing low-latency call quality. The presented system structure will be able to provide a basis for expanding various functions and constructing a reliable service environment and intelligent model for the elevator system through combination with the elevator control panel and various devices.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제5권11호
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• pp.1997-2015
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• 2011

In this paper, we propose the enhanced network-based mobility management protocol, called enhanced proxy mobile ipv6 (E-PMIPv6), which can provide mobile nodes (MNs) with a fast and efficient mobility service in PMIPv6 domain. The proposed scheme can provide a fast and efficient mobility service to MNs and also the strength of network scalability and stability to an access network by proposing the dynamic virtual hierarchical network architecture. In addition, the pre-authentication procedure for an MN, based on the information of neighbor mobile access gateway (MAG) list in the enhanced-policy server (E-PS), is proposed to support seamless handover by reducing MN's handover latency. Through performance evaluations of numerical analyses and simulations, we have confirmed and verified the superiority of the proposed scheme compared to the conventional proxy mobile ipv6 (PMIPv6).

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.44-57
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• 2016

Rectification is used as a preprocessing to reduce the computation complexity of disparity estimation. However, rectification also requires a complex computation. To minimize the computing complexity, rectification using a lookup-table (R-LUT) has been introduced. However, since, the R-LUT consumes large amount of memory, rectification with compressed LUT (R-CLUT) has been introduced. However, the more we reduce the memory consumption, the more we need decoding overhead. Therefore, we need to attain an acceptable trade-off between the size of LUT and decoding overhead. In this paper, we present such a trade-off by adaptively combining simple coding methods, such as differential coding, modified run-length coding (MRLE), and Huffman coding. Differential coding is applied to transform coordinate data into a differential form in order to further improve the coding efficiency along with Huffman coding for better stability and MRLE for better performance. Our experimental results verified that our coding scheme yields high performance with maintaining robustness. Our method showed about ranging from 1 % to 16 % lower average inverse of compression ratio than the existing methods. Moreover, we maintained low latency with tolerable hardware overhead for real-time implementation.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• 제34권8B호
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• pp.760-767
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• 2009

While network evolution toward all IP based wired and wireless converged network is on the move, services are being progressed into converged and complex services from simply coupled services, and telecommunication operators are developing new technologies which enable users to move between heterogeneous networks without discontinuity of a current service. In this paper, we propose a IP handover mechanism which reduces ping-pong effect during IP handover between WLAN and CDMA2000 1x EV-DO Rev.A neworks. We present stability and enhanced latency of the proposed IP handover mechanism by experimentation. The mechanism was developed under the 3rd phase of BcN project.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 한국정보통신학회 2019년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.448-450
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• 2019

Multipath TCP (MPTCP) is a standardized transport layer protocol for maximizing the use of finite network resources by using multiple interfaces simultaneously. If the characteristics of each path are the same, there is an advantage in terms of stability and bandwidth utilization compared to the existing single TCP. However, if the path characteristics are different, the performance is lower than that of a single TCP. There are many complex reasons for this, but one of the biggest impacts is the bufferbloat, which dramatically increases the latency. In this paper, we implemented an algorithm that improved MPTCP performance degradation due to bufferbloat in Linux - based testbed and compared performance with existing MPTCP scheduler.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.145-153
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• 2022

Background: Postoperative analgesia (POA) is an important determinant of successful treatment. Dexmedetomidine (DEX) has recently gained attention as a promising adjuvant to local anesthetics (LA). The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of levobupivacaine (LB) as an adjuvant during inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) in the extraction of lower impacted third molars (LITM). Methods: A prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, triple-blind, parallel-arm, and clinical study was performed on 50 systemically healthy participants who required removal of an asymptomatic LITM. Using a 1:1 distribution, the participants were randomized into two groups (n = 25). Group L (control group) received 1.8 mL of 0.5% LB and 0.2 mL normal saline (placebo) and Group D (study group) received a blend of 1.8 mL of 0.5% LB and 0.2 mL (20 ㎍) DEX. The primary outcome variable was the duration of POA and hemodynamic stability, and the secondary variable was the total number of analgesics required postoperatively for up to 72 h. The participants were requested to record the time of rescue analgesic use and the total number of rescue analgesics taken. The area under the curve was plotted for the total number of analgesics administered. The pain was evaluated using the visual analog scale. Data analysis was performed using paired students and unpaired t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, Chi-square test, and receiver operating characteristic analysis. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. Results: The latency, profoundness of anesthesia, and duration of POA were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The differences between mean pain scores at 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h were found to be significant (each P = 0.0001). Fewer analgesics were required by participants in group D (2.12 ± 0.33) than in L (4.04 ± 0.67), with a significant difference (P = 0.0001). Conclusion: Perineurally administered LA with DEX is a safe, effective, and therapeutic approach for improving latency, providing profound POA, and reducing the need for postoperative analgesia.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.30-36
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• 2020

Objectives: The objective of the study was to prepare Bauhinia variegata loaded nanoemulsion(formulation and determine the efficacy of herbal drug formulation against diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain through acupuncture technique. Methods: Nine different ba tches of nanoemulsion (NE1 NE9) of BVN was prepared by varying the S_mix ratio and the concentration of oil. BVN was characterized to determine particle size, shape, zeta potential, polydispersity index, optical transmittance, drug release profile and stora ge stability. The optimized formulation was subjected to plantar test, behavioral tests of neuropathic pain and Von Frey filament stimulation test. Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of freshly prepared solution of Streptozotocin (60 mg/kg) to the experimental rats. Animals were made diabetic divided into four groups, Group I was untreated normal control group, Group II was diabetic control group, Group III was Bauhinia variegata extract ( treated group (100 mg/kg/day, p.o) and Group IV was BVN treated groups (100 mg/kg/day, p.o) acute and chronically. Results: The prepared B. variegata loaded nanoemulsion was nanosized (124 nm), spherical, uniform and stable over the period of 180 days with no change in physiochemical properties. The bl ood glucose and body weight of animals was normalizing after four weeks of treatment that was significant with BVN in comparison to diabetic control group. The chronic administration of BVN significantly (P<0.001) decreased hind paw withdrawal latency an d attenuated mechanical allodynia as compared with diabetic rats. Conclusion: Thus, BVN may be an effective drug formulation against diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 대한전자공학회 2000년도 ITC-CSCC -1
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• pp.101-104
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• 2000

Nowadays, the issue of congestion control in high-speed communication networks becomes critical in view of the bandwidth-delay products for efficient data flow. In particular, the fact that the congestion is often accompanied by the data flow from the high-speed link to low-speed link is important with respect to the stability of closed-loop congestion control. The Virtual-Connection Network (VCN) in Gigabit Ethernet networks is a packet-switching based network capable of implementing cell- based connection, link-by-link flow-controlled connection, and single- or multi-destination virtual connections. VCN described herein differ from the virtual channel in ATM literature in that VCN have link-by-link flow control and can be of multi-destination. VCNs support both connection-oriented and connectionless data link layer traffic. Therefore, the worst collision scenario in Ethernet CSMA/CD with virtual collision brings about end-to-end delay. Gigabit Ethernet networks based on CSMA/CD results in non-deterministic behavior because its media access rules are based on random probability. Hence, it is difficult to obtain any sound mathematical formulation for congestion control without employing random processes or fluid-flow models. In this paper, an analytical method for the design of a congestion control scheme is proposed based on Smith＇s principle to overcome instability accompanied with the increase of end-to-end delays as well as to avoid cell losses. To this end, mathematical analysis is provided such that the proposed control scheme guarantees the performance improvement with respect to bandwidth and latency for selected network links with different propagation delays. In addition, guaranteed bandwidth is to be implemented by allowing individual stations to burst several frames at a time without intervening round-trip idle time.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• 제32권2B호
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• pp.108-117
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• 2007

Recursive DNS is configured as primary or secondary DNS on user PC and performs domain name resolution corresponding user's DNS query. At present, the amount of DNS traffic is occupied high rate in the total internet traffic and the internet traffic would be increased by failure of IPv6 DNS queries and responses as IPv6 transition environment. Also, existing Recursive DNS service mechanisms is unstable on malicious user's attack same as DoS/DDoS Attack and isn't provide to user trust DNS service fail-over. In this paper, we propose IPv6 Recursive DNS service mechanisms for based on anycast for improving stability. It is that fail-over Recursive DNS is configured IPv6 Anycast address for primary Recursive DNS's foil-over. this mechanisms increases reliability and resiliency to DoS/DDoS attacks and reduces query latency and helps minimize DNS traffic as inducing IPv6 address.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.654-666
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• 2019

The tactical network has several different characteristics compared with commercial internet network such as hierarchical topology, dynamic topology changing and wireless link based connectivity. For considering IP mobility management in the tactical network, current mobility management using Mobile IP(MIP) is not suitable with some reasons such as non-optimal routing paths and single point of failure. Proxy Mobile IP(PMIP) which supporting network-based mobility in hierarchical manner can provide optimal routing path in the tactical network environment, but centralized anchor is still remained a threat to the stability of the tactical network which changes its topology dynamically. In this paper, we propose PMIP-based distributed mobility management for the tactical network environment. From our design, routing paths are always configured in optimized way, as well as path is recovered quickly when the mobility anchor of user is failed. From numerical analysis, comparing to other mobility scheme, result shows that the proposed scheme can reduce packet transmission cost and latency in tactical network model.