• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.374-379
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• 1996

Background: Recently, improvements in drug administration technology have intensified interest in the treatment of postoperative pain. this has resulted in increased use of continuous intravenous infusion of opioid and epidural opioid as alternative to traditional intramuscular administration of opioid. The goal of this study, therefore, was to document the effects of pain control and side effects following continuous intravenous infusion of morphine or meperidine and intramuscular meperidine following cesarean section. Methods: The vital signs, pain score, oxygen saturation and side effects were compared in 150 patients receiving continuous intravenous infusion of morphine, 30 ${\mu}g/kg/hr$ (n=50, group 1); continuous intravenous infusion of meperidine, 150 ${\mu}g/kg/hr$ (n=50, group 2); or intramuscular meperidine, 50mg/every 6hrs (n=50, group 3). Results: VAS (Visual Analogue Scale) was significantly decreased after 30 minutes of administration in all three groups and was significantly lower at 1 hour, but higher at 6 hours in group 3 than two other groups. Severe desaturation episode, defined as $SpO_2$<90%, occurred in the group 3(0.2%). Moderate desaturation episodes, defined as $SpO_2$ 91~95%, occurred more in group 3 than in group 1 and 2 (17.4% vs. 10.4%, 8.2%). The incidence of side effects were similar among three groups. Conclusion: The continuous infusion of opioid was more effective and safe method of postoperative pain control than traditional intramuscular injection.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2009.07a
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• pp.951_952
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• 2009

기존의 소듐이나 메탈할라이드 램프는 수명이 짧아 잦은 유지보수가 필요하다. 8~12m정도의 도로조명은 유지보수 중에 사고가 발생할거나 교통의 흐름에 불편을 가져와 이에 대한 대책이 필요하다. LED조명장치는 반도체 특유의 장수명으로 유지보수의 문제에 솔루션을 가지고 있다. 또한 기존의 조명시스템은 단색으로 색온도의 제어가 어려워 기능성조명장치의 구현이 거의 이루어지고 있지 않지만 반도체조명 장치인 LED조명은 다양한 LED칩을 적절히 배치하고 활용함으로서 색온도를 가변시켜 우천시나 안개시에 운전자의 주의를 환기시킬 수 있어 도로안전을 확보할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 백색LED와 오렌지LED를 혼색하여 우천시나 안개시, 즉, 습도의 변동상황에서 색온도를 가변시켜 운전자나 보행자의 시인성을 확보하고 통행의 주의를 환기시켜 기능성조명으로서의 역할을 부여하는 LED가로등조명장치를 구현하여 이에 대한 성능을 실험하였다.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.38 no.2 s.115
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• pp.9-15
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• 2006

Neutral sizing is required for linerboard to solve the troubles in strength and process caused by recycled raw materials. AKD sizing efficiency can be influenced by process condition like white water quality, fines retention and so on. Therefore, this study was aimed to evaluate sizing performance of general and fast cure type AKDs using process water obtained from linerboard mill. To evaluate effect of process water quality on AKD sizing, white water was diluted with tap water at the different dilution ratios and UKP slurry was sized using the prepared water. Also, effects of inorganic and organic ion material on sizing were examined. When white water was used for stock forming, UKP sheet showed very low sizing degree. Sizing degree of sheet was increased with increase of dilution ratio because water quality was improved. Especially anionic organic material had a greater influence on AKD sizing than inorganic material. When white water quality was deteriorated, fast cure type AKD showed superior sizing performance to general type AKD.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.424-427
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• 1993

The chloroform extract of mustard leaves (Brassica juncea Cosson) reduced mutagenicity of $AFB_1$ in bacterial assay (Salmonella typhimurium TA100). 4-Decanol was one of major compounds in the chloroform extract when analyzed by GC-MS on HP-5 capillary column. The authentic compound of 4-decanol dissolved in DMSO (0.5%) inhibited mutagenic activities of $AFB_1$ and MNNG in Salmonella typhimurium TA100 at a rate of 99% and 93%, respectively. This result indicates that 4-decanol is an antimutagenic compound present in chloroform extract of mustard leaves.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Heat Treatment
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.266-278
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• 1995

The high strain-rate dynamic plastic behavior of Fe-X%Mn alloys was investigated. The strain rate did not have an effect when tested under quasi-static strain rates($2{\times}10^{-3}/sec$ and $2{\times}10^{-1}/sec$). However, the true stress increased at all strain levels when the strain rate increased to $6{\times}10^3/sec$. Based on the experimental results, an constitution equation to calculate the dynamic strength for strain rates over $10^4/sec$ was determined. The Fe-5%Mn alloy containing athermal ${\alpha}^{\prime}$ martensite initially did not show work hardening. The work hardening increased with Mn content showing a maximum at 20% Mn. The high work hardening of Fe-20%Mn and Fe-30%Mn alloys appears to be closely related not only to the initial amounts of ${\varepsilon}$ martensite but to the strain induced transformation (${\gamma}{\rightarrow}{\varepsilon}$ and ${\varepsilon}{\rightarrow}{\alpha}^{\prime}$) occurring during each stages of deformation.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2011.05b
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• pp.888-891
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• 2011

원만한 인간관계를 유지하기 위해 대화는 필수적인 요소이며 대화를 할 때 대체로 상대방의 눈이나 입을 주시하게 된다. 사람들은 대화를 할 때 상대방이 무슨 생각을 하는지를 눈빛, 입모양 등을 통해서 직감적으로 파악하는 방법에 의존한다. 그러나 제스처를 취하는 경우는 드물고 눈빛은 보더라도 상대방의 의도를 잘 파악하지 못하는 경우가 대부분이다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 입술 형태를 추출하고 이를 분석하여 5대 성격과의 상관관계를 연구하는 실험을 수행하였다. 이를 위해 측면 얼굴 영상을 입력자료로 사용하여 입술의 형태에 따른 피실험자 집단을 분류하고 5대 성격을 분석하기 위한 표준 설문지를 통해 무표정 상태의 입술 모양에 따른 성격을 파악하는 연구를 수행하였다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.22 no.11
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• pp.1471-1477
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• 2012

Carotenoids produced by non-photosynthetic bacteria protect organisms against lethal photodynamic reactions and scavenge oxygenic radicals. However, the carotenoid produced by Gordonia alkanivorans SKF120101 is coupled to reducing power generation. SKF120101 selectively produces carotenoid under light conditions. The growth yield of SKF120101 cultivated under light conditions was higher than that under dark condition. In the cyclic voltammetry, both upper and lower voltammograms for neutral red (NR) immobilized in intact cells of SKF120101 were not shifted in the condition without external redox sources but were commonly shifted downward by glucose addition and light. Electric current generation in a biofuel cell system (BFCS) catalyzed by harvested cells of SKF120101 was higher under light than dark condition. The ratio of electricity generation to glucose consumption by SKF120101 cultivated in BFCS was higher under light than dark condition. The carotenoid produced by SKF120101 catalyzes production of reducing power from light energy, first evaluated by the electrochemical technique used in this research.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.1365-1369
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• 2013

Recently, the Personal Health Device(PHD) that measures various biometric data easily are highlighted for ensuring portability, scalability and interoperability among the device as well as needs for a standardization of managing information measured by. In this paper, we'd like to propose u-healthcare monitoring system that measure biometric data(Oxygen saturation, Body weight, ECG and Blood pressure) by PHD featured with transferring data into devices such as smartphone using Bluetooth Health Device Profile(HDP) based on the ISO/IEEE 11073.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.1589-1593
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• 2008

하천의 골재는 도로, 항만, 주택건설 등 다양한 건설재료로 이용되어 왔으며 급속한 산업화와 더불어 국가건설사업, 지방자치단체의 수익사업으로 인해 골재 수요가 급격히 증가해 왔다. 그러나 체계적인 조사 및 연구가 없이 무분별하게 행해진 하천준설은 하상저하, 하천의 불안정, 하상의 장갑화 등 물리적 영향뿐만 아니라 주변 하천의 식생, 저서생물의 서식처 등 수서생태계의 파괴, 하천정화능력 저하, 교각의 노출 등 생물적 경제적인 측면에서 악영향을 미치고 있다. 본 연구에서는 하천준설사업이 꾸준히 진행 중에 있는 감천을 연구대상지역으로 선정하여, 1차원 수치모형인 Hec-ras4.0을 이용하여 준설량에 따른 흐름특성 및 교란된 하천의 적응과정을 분석하였다. 지형자료는 수치지도 및 실측자료를 토대로 하여 구축하였으며 장 단기 하상변동을 모의해 비교 분석하였다. 그 결과, 준설구간의 흐름특성은 준설전에 비해 수위가 감소되었고 하상변동은 준설구간의 상류부에서는 하상저하가 발생하였으며 하류부에서는 하상상승이 발생되었다. 본 연구의 결과는 하천준설에 따른 하천환경 및 물리적 영향을 최소화하고, 하천공사 실시와 수공구조물의 설계 및 유지관리 등에도 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Clinical Toxicology
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.147-150
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• 2006

Neurotoxic shellfish poisoning (NSP) can result from eating filter-feeding shellfish carrying brevetoxins produced by the marine dinoflagellate Krenia brevis (formally Gymnodinium breve). Brevetoxins enhance sodium entry into cells via voltage-sensitive sodium channels and have an excitatory effect. The incubation period is three hours (range 15 minutes-18 hours). NSP is characterized by gastroenteritis combined with neurologic symptoms. Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms include abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea and burning pain in the rectum. Neurologic symptoms are paresthesia, reversal of hot and cold temperature sensation, myalgia, headache, vertigo, and ataxia. Other symptoms may include malaise, tremor, dysphagia, bradycardia, decreased reflexes, dilated pupils, seizure, and coma. The health problem caused by K. breviscan be associated with a red tide bloom. We encountered 3 cases of neurotoxic shellfish poisoning. They all presented with GI and neurologic symptoms andrecovered after conservative treatment.