• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.385-393
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• 2022

In the study of the mechanism of labor motivation as a determinant of economic security of the enterprise in competitive conditions, it was found that motivation is determinant in creating the conditions for production and ensuring the active functioning of the enterprise. It is substantiated that the motivational mechanism is the presence of a system of levers, incentives, measures and other elements for economic and administrative incentives for employees, which are used for incentives to work, increase productivity and safety, and more. The motivational mechanism plays an important role in ensuring the economic security of the enterprise and at the same time is a lever to increase competitiveness in the market. The functions of the mechanism of labor motivation are singled out, among which: explanatory-substantiating, regulative, communicative, socialization, regulating. The stages of occurrence of the motive for the employee are classified. The interrelation of motives and incentives in the mechanism of labor motivation as determinants of economic security of the enterprise in competitive conditions is proved. It is proved that the mechanism of labor motivation as a determinant of economic security of the enterprise in competitive conditions should be aimed at: assistance in forming and achieving goals and objectives of the enterprise and achieving balance and equilibrium of economic goals and social responsibility of the enterprise; ensuring close cooperation between management and employees of the enterprise; focus on building a flexible mechanism; transition to a democratic style of governance and involvement of employees in decision-making.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.137-163
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• 2011

The objective of this study is to examine the trend of real earnings for TANF leavers. Using administrative data in Wisconsin, this study tracks the 1998 TANF leavers over 7 years. Based on the cyclicality of real wage hypothesis, this study finds: First, although the average real quarterly earnings of TANF leavers have remained stable since their exits, there are substantial labor mobility among TANF leavers. Second, the panel data analysis shows that the real earnings of TANF leavers are significantly associated with local labor market conditions, which supports the hypothesis on the cyclicality of real wages. This study has policy implications that labor market conditions matter for the economic well-being of TANF leavers and the labor demand policies are needed for the economic security of TANF leavers after the exit.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.161-173
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• 1998

This study investigates why the Married Female Production Workers(MFPW) participate in their work and what is work load they take. This study uses an ecosystems approaches in order to explain the labor participation of the MFPW and their work load. MFPW participate in their work because of the labor markets need and economic need of their household rather than their personal choice. Due to the long working hours, low wage and bad labor conditions of MFPW's job, they suffer more severe work load both at the fob and at home than any other occupational groups.

• Iberoamérica
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.73-109
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• 2020

In the tourism industry, emotional labor-related problems are highly likely because workers cannot avoid frequent face-to-face contacts with customers. Emotional labor, however, is not always recognized in the same pattern by every worker in similar situations. As can be see in this research, emotional labor appears to vary depending on individual characteristics and sociocultural and economic conditions. In fact, there are so many factors affecting emotional labor, and the level of influence concerning these factors can vary depending on when and where they are. Psychological and mental pains and stress from emotional labor depend on a number of factors. The expression of emotional labor, depending on age, length of employment and gender, shows a clear difference. In particular, for those who are planning to participate in international labor migration to the United States in the future, emotional labor was often not recognized as a serious problem or rather a positive social and cultural experience. In fact, there are various types of tourism workers in Oaxaca, and their experiences vary greatly depending on individual and economic and sociocultural environments. The emotional labor of the workers in the tourism sector of Oaxaca also has various forms depending on various conditions. Positive or negative perceptions and consequences of emotional labor vary depending on the circumstances of the individual and working conditions. In other words, socioeconomic conditions, individual personality or experiences, sociocultural characteristics, and autonomy in the workplace, have a significant impact. As a result, the forms and effects of emotional labor expressed and understood by tourism workers vary considerably and may vary depending on the situations. Considering these problems, the way emotional labor emerges is greatly influenced by sociocultural or personal factors as well as economic factors. In addition, rather than considering the existence and seriousness of emotional labor as given depending on the nature of a particular industry or work, it should also be recognized that the expression of emotional labor differ considerably from individual to individual. Also, the seriousness of problems caused by emotional labor can be diversified. In this sense, it is necessary to clearly understand the meanings of the dynamism, diversity and multidimensionality of emotional labor from a new perspective.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.180-195
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• 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to summarize the current evidence on the effects of nonpharmacological interventions on psychological health outcomes for women with high-risk pregnancies due to conditions such as preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, or preterm labor. Methods: The following databases were searched from January 2000 to December 2020: PubMed, Ovid Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, DBpia, RISS, and KISS. Two investigators independently reviewed and selected articles according to the inclusion/exclusion criteria. RoB 2 and the ROBINS-I checklist were used to evaluate study quality. Results: Twenty-nine studies with a combined total of 1,806 pregnant women were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychological health improvements were found in women with preeclampsia (Hedges' g=-0.67; 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.91 to -0.44), gestational diabetes (Hedges' g=-0.38; 95% CI, -0.54 to -0.12), and preterm labor (Hedges' g=-0.73; 95% CI, -1.00 to -0.46). The funnel plot was slightly asymmetrical, but the fail-safe N value and the trim-and-fill method showed no publication bias. Conclusion: Nonpharmacological interventions for women with high-risk pregnancies due to conditions such as preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, and preterm labor can improve psychological parameters such as anxiety, stress, and depression. Nurses can play a pivotal role in the nursing management of pregnant women with high-risk conditions and apply various types of nonpharmacological interventions to meet their needs in uncertain and anxious times during pregnancy.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.266-277
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• 2003

In order to investigate the working conditions related to cumulative trauma disorder(CTD) and symptoms of CTD, a survey was conducted covering 305 employees who were working in three furniture manufacturing companies in Kyungin area. Data were collected by using questionnaire of the Personal Ergonomics Profiles. The results were as follows : 1. The mean score of working conditions related to CTD was 0.95. The mean score of working conditions for labor workers were significantly higher than that of clerical workers. Among 4 factors of working conditions, the higher score were shown in the working and environment factors with 1.22 and 1.18, respectively. 2. Symptom prevalence rate of CTD for workers was $81.0\%\;{;}\;82.9\%$ for labor workers and $77.0\%$ for clerical workers. As for symptom of CTD in body part, higher rate were shown in lower back with $50.2\%$, shoulder and neck with $38.4\%\;and\;36.4\%$ respectively. 3. The score of symptom severity of CTD were 3.45. Significant difference was shown in symptom severity of forearm and wrist/hand part between labor and clerical workers. As for symptom severity of CTD in body part the higher score were shown in shoulder, ankle/foot, forearm. lower leg and elbow. and the highest score for labor workers were shoulder and ankle/foot and for clerical workers was lower back. 4. As a whole, symptom of CTD for workers positively correlated to working conditions. 5. Symptom of CTD for workers seemed to be significantly influenced by working factor, sex, working duration and working area factor.

• Asian Journal of Business Environment
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.11-20
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• 2019

Purpose - The study aims to substantiate the approaches and principles of forming a model of social and labor relations adequate to the modern conditions of economic development. Research design, data, and methodology - The article deals with the issues of legal regulation of social and labor relations in the labor market of Kazakhstan; describes the current model of labor relations and its basic parameters; determines the external and internal factors; specifically, the influence of the new labor law on its further development in the direction of democratization and the establishment of social partnership as a regulatory institution in the labor relations field. Result - Result is the model of the system of social and labor relations proposed by the author, which allows us to cover the multifaceted nature of this phenomenon, to unite the influence of the external environment and the internal complex of their mutual relations and interdependencies. Conclusion - The creation of an effective model of social and labor relations should proceed from the multifaceted nature of their manifestation. This means that the theoretical and methodological basis for their formation should be a comprehensive approach to solving the problems of transformation and interaction of social and economic components.

• Journal of Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.37-43
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• 2011

Labor productivity is a significant factor associated with controlling time, cost, and quality. Many researchers have developed models to define methods of measuring the relationship between productivity and various parameters such as the size of working area, maximum working hours, and the crew composition. Most of the previous research has focused on estimating productivity; however, this research concentrates on estimating labor productivity and developing time and cost data for repetitive concrete pouring activity. In Korea, "Standard Estimating" only entails the average productivity data of the construction industry, and it is difficult to predict the time and cost spent on any particular project. As a result, errors occur in estimating duration and cost for individual activities or projects. To address these issues, this research sought to collect data, measure productivity, and develop time and cost data using labor productivity based on field conditions from the collected data. A probabilistic approach is also proposed to develop data. A case study is performed to validate this process using actual data collected from construction sites. It is possible that the result will be used as the EVMS baseline of cost management and schedule management.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.257-262
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• 2014

Risk information may be one of the most important factor for worker's safe behavior because that safe behavior can be oriented by attitude based on risk information. Traditionally KAP(knowledge, attitude and practice) model was useful frame for the change of human behavior. Knowledge is formed by information through experience and education. Worker's health may be prevented by his or her own active safe behavior based on risk information. This paper is to investigate the effect of labor union on the provirion of risk information by labor union. Data for analysis is the third Korean Working Conditions Survey done by Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute in 2011. The sample size is 50,032 economic active person surveyed by household interview survey with structure questionnaire by trained interviewer. The difference of risk information provision among employees was tested by mean difference test. The level of risk information of employees of companies with labor union is higher than that with non labour union. This paper has some implication for the promotion of safe behavior of employees through risk information provision mediated by labor union. Some limitation of this study may be considered because of using the cross sectional survey data.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.61-81
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate the policy demands of the family sector for work-family balance, with a focus on the child care and household labor provisions. For empirical analysis, data were collected from 197 dual-income families with at least one young child under age 10 in the metropolitan area via self-administered questionnaires. The major findings of this study were as follows. First, child care provisions for working mothers and fathers were insufficient and unfair, and the ratio of child care provisions offered by familial child care network was high. The characteristics of child care provisions for working parents were associated with family structure, working conditions, and demographic variables. Second, household labor provisions for working mothers and fathers were also insufficient and unfair, and the ratio of socialization was high. Third, the level of family satisfaction varied by the level of child care and household labor provisions, respectively, controlling family structure, working conditions, and demographic variables. The empirical results of the study provided policy implications for work-family balance.