• 생물정신의학
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.70-77
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• 2021

Objectives Our study aimed to present the distinctive correlates of formal thought disorder in patients with schizophrenia, using the Clinical Language Disorder Rating Scale (CLANG). Methods We compared clinical characteristics between schizophrenia patients with (n = 84) and without (n = 82) formal thought disorder. Psychometric scales including the CLANG, the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS), the Calgery Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS) and the Word Fluency Test (WFT) were used. Results After adjusting the effects of age, sex and total scores on the BPRS, YMRS and WFT, the subjects with disorganized speech presented significantly higher score on the abnormal syntax (p = 0.009), lack of semantic association (p = 0.005), discourse failure (p < 0.0001), pragmatics disorder (p = 0.001), dysarthria (p < 0.0001), and paraphasic error (p = 0.005) items than those without formal thought disorder. With defining the mentioned item scores as covariates, binary logistic regression model predicted that discourse failure (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 5.88, p < 0.0001) and pragmatics disorder (aOR = 2.17, p = 0.04) were distinctive correlates of formal thought disorder in patients with schizophrenia. Conclusions This study conducted Clinician Rated Dimensions of Psychosis Symptom Severity (CRDPSS) and CLANG scales on 166 hospitalized schizophrenia patients to explore the sub-items of the CLANG scale independently related to formal thought disorders in schizophrenia patients. Discourse failure and pragmatics disorder might be used as the distinctive indexes for formal thought disorder in patients with schizophrenia.

• 인문언어
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• 제6권
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• pp.147-166
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• 2004

Whitehead's discussion of language is not to be found in any one book or article. It is interwoven with his discussion of many other questions. He was, however, greatly concerned with the problem of symbolism in general and the uses of language. He regards language, spoken or written, as an instrument devised by men to aid them in their adjustment to the environment in which they live Language is used for many specific purposes in the process of this adjustment. Words are employed not only to refer to data and to express emotions. They may be used also to record experiences, and thoughts about these experiences. Worts also function as instruments in the organization of experiences as they are considered in retrospect. Thus words free us from the bondage of the immediate. And Whitehead's theory of meaning is implicit in his discussion of the functions of language. According to him, the human mind is functioning symbolically when some components of its experience elicit consciousness, beliefs, emotions, and usages, respecting other components of its experiences. The former set of components are the 'symbols', and the latter set constitute the 'meaning' of the symbols. Whitehead points out that one word may have several meanings, i.e. refer to several different data. In order to understand, thus, the meaning to which a word refers, it is sometimes very important to appreciate the system of thought within which a person is operating. Further, Whitehead's discussion of language includes a number of cogent warning the deficiencies of language, and hence the need for great care in the use of words. In fact, language developed gradually. For the most part we have created words designed to deal with practical problems. Attention focuses on the prominent features in a situation, in particular the changing aspects of things. With reference to such data our words are relatively adequate. However, this issues in an unfortunate superficiality. The enduring, the subtle, the complex and the general aspects of the universe do not have adequate verbal representation. for this reason, Whitehead's position concerning the uses of language in speculative philosophy is stated with pungent directness. The uncritical trust in the adequacy of language is one of the main errors to which philosophy is liable. Since ordinary language does not do justice to the generalities, profundities and complexities of life, it is obvious that philosophy requires new words and phrases, or at least the revision of familiar words and phrases. Proceeding to develop the theme Whitehead contends that words and phrases must be stretched towards a generality foreign to their ordinary usage. In the same vein Whitehead refers to the need to realize that language which is the tool of philosophy needs to be redesigned just as in physical science available physical apparatus needs to be redesigned. But even these words and phrases, stretched or redesigned, are never completely adequate in philosophical speculations. They are, in his opinion, merely a great improvement over ordinary language or the language science, mathematics or symbolic logic.

• 비교문화연구
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• 제26권
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• pp.173-200
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• 2012

이 논문은 김수영 시에 나타난 "말", "언어", "활자", "글자", "책", "서책", "서적" 등과 같은 '언어-문자' 이미지에 주목하여, 그것들의 배경을 이루는 '에크리튀르'의 의미소와 정치학을 규명하고자 했다. 이러한 의제의 초점은 김수영 시를 언어학적이거나 수사학적 차원에서 접근하고 있는 대부분의 논문들이 지니는 한계와 문제점을 해결하려는 과정 속에서 마련되었다. 그것들의 가장 큰 문제점은 지엽적이고 세부적인 언어 용법으로 김수영 시의 분석과 해석을 제한하고 있는 데서 발생한다. 곧 그의 시에서 매우 빈번하게 나타나는 '언어-문자' 이미지에 대한 총체적인 해석의 틀을 제시하지 못할 뿐만 아니라, 그것에 대한 철학적이고 이론적인 해명이나 사회 정치적 담론 분석의 차원에서도 난점을 드러내고 있다는 것이다. 이 논문은 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위해 김수영 시에 드러난 "말"과 "언어" 이미지에 대해서는 하이데거의 '존재론적 사유'에 입각하여 해명하려 했으며, "활자", "글자", "붓"에 대해서는 데리다가 제시했던 '원초적 글쓰기' 개념을 통해 새롭게 해석하고자 했다. 나아가 "책", "서책", "서적" 등과 같은 이미지에 대해서는 바이우의 '진리의 윤리학'과 데리다의 '에크리튀르'라는 문제틀을 함께 도입하여 김수영의 시를 '에크리튀르의 정치학'이라는 말로 새롭게 명명하고자 했다.

• 공학논문집
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.139-150
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• 2004

2000년 이상 우리의 언어생활에서 강조 또는 의미의 전달을 위하여 사용되며, 묘사를 위한 언어로 간주되는 은유는 언어활동 뿐 만 아니라 인간의 사고활동 특별히 창조적 사고활동에 있어서 매우 중요한 역할을 담당한다. 창조성이 강조되는 디자인사고도 인간의 사유 활동의 하나로 보는 관점에서 은유는 창조적 디자인사고에 있어서 중요한 역할을 함에도 불구하고 이에 대한 연구가 미진하다. 본 연구에서는 작품 분석을 통한 은유적 방법에 대한 고찰의 일환으로 Aldo Rossi의 San Cataldo 공동묘지를 분석하여 여기서 보이는 은유를 언어학 이론, 인공지능이론, 컴퓨터공학의 지식표현이론, 인지학의 이론등을 토대로 하여 논리적 과학적으로 분석고찰하고 또한 작품에서 나타나는 창조성에 대하여 은유이론으로 설명한다.

• Acta Via Serica
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.109-120
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• 2017

The city of Basra, established on the shore of Basra Bay in the south of modern Iraq, played an important role in agriculture and trade for centuries, with its geography and its position where two great rivers of Mesopotamia flow. Before being established with its current name by the Muslim Arabs, the city was known as Teredon in the Chaldean period and VehiŞtebad ErdeŞir in the Sasanid period. It was reestablished with the name Basra in the early period of Islam by Arabs between Hijri 14-16 (635-637 CE). Afterward, the city became one of the most important centers of trade, science and thought; had a perfect cultural diversity; and hosted important schools of Arabic language and thought for centuries. Besides the commercial effects of its being a transfer point on the axis of Europe, Mesopotamia, Iran, and India, the schools of thought which emerged here were affected by this mobility. In this paper, we try to reveal the philosophical-religious approach which the Ikhwan al-Safa school of thought in Basra, one of the most important cities of the Silk Road, created in parallel with the characteristics of this city. Shiite Ismaili beliefs and thoughts in the region and its characteristics which feed different religions and traditions emerging from Egypt and with the scientific approach of Greek thought; with Indian-Iranian teachings that merge Greek thought and Neoplatonic philosophy, give us the summary of Silk Road civilizations.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.38-51
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to criticize (through available documents) the lecture in English at colleges. It is necessary that a study of English is emphasized in the era of internationalization. But, the indiscreet extension of lecture in English without consideration of the purpose, principle, and philosophy of college's education needs reflective thinking. This study criticized four dimensions, in other words the effectiveness of lecture in English, criteria of internationalization and college's competition of lecture in English, social inequality of lecture in English, and the harmfulness in the value of Korean language of lecture in English. First, most researches expressed the indiscreet extension of lecture in English was not effective in both students and professors. Second, many scholars and agencies on the internationalization and college's competition excluded the lecture in English as criteria. Third, the indiscreet extension of lecture in English had the possibility of social inequality. And fourth, the indiscreet extension of lecture in English had harmfulness in the value of Korean language and Korean's thought. College's education is an ivory tower in society. So, colleges should discard the thought that extension of lecture in English is the best way. Colleges should keep the purpose, principle, and philosophy of college's education.

• 한국어교육
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.185-208
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• 2017

This study is for investigating strategy of associating loanwords to original words of Korean language learners. Loanwords have often been thought as easily learnable because the knowledge of the original word is assumed to be helpful in discovering the meaning. But there is much phonological, morphological and semantic transforming in accepting original words in Korean, and therefore, it is not easy to connect Korean loanwords to the original words. In this study, the awareness of loanwords and competence of associating Korean loanwords to the original words of advanced Korean language learners from China are investigated. As a result, the awareness of loanwords is remarkably lower than the awareness of non-loanwords. And, the competence of association also was very low with 17.9% of successful association. This means the learners have difficulty in inferring the meaning of loanwords by connecting that to original words.

• 한국정보처리학회논문지
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• 제6권11S호
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• pp.3209-3218
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• 1999

Currently in the Web(World Wide Web) environment, HTML(Hyper Text Markup Language) is used for information representation and exchange. But it is thought that HTML has some constraints in information representation of various kinds because of its limited tag set. And it is considered that combining the HTML, which is used for static information representation in Web environment, with Scripting language, which is usually used for multimedia information representation in a synchronized framework, can be very useful. Consequently we show the general trend of the Scripting language in Web environment and show the possibility of HTML and Scripting language amalgamation for Web service improvement.

• 영어어문교육
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.127-152
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• 2007

Recently, the number of students to choose to study in Australia has been increasing significantly. The purpose of this study is to examine how Korean primary school children perceive their own English language learning and cultural adaptation in Australia. A questionnaire survey was conducted with 34 Korean children aged 8-13 who were attending primary schools in Brisbane, Queensland. The study results show that they made diverse efforts to learn English language and culture in Australia, such as making English-speaking friends, watching TV/video/DVD, reading English books, and studying with a foreign tutor. Their English listening and writing abilities were thought to be improved most, followed by speaking, reading and cultural understanding after studying in Australia. The subjects were mostly satisfied with their study and life in Australia but they had difficulties with communicating in English, homesickness, foods, weather, insects, and discrimination. In particular, they had problems with understanding classes conducted all in English and participating in the classroom activities due to their low level of English ability and understanding of Australian classroom culture. The findings of this study have pedagogical implications for educators both in Australia and Korea.

• 한국영어학회지:영어학
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.15-36
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• 2003

This paper investigates the patterns of language choice among bilingual Korean students in New Zealand and presents the findings by the individual variables which influence their language behaviour. Respondent variables such as gender, present age, age at migration, region, and duration of residence were adopted as frames of analyses as they were thought to bring us macro-sociolinguistic features of language behaviour in a broad sense. A total of 177 primary to tertiary students from three regions of New Zealand (Auckland, Wellington, and Christchurch) were surveyed to find out characteristics of their language choice patterns with diverse interlocutors in a wide range of contexts. It was found that the younger AAM (age at migration) group showed a greater shift towards English. In addition, the longer the respondents had resided in New Zealand the more they used English. The results also revealed that females generally used less English and were more flexible choosing either Korean or English according to the situation. The younger respondents were using more English in some exceptional contexts where tertiary students were ahead of secondary students. Respondents from Wellington, on the whole, shifted towards English more than others from Auckland, and Christchurch. From these findings some implications are suggested for Korean students, teachers, researchers, and the government not only in New Zealand but also in Korea.