• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.427-436
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• 1999

This paper describes an ECG signal labeling algorithm based on fuzzy clustering, which is very useful to the automated ECG diagnosis. The existing labeling methods compares the crosscorrelations of each wave form using IF-THEN binary logic, which tends to recognize the same wave forms such as different things when the wave forms have a little morphological variation. To prevent this error, we have proposed as ECG signal labeling algorithm using fuzzy clustering. The center and the membership function of a cluster is calculated by a cluster validity function. The dominant cluster type is determined by RR interval, and the representative beat of each cluster is determined by MF (Membership Function). The problem of IF-THEN binary logic is solved by FCM (Fuzzy C-Means). The MF and the result of FCM can be effectively used in the automated fuzzy inference -ECG diagnosis.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.537-542
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• 2022

This study was conducted to provide basic data on the amount of sodium and the setting of permissible error range of actual measurement, which is a problem for cabbage kimchi nutrients subject to labeling. The sample targeted was baechu (Kimchi cabbage) kimchi, which might have a large variation in sodium content by part of kimchi. Kimchi samples were collected twice from eight companies by season (spring, summer, fall, and winter). The average sodium content in kimchi samples was 619±87 mg/100 g (range, 534±63 mg/100 g to 783±40 mg/100 g). The error in average annual sodium content of abandonment kimchi (maximum value difference compared to the minimum value) was 26.8 to 64.3%. Sodium contents in kimchi produced in spring and summer were relatively low. However, deviation between individuals was large. It was found that cases exceeding the permissible error (120%) standard varied depending on the criteria for setting the amount of sodium. In addition, due to seasonal differences, sodium content in kimchi exceeded 120% of the labeling value. Thus, it is necessary to set standards suitable for characteristics of kimchi to prevent unintentional violations of labeling standards by raw materials and manufacturing processes.

• 월간포장계
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• 통권211호
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• pp.72-77
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• 2010

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제3권5호
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• pp.497-502
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• 1997

In this study an automatic rolling-coil labeling system using robot vision system and peripheral mechanism is proposed and implemented, which instead of the manual labor to attach labels Rolling-coils in a steel mill. The binary image process for the image processing is performed with the threshold, and the contour line is converted to the binary gradient which detects the discontinuous variation of brightness of rolling-coils. The moments invariant algorithm proposed by Hu is used to make it easy to recognize even when the position of the center are different from the trained data. The position error compensation algorithm of six degrees of freedom industrial robot manipulator is also developed and the data of the position of the center rolling-coils, which is obtained by floor mount camera, are transferred by asynchronous communication method. Therefore, even if the position of center is changed, robot moves to the position of center and performs the labeling work successfully. Therefore, this system can be improved the safety and efficiency.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.234-332
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• 2001

프랙탈 영상 부호화의 새로운 응용 분야인 프랙탈 영역 분할법의 YST방법은 주기점에 의한 라벨 붙이기와 프랙탈 변환에 의한 라벨 수정을 병용한 영역 분할법을 제안하였다. 그러나 이 개선법은 영역 분할의 질적인 개선은 가능하였으나, 여전히 라벨 붙이기와 라벨 수정의 과정에서 중복성이 남아 있다. 이 문제점의 해결방안으로 본 논문에서는 궤도에 따른 라벨 붙이기와 프랙탈 변환의 반복 과정에 관한 제약 조건을 제안한다.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제22권7호
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• pp.1194-1202
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• 2021

Objective: To investigate the age-dependent changes in regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) in healthy adults by fitting mathematical models to imaging data. Materials and Methods: In this prospective study, 90 healthy adults underwent pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling imaging of the brain. Regional CBF values were extracted from the arterial spin labeling images of each subject. Multivariable regression with the Akaike information criterion, link test, and F test (Ramsey's regression equation specification error test) was performed for 7 models in every brain region to determine the best mathematical model for fitting the relationship between CBF and age. Results: Of all 87 brain regions, 68 brain regions were best fitted by cubic models, 9 brain regions were best fitted by quadratic models, and 10 brain regions were best fitted by linear models. In most brain regions (global gray matter and the other 65 brain regions), CBF decreased nonlinearly with aging, and the rate of CBF reduction decreased with aging, gradually approaching 0 after approximately 60. CBF in some regions of the frontal, parietal, and occipital lobes increased nonlinearly with aging before age 30, approximately, and decreased nonlinearly with aging for the rest of life. Conclusion: In adults, the age-related perfusion patterns in most brain regions were best fitted by the cubic models, and age-dependent CBF changes were nonlinear.

• 산업융합연구
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.177-183
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• 2024

본 연구는 데이터의 품질이 인공지능(AI) 성능에 미치는 영향을 검토한다. 이를 위해, 데이터 특성변수(Feature)의 유사도와 클래스(Class) 구성의 불균형을 고려한 모의실험(Simulation)을 통해 라벨링 오류 수준이 인공지능의 성능에 미치는 영향을 비교 분석하였다. 그 결과, 특성변수 간 유사성이 높은 데이터에서는 특성 변수 간 유사성이 낮은 데이터에 비해 라벨링 정확도에 더 민감하게 반응하였으며, 클래스 불균형이 증가함에 따라 인공지능 정확도가 급격히 감소되는 경향을 관찰하였다. 이는 인공지능 학습데이터의 품질평가 기준 및 관련 연구를 위한 기초자료가 될 것이다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1996년도 하계학술대회 논문집 B
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• pp.1266-1268
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• 1996

In this study an automatic roiling-coli labeling system using robot vision system and peripheral mechanism is proposed and implemented, which instead of the manual labor to attach labels Rolling-coils in a steel miil. The binary image process for the image processing is performed with the threshold, and the contour line is converted to the binary gradient which detects the discontinuous variation of brightness of rolling-coils. The moment invariants algorithm proposed by Hu is used to make it easy to recognize even when the position of the center are different from the trained data. The position error compensation algorithm of six degrees of freedom industrial robot manipulator is also developed and the data of the position of the center rolling-coils, which is obtained by floor mount camera, are transfered by asynchronous communication method. Therefore even if the position of center is changed, robot moves to the position of center and performs the labeling work successfully. Therefore, this system can be improved the safety and efficiency.

• 대한임베디드공학회논문지
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.151-157
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• 2008

In this paper, we propose a three dimensional distance measurement method for a stereo system by using web cams. Using a parallel stereo system, a robot gets two images from each webcam and equalize brightness of both images. And we suggest an image processing method such as labeling, isolating an object from background and finding center of an object. We also propose a method of calculating the focal distance by using least square algorithm based on triangulation and we can reduce calculation error by this method. From experimental results, we show that the proposed method can be effective for 3D distance measurement.

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.90-100
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 기존 지점 및 구간 검지체계의 한계를 극복하기 위한 방편으로 드론 촬영영상을 활용하여 차량을 검지 및 레이블링 하고 이를 기반으로 도심부 간선도로상 차간간격을 산정하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 드론 영상 데이터 획득 시 적정 시간대, 위치, 고도를 선정하기 위하여 여러 조건하에서 촬영을 실시하여 최종 영상 데이터를 획득하였다. 다양한 영상분석기법 중 혼합 Gaussian, 영상 이진화, 모폴로지 기법을 적용시켜 차량을 검지하였고 칼만 필터를 적용하여 차량을 레이블링 하였다. 레이블링율 분석 결과 실제 차량 수 285대 중 185대를 검지함으로써 차량 레이블링율은 65%로 나타나는 것을 확인하였다. 차간간격은 픽셀 단위화를 통해 산정하였으며, 결과는 다음 지도와의 비교 분석을 통해 검증을 수행하였다. 검증 결과 차간간격 오차가 모두 5m 미만으로 나타났으며 평균 오차는 선행차량과의 차간간격은 1.67m, 후행차량과의 차간간격은 1.1m로 분석되었다. 본 연구에서 산출된 차간간격은 도심부 도로의 밀도, 서비스 수준 판단 기준 설정 등으로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.