• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.870-875
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• 2011

Arthritis of the knee is the most common type of joint inflammatory disorder and it is associated with pain and inflammation of the joint capsule. The aim of present study was to investigate the endogenous effect of low intensity laser acupuncture on collagen-induced arthritis in rats. Forty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into normal group, arthritis group, low laser group with 10 rats in each group. Arthritis in rats was induced by subcutaneous injection of type II collagen combined with complete Freund's adjuvant. Here we investigated the effects of low intensity laser therapy in experimentally induced rat knee arthritis. To evaluate preventive and therapeutic effects of low intensity laser acupuncture on collagen-induced arthritis rats. In collagen induced arthritic rats, there was significant increase in rat paw volume and decrease in body weight increment, whereas low intensity laser therapy groups, showed significant reduction in paw volume and normal gain in body weight. The altered biochemical parameters(blood urea, serum creatinine, total proteins and acute phase proteins) in the arthritic rats were significantly brought back to near normal by the low intensity laser therapy. Therefore, low intensity laser acupuncture may be a useful treatment in the prevention and treatment of collagen-induced arthritis.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.725-732
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• 2000

Laser induced incandescence (LII) method is frequently used to measure soot volume fraction in flames. In this study, experiments were performed to measure soot volume fraction in coaxial diffusion flame using LII method and calibrated with laser scattering/extinction method. The effects of laser intensity (>$1{\times}10^8W/cm^2$), laser wavelength (532nm, 1064nm) and detection wavelength (400nm, 600nm) on the LII signal were investigated. On the range of $4{\times}10^8{\sim}8{\times}10^8W/cm^2$ there were no effects of laser intensity on LII signal. Except these ranges, LII signal was increased with laser intensity. For the long gate width, the LII signals of the higher laser intensity (>${\vartheta}(GW/cm^2)$) cases had better correlation with soot volume fraction which were measured by laser extinction method compared with lower laser intensity cases. The errors of 2-dimensional cases at the calibration height were approximately 50% regardless of laser wavelength.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.12 no.10
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• pp.69-77
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• 1995

This laser measurement system has been developed using He-Ne laser and photodiode. The laser beam intensity transmitted on a photodiode was disturbed by eccentrically rotating disk cam with various speeds. The photodiode and an amplifier were used to change the detected beam intensity into voltage. The digitized data through the developed system were recorded on a micro-computer by using a signal analysis program. Its reliability was ascertained by using FFT analyzer. The vibration of rotating disk cam can be analyzed by measureing the intensity change of laser beam which the results by FFT analyzer were similar to. The amplifier was devised to be able to modulate the fluctuations of laser beam. The voltage could be linearly recorded with the change of the laser beam intensity.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Combustion
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.75-82
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• 1996

Laser induced incandescence, LII, recently developed technique for measuring soot concentration in flames, can overcome most of limitations of conventional laser extinction measurement. In this study, experiments were performed to investigate the effect of laser intensity, detection wavelength, and also laser beam quality on both LII signal at a particular position and peak-to-centerline LII signal ratio. The results of LII signal with increasing laser intensity shows its near-independence of laser intensity once threshold level of laser intensity has been reached. However, this near-independence depends on laser beam quality and the incident optical setup. The peak-to-centerline LII signal ratio slowly but continuously increases with laser power. This fact is due to the dependence of LII signal on particle mean diameter. LII signal is attenuated during it passes through the flame containing soot particles. The attenuation rate is inversely proportional to detection wavelength. In this study, LII signal at 680 nm band is 10% greater than the signal at 400 nm band.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• v.1
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• pp.504-507
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• 2006

Airborn Lidar technology has been applied to diverse applications with the advantages of accurate 3D information. Further, Lidar intensity, backscattered signal power, can provid us additional information regarding target's characteristics. Lidar intensity varies by the target reflectance, moisture condition, range, and viewing geometry. This study purposes to generate normalized airborne LiDAR intensity image considering those influential factors such as reflectance, range and geometric/topographic factors (scan angle, ground height, aspect, slope, local incidence angle: LIA). Laser points from one flight line were extracted to simplify the geometric conditions. Laser intensities of sample plots, selected by using a set of reference data and ground survey, werethen statistically analyzed with independent variables. Target reflectance, range between sensor and target, and surface slope were main factors to influence the laser intensity. Intensity of laser points was initially normalized by removing range effect only. However, microsite topographic factor, such as slope angle, was not normalized due to difficulty of automatic calculation.

• Laser Solutions
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.11-14
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• 2012

In this paper, we have made a proposal concerning the beam shaping mask(BSM) using random-array slits to control intensity distribution profile of laser beam and demonstrated its proprieties experimentally. When a lot of slits are set out irregularly, diffraction patterns of light does not appear but granularity patterns as a bundle of fibers appear. Intensity distribution profile is controlled by densities distribution of circular slits arrayed randomly because the number of slits and its area means amount of light energy through BSM. Namely as the number of slits in high intensity area is increased and that in low intensity area decreased, amount of light energy is same over all local parts. So gaussian intensity distribution could be changed to flat-top.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.1-12
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• 2011

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to review laser acupuncture studies to find possibility for applying high intensity laser to acupuncture and moxibustion treatment. Methods : Searching papers was performed using search engines of five electronic databases, including Pubmed, Thomson ISI, EMBASE, Sciencedirect, and EBSCO, from inception to May 2011 without language limitation. Inclusion criteria were clinical studies with human, randomized controlled trials (RCTs), case-control studies, and case reports. Selecting papers was performed with titles and abstracts in first step, scrutinize full text in second step, and then the extrated data was analyzed by two authors independently. The methodological quality for RCTs was evaluated using Jadad's scale. Results : Total 8 papers, (3 RCTs, 5 controlld studies, and 1 case reports), were finally selected. The study dealt with surgical laser, argon and $CO_2$ laser was one for each, with GaAs laser was two, and with new semiconductor laser, GaN, were four. The output range was from 110 mW to 15 W. The study diseases were alcohol addiction, knee osteoarthritis, bronchopneumonia and asthma for children, and circulation. All studies reported positive effect. The methodological quality in all RCTs was low because of below 3 points and all studies had few subject numbers. Conclusions : We suggest that high intensity laser can be applied to acupuncture and moxibustion. Further rigorous and well-designed study will be needed for various disease. The oriental medical society needs to take active measures to study and clinical application of acupuncture and moxibustion treatment with high intensity laser.

• Laser Solutions
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.33-42
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• 2002

In order to investigate the characteristics of the plasma induced by lap-joint CO$_2$ laser welding of automotive steel sheets, the effects of welding speed, shield gas flow rate, gap size, and laser beam defocus to plasma intensity emitted from keyhole have been investigated. The plasma light is measured by fiber and photodiode. Also, the plasma images were captured by the high speed digital camera in 1000frames/sec in order to correlate the plasma light signal with plasma pattern. From the results, it is observed that the difference of the plasma intensity for between the deep penetration and partial penetration exists from 1.2 to 2 times. The plasma light intensity decreased in case of the deep penetration Is observed due to the exhausting of the plasma gas under the sheet. On the other hand, under the conditions of the deep penetration, the plasma intensity is significantly increased by controling the conditions decreasing the penetration depth. It was specially founded that the effect of 0.3mm gap size at partial penetration condition is approximately similar to deep penetration in 0mm gap. It is concluded that the plasma intensity is able to evaluate the penetration depth in lap-joint welding and appears to offer the most straightforward correlation to the welding process.

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.708-713
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• 2023

A robust all-fiber nonlinear amplifying loop-mirror-based mode-locked femtosecond laser is demonstrated. Power-dependent nonlinear phase shift in a Sagnac loop enables stable and power-efficient mode-locking working as an artificial saturable absorber. The pump power is adjusted to achieve the lowest intensity noise for stable long-term operation. The minimum pump power for mode-locking is 180 mW, and the optimal pump power is 300 mW. The lowest integrated root-mean-square relative intensity noise of a free-running mode-locked laser is 0.009% [integration bandwidth: 1 Hz-10 MHz]. The long-term repetition-rate instability of a free-running mode-locked laser is 10^-7 over 1,000 s averaging time. The repetition-rate phase noise scaled at 10-GHz carrier is -122 dBc/Hz at 10 kHz Fourier frequency. The demonstrated method can be applied as a seed source in high-precision real-time mid-infrared molecular spectroscopy.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.2-7
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• 2009

This paper reviews evolution of the research networks on intense laser science under international and Asian frameworks during 2000 to 2008. The OECD Global Science Forum Steering Committee on Compact, High-Intensity Short-Pulse Lasers led to the establishment of the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics (IUPAP) Working Group: International Committee on Ultrahigh Intensity Lasers (ICUIL) and the Asian Intense Laser Network (AILN) in 2004. Through various activities under AILN such as the Asian Symposium on Intense Laser Science (ASILS), the Asian Summer School on Laser Plasma Acceleration and Radiation, and the High-Order Harmonics Workshops, closer relations are being formed among the scientists and also among the young generations working in intense laser science in the Asian regions.