• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.83-88
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• 1996

두 인접한 원주 유동장을 입자 영상 속도계를 이용하여 연구하였다. 실험은 회류수조에서 행하였다. 흐름방향에 평행하게 배치하는 방법과 직교배열의 두가지 방법으로 원주를 배열하였다. 연구 결과는 다른 연구자의 결과와 일치함을 보여주었다. 본 연구를 통하여 입자 영상 속도계를 이용한 유동장 해석이 대단히 효과적임을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.22-30
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• 1999

Optimization of in-cylinder flow is regarded as one of the most important factors to realize stable stratified charge combustion in a Spark-ignited Direct Injection(SDI) engine. Therefore, Computational Fluid Dynamic(CFD) simulation technique were used to clarify the characteristics of in-cylinder flow of a SDI engine with top entry intake port. Also, CFD results were compared to experimental results using Laser Doppler Velocimetry(LDV), Particle Image Velocimetry(PIV) and good validations were met. As the results reverse tumble flow generated during intake process was preserved by configuration of curved piston while base and reverse tumbles were diminished at the end of compression stroke in case of flat top piston. In addition, it will be needed to optimize the fuel mixture distribution based on these results.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제8권10호
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• pp.1322-1328
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• 2005

점성 유체를 담고 쳐는 실린더가 회전운동을 시작하면 회전 원판의 원심력과 에크만 펌핑 효과에 의해 실린더 외벽의 각운동량이 유체에 전달되는 과정에서 자오면상의 유동이 생기게 되고, 이 때 유체의 특성에 따라 유동장의 운동량 획득 특성이 다르게 나타나게 된다. 본 연구에서는 뉴턴 유체와 비-뉴턴 유체의 유동장 획득에 대한 정보를 가시화 영상에서 검출하고 이를 기반으로 유체의 특성을 분석하는 방법을 제안한다. 영상으로부터 운동량이 가장 크게 변화하는 전단면(shear front)의 위치를 알아내기 위해서, 유체의 운동량이 영상에서의 밝기정보로 나타나도록 실험환경을 구성한다. 입력 영상으로부터 유체의 운동량과 흐름을 가시화 할 수 있도록 가시화 매개 물질을 사용하여 영상을 획득하고, 영상에서 에크만 경계층의 전단면을 찾아내어 이동거리를 계산함으로써 유체의 특성을 분석하는 방안을 제시한다. 또한 유동장에 대해, LDV(Laser Doppler Velocimetry)로 측정한 값과 영상으로부터 얻은 값을 비교함으로써 제안된 방법에 대한 정확성을 검증하고, 검증된 데이터를 기반으로 비-뉴턴 유체와 뉴턴 유체에 대한 특성을 분석한다.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제50권6호
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• pp.399-406
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• 2013

In the present study, the flat plate model test method is developed to evaluate the skin friction of the marine coating in the cavitation tunnel. Six-component force balance is used to measure the profile drag of the flat plate and strut. LDV(laser Doppler velocimetry) technique is also employed to evaluate the drag and to figure out the reason of the drag reduction. The flow velocities above the surface can be used to assess the skin friction, combined with direct force measurement. Since the vortical structure in the coherent turbulence structure influences on the skin friction in the high Reynolds number regime, the interaction between the turbulence structure and the surface wall is paying more attention. This sort of thing is important in the passive control of the turbulent boundary layer because the skin friction can't be determined only by wall condition. As complicated flow phenomena exist around a paint film, systematic measurement and analysis are necessary to evaluate the skin friction appropriately.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제58권4호
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• pp.243-252
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• 2021

The present study aims to investigate the interaction of a wire-type turbulence stimulator and the laminar boundary layer on a flat plate by flow field measurement. For the towing tank tests, a one-dimensional Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV) attached on a two-axis traverse was used to measure the streamwise velocity component of the boundary layer flow in zero pressure gradient, disturbed by a turbulence stimulator. The wire diameter was 0.5 and 1.0 mm according to the recommended procedures and guidelines suggested by the International Towing Tank Conference. Turbulence development by the stimulator was identified by the skin friction coefficient, mean and Root Mean Square (RMS) of the streamwise velocity. The laminar boundary layer with the absence of the wire-type stimulator was similar to the Blasius solution and previous experimental results. By the stimulator, the mean and RMS of the streamwise velocity were increased near the wall, showing typical features of the fully developed turbulent boundary layer. The critical Reynolds number was reduced from 2.7×10⁵ to 1.0×10⁵ by the disturbances caused by the wire. As the wire diameter and the roughness Reynolds number (Rek) increased, the disturbances by the stimulator increased RMS of the streamwise velocity than turbulent boundary layer.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.596-608
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• 2018

The present study aims to assess test uncertainty assessment method of nominal wake field measurement by a Stereoscopic Particle Image Velocimetry (SPIV) system in a towing tank. The systematic uncertainty of the SPIV system was estimated from repeated uniform flow measurements. In the uniform flow measurement case, time interval between image frames and uniform flow speed were varied to examine the effects of particle displacement and flow around the SPIV system on the systematic standard uncertainty. The random standard uncertainty was assessed by repeating nominal wake field measurements and the estimated random standard uncertainty was compared with that of laser Doppler velocimetry. The test uncertainty assessment method was applied to nominal wake measurement tests of a very large crude oil carrier model ship. The nominal wake measurement results were compared with existing experimental database by other measurement methods, with its assessed uncertainty.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.504-511
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• 2000

PIV(Particle Image Velocimetry) is a recently developed technique for visualizing the fluid velocity fields. Because it has several advantages over the LDV(Laser Doppler Velocimetry), it became one of the most popular diagnostic tools in spite of its short history. However, its application to combustion is restricted by some problems such as flame illumination, scattered light refraction, particle density variation due to heat release, the combined effect of abrupt change in particle density and fluid velocity on flame contour, and thermophoresis which is particle lagging due to temperature gradient. These problems are expected to be originated from the non-continuous characteristics of flames and the limitations of particle dynamics. In the present study, these problems were considered for the visualization of the instantaneous coaxial hydrogen diffusion flame. And the instantaneous flame contour was detected using particle density difference. The visualized diffusion flame velocity field shows its turbulent and meandering nature. It was also observed that the flame is located inside the outer shear layer and flame geometry is largely influenced by the vorticity.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제26권10호
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• pp.1378-1386
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• 2002

In the present study, velocity profile and wall shear stress distributions of developing turbulent oscillatory flows in an oscillator connected to straight duct located in exit region of a curved duct was investigated experimentally. The experimental study for air flows was conducted to measure axial velocity profiles, shear stress distributions by using the Laser Doppler Velocimetry(LDV) system with the data acquisition and processing system of Rotating Machinery Resolver(R.M.R) and PHASE software. The results obtained from experimental studies are summarized as follows. The critical Reynolds number for a change from transitional oscillatory flow to turbulent flow was about 7500, in the 60region of dimensionless axial position which was considered as a fully developed flow region. The turbulent oscillatory flow, velocity profiles of the inflow period in the entrance region were gradually developed, but those of the outflow period were not changed nearly. Velocity profiles of inflow and outflow were shown as a symmetric form in a fully developed flow region. The wall shear stress distributions of turbulent oscillatory flow increase rapidly as the flow proceeds to downstream and flow was in good agreement with the theoretically.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.675-684
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• 2002

Two-dimensional, angle-resolved LDV(Laser Doppler Velocimetry) measurements of the turbulent rotating flow field in a confined cylinder have been performed. The configurations of interest are flows between a rotating upper disk with a rod attached by a disk or impeller($\theta$ = 45$^{\circ}$, 90$^{\circ}$) and a stationary lower disk in a confined cylinder. The mean flow velocity as well as the turbulent intensity of the flow field have been measured. The results show that the flow is strongly dependent on the position of the impellers or the disk, negligibly affected by the Reynolds number in turbulent flow. It is observed that the mixing effect of the axial flow impeller($\theta$ = 45$^{\circ}$) is better than that of the radial flow impeller($\theta$ = 90$^{\circ}$) or a disk.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.81-88
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• 2006

The spray characteristics of the rotating fuel injection system were investigated. The special test rig was devised to get the spatial and momentary droplet information. This experimental apparatus consists of a high-speed motor, a shaft, a rotating fuel nozzle and an acrylic case. Spray droplet size and velocity were measured by PDPA(Phase Doppler Particle Analyzer) and instantaneous velocity field was measured by 1'IV (Particle Image Velocimetry) system. At the same time, spray visualization was performed by using ND-YAG laser-based flash photography. From these two different laser diagnostic techniques, we could get spatial and instantaneous spray information fur rotating fuel injection system. The results presented in this paper indicate that spray characteristics such as droplet size, velocity and spray pattern were strongly influenced by rotational speed.