• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.38 no.7
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• pp.103-116
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to find out the psychological characteristics of the unemployed, and their children's negative emotions and behavioral changes in the context of the increasing family dysfunction caused by the IMF economic crisis. The subjects were 184 public labor workers in Busan. They answered the questions about the psychological characteristics of themselves and their children, and their children's behavioral changes. Frequency analysis, $\chi$$^2$ test and logistic regression were used for data analyses. The results were as follows. The unemployed showed high levels of negative emotions and perceived their social supports as low. As well, they interpreted their quality of life as poor. They perceived their economic difficulty as high and the perception was influenced by negative emotions as well as the economic situation. Children of the unemployed showed middle levels of negative emotions, and positive and negative behavioral changes. These changes were influenced by their parent's psychological characteristics. In light of these results, psychological counseling services from social welfare centers are needed to be more actively supporting the families of the unemployed.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.1-24
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• 2015

We estimate the natural rate of Unemployment in Korea, using job finding and separation rates. The estimation results suggest that both job finding and separation rates of Korea have increased after the 1997 Asian Financial Crisis. However, we don't find evidence of significant increase in the trend of the natural rate of unemployment. Overall our finding suggests that both job creation and destruction have increased.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.202-209
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• 2023

This study aims to analyze the correlation between semiconductor innovation and market dominance in the mobility electric vehicle industry. To this end, the study presentsstrategiesthat provide low-price competitiveness along with high-value creation in the electric vehicle and semiconductor markets. The first change in the era of high interest rates is to overcome the crisis of survival for value. Furthermore, the study acknowledges the ongoing second wave of change as the digital technology's value continues to rise, and companies experience decreased productivity due to rising ESG labor costs. The study analyzed price competitiveness in the context of the increased adoption of electric vehicles and the integration of semiconductor prices, proving that Tesla and Samsung Semiconductor have developed technology to dominate the market, with appropriate low-cost strategies applied as the value of innovation declines.

• 한국사회정책
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.233-263
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• 2018

This study sought to identify gender-specific mechanisms of increased suicide rates during economic crises in South Korea. In order to address research aims, we focused on two international economic crises: IMF financial crisis in 1997, and international recession in 2008. This study provides three main findings. First, different mechanisms increased suicide rates during the two economic crises. Particularly, the high level of unemployment raised suicide rates during the 1997 IMF while the high level of working poor in the 2008 recession. Second, suicidal risk patterns for men and women differed at each period. The 1997 crisis which mostly affected full-time permanent workers had had relatively greater impacts on men suicide, whereas the 2008 crisis which affected precarious workers had done on women suicide. Finally, our finding indicated that these gender-specific risk patterns had been derived from the gendered labour market and male-friendly social policy. Placing women at the periphery of the labor market and using them as a buffer in times of crisis, governments failed to protect them from their economic difficulties. Suicide is fundamental and important public health and social problems. These findings suggest that the national suicide prevention strategy should pay attention to the social determinants of suicide through gendered as well as population health perspectives.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.63-70
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• 2010

Purpose: To identify the need to reform in the crisis response of Health Teacher, School Nurse, in elementary school during epidemic outbreak of influenza H1N1. Methods: 139 elementary health teachers, school nurse, in seoul elementary school responded in the questionnaire, and we analysed by using frequency and percent, t-test, and paired t-test. Results: The Job status became 121% more 'during influenza H1N1 (flu) outbreak' than Job status of 'before outbreak'. The proportion of the flu-related duty among their daily workload was up to 77.5%. The administration-related workload of the flu-related duty was 30.8%. and students' health assessment including temperature measurement 18.7%. Furthermore, an impediment of usual daily work due to an increaed flu-related workload was 95.7%, and no alternative plan such as disposition of assistant labor force was 86.1%. Especially, an impediment of health education was 61.0%, so the major concern was the loss of health education. We compared average scores (a five-point Likert scale) of health teachers' work motivation, exhaustion, work relationship and Job management of 'during' with 'before' flu-outbreak. The difference range of 'during' minus 'before' work motivation score was from -0.4 points to -0.9; work exhaustion range from 1.8 to 1.9; the difficulty of relationship between students, school personnel, parents of students, and health teachers from 1.4 points to 1.3 points; and the consideration of changing Job, taking time off from the Job and retirement from 1.4 to 1.6 points. Conclusion: The health teachers had a heavy workload due to flu-outbreak. They also experienced the impediment of usual work implementation. However, there was a shortage of alternative plan such as disposition of an assistant labor force. Under their Job status like this, the health teachers' motivation score was decreased and work exhaustion was increased. Furthermore, they had a lot of relation difficulty with students and school personnel. Therefore, we suggested that in contrast to the usual Job status, there is a need to have a prepared response during school crisis like flu-outbreak such as improved response system in seoul metropolitan education office, simplification or dispersion of administrative work, and temporary call-center for simple inquiries or advices.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.77-100
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• 2011

The Korean economy have experienced the remarkable decreases in factor prices such as bond yields, real wage since the IMF foreign exchange crisis. This paper investigates the effects of the price changes in the factor markets on determining the level and cyclicality of industrial markups in the manufacturing industry. For this purpose, we construct a markup equation in the small open economy based on the production function including foreign intermediate goods and assuming constant returns to scale technology and AR(1) process of technological coefficient. Empirical results are summarized as the followings. The empirical results shows that the increased markups after the IMF crisis can be explained by the price decreases in the factor markets which result in lowering marginal costs. And we also observed counter cyclicality of markup, labor share and interest rates while real wages, technical coefficients, and production price index proved to be pro-cyclical. In conclusion, the price changes in factor market have contributed to the stickiness in markup fluctuation in the manufacturing industry.

• 한국노년학
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.325-345
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is a exploratory study for understanding the process of the social isolation of the socially isolated elderly through the approach to their life history. The research was analyzed by one of the methods of qualitative research on life history, the conceptual framework of 'Dimensions, turning, and adaptation' of Mandelbaum(1973). According to the results of this study, the socially isolated elderly people were found to be socially isolated by experiencing complex difficulties such as family disconnection, poverty, poor job and health deterioration. Specifically, in the area of life, there was experience of poor relationship with parent, absence of family, poverty of family and unfavorable relationship with surrounding people in life with original family before isolation. They had bad jobs in the labor market, such as hard labor, delivery, business, and chores. In the area of turning point, we experienced family break due to the separation of the original family and the spouse due to various reasons such as financial crisis, parental divorce and death, spouse affair, economic difficulty. In a transitional stage in the life, many reasons such as the financial crisis, the death of parents, the extramarital affair and economic difficulties led to the disconnection from their original family and their spouses. In an adaptive phase, participants accepted the changed life at each turning point in their lives, carrying out their roles, compromising and trying to adapt properly. He said that their current life, which has entered the social safety net system of the people's basic recipients, has led him to live a more stable life and is adapting to personal hobbies and vicarious satisfaction through networks. This result is somewhat different from previous studies in which isolated elderly people were severely exposed to the risk of depression and loneliness. However, we should also consider the characteristics of this study that interviewed elderly people with relatively low isolation. Based on the results of this research, he presented various practical policy implications.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.121-161
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• 1999

1997년 11월 대외지불 불능사태로 시작된 외환위기가 경제위기로 확산되면서 97년 4/4분기에는 2.5%에 불과하던 전북지역의 실업률은 99년 2월 8.4%로 피크를 이루었으나 그후로는 감소추세를 보이고 있다. 그렇지만 전북지역 노동시장의 전반적 고용동향을 살펴보면 실업률 통계로는 파악되지 않지만 실질적으로 준실업상태에 있는 실망노동자와 불완전취업자의 증가가 심각한 것으로 드러났다. 그리고 산업별 취업자 구조의 변화를 살펴보면 제조업과 건설업의 취업자 감소가 두드러졌으며, 농업부문이나 생계형 서비스업은 실업대란 시대에 완충역할을 해줄 것이라는 기대와는 달리 고용흡수력이 예상보다 훨씬 적은 것으로 드러났다. 취업과 실업 및 비경제활동 사이의 노동력 전이률을 살펴보면 남성과 핵심연령층에서는 취업정착률이 높지만 일단 실업자가 되면 실업으로부터의 탈출률이 낮은 것으로 드러났다. 반면에 여성의 경우에는 실망노동자(discouraged sorkers)효과로 인하여 실업률은 낮고 비경제활동으로의 이동이 크게 나타났다. 그리고 실업이나 비경활상태로부터의 (재)취업시에는 압도적으로 임시고/일고로의 취업이 많아서 98년 하반기 이후 전북지역에서 창출된 일자리가 주로 임시고/일고 위주로 이루어져 있음을 극명하게 보여준다. 한편 여성실업자의 경우 50%이상이 생계주책임자이며, 특히 여성가장 실업자의 경우에는 90%이상이 생계책임자이나 그들 대부분이 빈곤선이하에서 생활하고 있다. 그리고 전북지역에서는 전국수준에 비해서 장기실업률이 다소 높게 나타났다. 저학력층과 고령층, 생산직, 임시고일고등의 비정규직 실업자들의 구직기간이 긴 것으로 나타났다. 실업이 장기화되면 전반적으로 기간의존성효과(duration dependence effect)나 이질성효과(heterogeneity effect)로 인하여 재취업의 가능성은 더욱 떨어진다. 생산적복지(workfare)가 그 이름에 값하는 것이기 위해서는 시장경쟁력이 약한 취약계층에 대해서 직업훈련과 취업알선 및 채용장려, 공공근로 등의 제반 정책들이 가구되어야 할 것이다.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.78
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• pp.177-205
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• 2016

This study set out to investigate the reality of local press and changes to the occupational identity of reporters through the job mobility of reporters at local newspapers. The study examined what reasons the reporters had when they retired from one of three paper newspapers in Daejeon, where they moved to, and how their career mobility was. Some of them remained in the field of journalism including paper newspapers of the same kind and Internet newspapers, and others moved to various areas including politics, administration, academy, economy, and culture and art. The biggest number of them said they left their old paper newspapers because of poor wages and welfare benefits and absence of future visions. Their decision of leaving their old paper newspapers was also influenced by restructuring, restrictions to coverage and reporting, and great workload. Before the IMF foreign currency crisis in 1997, the press labor market was a typical internal labor market with the practitioners joining a newspaper in open recruitment and climbing up the promotion ladder from a common reporter through Deputy Head and Head of a department to Director of a bureau. The emergence of new media and the financial difficulties of newspaper corporations were currently making the internal labor market worse. Reporters made active use of social capital such as regionalism, alumni ties, and news beats rather than changing jobs by increasing their professionalism through self-development, thus causing side effects including the weakened supervision and criticism functions of local newspapers and damaging their occupational identity as reporters.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.83-100
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• 2005

The Seoul Metropolitan Area's economy has undergone structural changes since the 1990s. With recent structural changes in the Korean economy in mind, this paper employs a decomposition analysis of Gross Regional Domestic Product per head and labor productivity to examine how the region's economic performance has changed relative to that of Korea since the 1900s. There are some findings. First, a strong cumulative causation process, derived from industrial linkages and agglomeration effects, has oocurred in the Seoul Metropolitan Area, widening economic disparities between the Seoul Metropolitan Area and the other regions especially since the Korean financial crisis in 1997 mainly due to Gyeonggi province's overwhelming cumulative GRDP growth relative to the national average. Second, the Seoul Metropolitan Area has begun w display good economic performance in terms of labour productivity relative w the national average since the late 1990s, with the region's industrial upgrading being implemented. Finally, manufacturing, financial intermediation and communications have made sensitive contributions to relative Seoul Metropolitan Area's labor productivity growth.