• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.54-62
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• 2019

Cis-3-O-p-hydroxycinnamoyl ursolic acid (HCUA), a triterpenoid compound, was purified from Elaeagnus oldhamii Maxim. This traditional medicinal plant has been used for treating rheumatoid arthritis and lung disorders as well as for its anti-inflammation and anticancer activities. This study aimed to investigate the anti-proliferative and apoptotic-inducing activities of HCUA in oral cancer cells. HCUA exhibited anti-proliferative activity in oral cancer cell lines (Ca9-22 and SAS cells), but not in normal oral fibroblasts. The inhibitory concentration of HCUA that resulted in 50% viability was $24.0{\mu}M$ and $17.8{\mu}M$ for Ca9-22 and SAS cells, respectively. Moreover, HCUA increased the number of cells in the sub-G1 arrest phase and apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner in both oral cancer cell lines, but not in normal oral fibroblasts. Importantly, HCUA induced p53-mediated transcriptional regulation of pro-apoptotic proteins (Bax, Bak, Bim, Noxa, and PUMA), which are associated with mitochondrial apoptosis in oral cancer cells via the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. HCUA triggered the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) that was ascertained to be involved in HCUA-induced apoptosis by the ROS inhibitors YCG063 and N-acetyl-L-cysteine. As a result, HCUA had potential antitumor activity to oral cancer cells through eliciting ROS-dependent and p53-mediated mitochondrial apoptosis. Overall, HCUA could be applicable for the development of anticancer agents against human oral cancer.

• 식물분류학회지
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.331-356
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• 2018

전라남도 순천시에 위치한 조계산의 관속식물상을 조사하고 분포가 확인된 주요식물에 대해 논의하였다. 2013년 4월부터 2017년 8월까지 총 16회(20일)에 걸친 현지조사에서 확보된 표본과 전남대 생물학과 표본실(CNU)의 수장표본에 근거하여 관속식물목록을 작성하였다. 조계산에서 115과 334속 521종 8아종 45변종 4품종 총 578분류군을 확인하였다. 한국특산식물로는 지리대사초, 매미꽃, 노각나무 등 18분류군으로 조사되었고 환경부지정식물구계학적 특정식물종으로는 진퍼리잔대를 비롯한 V등급종 2분류군, 제주지네고사리, 털조장나무, 천마, 히어리 등 IV등급종 6분류군, III등급종인 약난초 등 16분류군, II등급종으로 금붓꽃 등 25분류군, I등급종으로 사다리고사리 등 30분류군이 확인되었다.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.117-117
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• 2020

• 한국간담췌외과학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.437-442
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• 2023

Emergency pancreaticoduodenectomy (EPD) is a rarely performed operation. It is important to know the indications and outcomes of EPD to have a better understanding of its application in clinical practice. A review of eight consecutive cases of EPD was done. Between January 2003 and December 2021, 8 out of 370 patients (2.2%) in a single center received pancreaticoduodenectomy as emergency. There were six males and two females with a median age of 45.5 years. The indications were trauma in three patients, bleeding tumors in two patients, and one patient each in obstructing duodenal tumor, postoperative complication and post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) complication. The median operative time and blood loss were 427.5 minutes and 1,825 mL, respectively. There was no operative mortality. Seven patients (87.5%) had postoperative complications. Three patients (37.5%) developed postoperative grade B pancreatic fistula. The median postoperative hospital stay was 23.5 days. Five patients were still alive while three patients survived for 13, 31, and 42 months after the operation. The causes of death were recurrent tumors in two patients, and sepsis in one patient. According to this case series, EPD is associated with increased morbidity and pancreatic fistula, but is still deserved in life-threatening situations and long-term survival is possible after EPD.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.149-162
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• 2008

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of hot pepper extract and capsaicin on the adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells, lipolysis in rat epididymal adipocytes and histological changes in porcine adipose tissue. Methods : Inhibiton of preadipocyte differentiation and/or stimulation of lipolysis play important roles in reducing obesity. 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were differentiated with adipogenic reagents by incubating for 3 days in the absence or presence of hot pepper extract or capsaicin ranging from 0.01 to $1mg/m{\ell}$. The effects of hot pepper extract and capsaicin on adipogenesis were examined by measuring GPDH activity and by Oil Red O staining. Mature adipocytes from rat epididymal fat pad was incubated with hot pepper extract or capsaicin ranging from 0.01 to $1mg/m{\ell}$ for 3 hrs. The effects of hot pepper extract and capsaicin on lipolysis were examined by measuring free glycerol released. Fat tissue from pig skin was injected with hot pepper extract or capsaicinCFP ranging from 0.1 to $10mg/m{\ell}$ to examine the effects of hot pepper extract and capsaicin on histological changes under light microscopy. Results : The following results were obtained from present study on adipogenesis of preadipocytes, lipolysis of adipocytes and histological changes in fat tissue. 1. Hot pepper extract and capsaicin inhibited adipogenic differentiation at the concentration of 0.1 and $0.01mg/m{\ell}$, respectively, indicating that capsaicin was more effective in inhibiting adipogenesis than hot pepper extract. 2. Hot pepper extract and capsaicin decreased the activity of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase(GPDH) at the concentration of 0.1 and $0.01mg/m{\ell}$, respectively, indicating that capsaicin was more effective in inhibiting adipogenic differentiation than hot pepper extract. 3. Hot pepper extract and capsaicin increased glycerol release at the concentration of $0.1mg/m{\ell}$. There was no difference in lipolytic activity between hot pepper extract and capsaicin at the corresponding concentration. 4. Hot pepper extract and capsaicin caused shrinkage of fat cells, resulting in cell death at the concentration of $1.0mg/m{\ell}$, although capsaicin exerted this action over wide area than hot pepper extract. Conclusions : These results suggest that hot pepper extract and capsaicin efficiently inhibited adipogenesis, increased lipolysis of adipocytes and caused to shrink fat cells. Future studies are needed to make use of hot pepper extract pharmacopuncture for the treatment of obesity.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.1187-1191
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• 2016

Background: The prevalence of prostate cancer (PCa) has been increasing in recent years. Treatment strategies are largely based on the results of bone scan screening. Therefore, our aim was to investigate predictors of positive bone metastasis in newly diagnosed PCa patients. Materials and Methods: After extensive review, 336 consecutive patients newly diagnosed with PCa between April 2010 and November 2013 at our institution were enlisted in the study. Patients were divided into two groups according to bone scan results. Univariate analyses (Chi-square test for discrete variables and independent t-test for continuous variables) were applied to determine the potentially significant risk factors associated with distant bone metastasis. Binary logistic regression analyses were used to further investigate the influence of these factors on bone metastasis. Results: The patient mean age was $71.9{\pm}8.6years$ (range: 48 to 94 years). The mean prostate specific antigen (PSA) level and biopsy Gleason score were $260.2{\pm}1107.8ng/mL$ and $7.4{\pm}1.5$, respectively. The body mass index (BMI) for the series was $24.5{\pm}3.4kg/m^2$. Sixty-four patients (19.0%) had a positive bone scan result. Patients with positive bone scan results had a significantly lower BMI ($23.3{\pm}3.5$ vs. $24.8{\pm}3.3$; p=0.003), a higher Gleason score ($8.5{\pm}1.1$ vs. $7.1{\pm}1.5$; p < 0.001), and a higher PSA level ($1071.3{\pm}2337.1$ vs. $69.4{\pm}235.5$; p < 0.001) than those without bone metastasis. Multivariate logistic regression analysis employing the above independent predictors demonstrated that a Gleason score of ${\geq}7$, clinical stage ${\geq}T3$, $BMI{\leq}22kg/m^2$, and an initial PSA level of ${\geq}20ng/mL$ were all independent predictors of bone metastasis. Conclusions: A bone scan might be necessary in newly diagnosed PCa patients with any of the following criteria: clinical stage T3 or higher, a Gleason score of 7 or higher, BMI equal to or less than 22, and a PSA level of 20 or higher.

• 식물분류학회지
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.163-171
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• 2018

한국산 금털고사리속(Hypodematium)은 오랫동안 금털고사리(H. glanduloso-pilosum) 1종으로 알려져 왔으나 최근 미기록종 흰금털고사리(H. squamuloso-pilosum)가 영월에서 그리고 신종 가는잎금털고사리(H. angustifolium)가 옥천에서 보고되었다. 금털고사리속 내 종을 구분하는 형질은 흔히 잎몸의 세열 정도, 털과 샘털의 유무, 잎자루 기부에 비늘조각의 모양 등으로 보고되어 있다. 제주도를 제외한 전국에서 석회암지대나 바위틈에 자생하는 금털고사리는 잎의 세열 정도, 포자낭군과 포막의 위치, 털의 분포와 크기 등에 큰 변이를 나타낸다. 이러한 변이는 금털고사리를 속 내 다른 분류군과 구분하는 데 어려움을 초래하고 있다. 따라서 국내 전국적으로 분포하는 금털고사리와 근연종의 형태학적 형질 및 분자적 분석(rbcL and psbA-trnH)을 통하여 금털고사리속 식물의 분류학적 및 계통분류학적 관계를 검토하고자 하였다. 그 결과 형태 형질 변이의 폭이 커서 전국적으로 조사했던 금털고사리는 잎자루와 포막의 다세포성 털과 막대모양의 선모를 밀집하는 형질과 땅속줄기와 잎자루 기부 비늘조각의 형태가 피침형 또는 긴타원상 피침형인 특성으로 가는잎금털고사리 또는 흰금털고사리와 뚜렷이 구별되었다. 두 구간의 cpDNA 염기서열 데이터 분석결과에서는 한국 자생 3종을 Glanduloso-pilosum clade로 묶였다. 아울러 중국과 한국에 분포하는 흰금털고사리, 한국에 분포하는 가는잎금털고사리, 그 외 중국과 일본에 분포하는 H. fordii 는 중국, 한국, 일본에 분포하는 그룹에 묶였다.

• International Journal of Quality Innovation
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.123-155
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• 2007

This research treated the secondary school teachers as the research scale and the research targets included the following: secondary school (employ unit), center of teacher education, and qualified teachers. In terms of these three groups of people, the topics of exploration focused on the perception of suitable teachers, perception of evaluation standard during the process of teacher examination and the relationship among teacher examination systems. The research was managed by two phases: the first phase referred to literature reorganization, expert interview, the qualities and conditions of suitable teachers, important evaluation standard during the process of teacher examination and teacher examination system used; the second phase included questionnaire survey, employ school acquisition, the perception of centers of teacher education and qualified teachers toward the suitability condition and examination evaluation standard in the first phase and teacher examination system used. This research found out that as to the perception of suitable teachers, through data collection, there were six factors reorganized. The levels of their importance were as follows: education devotion, teaching capacity, class management, capacity to guide special students, capacity to communicate with the parents and the will to undertake administrative works. Noticeably, employee unit and centers of teacher education apparently valued class management more, compared with trained teachers; as to evaluation standard of examination, the analytical result found out that the perception of three groups were different in terms of the views toward educational works, written examination data, candidate's age, club experience at school and capacity to use multimedia support teaching materials. This research further proposed six suggestions for centers of teacher education and trained teachers: (l) employ schools considerably valued educational devotion; (2) trained teachers tended to neglect the importance of class management; (3) employee unit considerably cared about the new teachers' competence to use multimedia support teaching materials; however, trained teachers did not have the same view; (4) employee unit considerably cared about new teachers' views toward educational works as well as the candidates' ages; (5) generally speaking, trained teachers neglected the importance of club experience at school; (6) the data revealed that written examination data was not relatively important in terms of teacher examination.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.109-115
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• 2011

본 실험에서는 차광 및 시비처리에 따른 여러 양치류의 생육반응을 구명하여 양치류의 효율적인 재배관리를 위한 광도 및 영양관리에 대한 기초자료를 제시하고자 하였다. 상록성 양치류인 참지네고사리, 도깨비고비, 선바위고사리 등은 차광수준 30~60%에서 생육이 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 이들은 시비량이 많을 수록 생육이 좋아졌으며, 식물의 생육 및 생존율은 전 처리구에서 유지되었다. 이들은 적합한 차광수준에서 시비할 경우 식물의 관상가치가 높아지고(엽색 변화)생육도 향상되었다. 하록성 양치류인 설설고사리는 차광수준 30~60%, 참새발고사리는 60%, 그리고 개고사리는 0~30%에서 생육이 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 이들은 시비에 의한 효과는 부분적으로 보였으나, 일부차광 처리구에서는 시비함에 따라 생존율이 감소하였다. 또한 이들은 모든 처리구에서 생장량도 감소하는 경향을 보여, 생육관리가 쉽지 않은 식물로 판단되었다. 시비 및 광도에 따른 상록성 및 하록성 양치류의 생육반응에 차이를 보였다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제85권1호
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• pp.96-106
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• 1996

루브라 오리나무(Alnus rubra Bong.) 파종묘(播種苗)에 Frankia 질소고정균(窒素固定菌)과 Alpova diplophloeus 외생균근균(外生菌根菌)을 접종(接種)한 후 온실에서 10주 동안 길렀다. 이 묘목(苗木)에 질소(窒素)와 인산(燐酸)을 여섯 가지로 조합(대조(對照)), 10mM $NH_4NO_3$, 50mM $NH_4NO_3$, 5mM $KH_2PO_4$, 10mM $NH_4NO_3+5mM$ $KH_2PO_4$, 50mM $NH_4NO_3+5mM$ $KH_2PO_4$)하여 매주 3회씩 10주 동안 시비(施肥)하였다. 고농도(高濃度)의 질소(窒素) 시비(施肥)는 온실에서 오염된 균에 의한 균근(菌根) 형성(形成)을 증가시켰으나, 질소고정(窒素固定)과 뿌리혹내(內) 인산(燐酸) 농도(濃度)는 감소시켰다. 인산(燐酸) 시비(施肥)는 뿌리혹과 묘목의 지상부 생장, 그리고 식물체(植物體) 조직내(組織內) 인산(燐酸) 농도(濃度)를 증가시켰다. 한편 고농도(高濃度)의 질소(窒素) 시비(施肥)는, 엽내(葉內) 인산(燐酸) 농도(濃度)에 있어서는 인산(燐酸) 시비(施肥) 효과를 배가(倍加)시켰으나, 뿌리혹내(內)의 인산(燐酸) 농도(濃度)에 있어서는 인산(燐酸) 시비(施肥) 효과를 없어지게 하였다. A. diplophloeus 외생균근균(外生菌根菌) 접종(接種)으로는 묘목의 직경생장(直徑生長)과 광합성(光合成)이 증가되었으나 잎 생장은 감소하였다. 이 결과는 고농도(高濃度)의 질소(窒素)나 인산(燐酸) 시비(施肥)가 질소고정(窒素固定)과 균근(菌根) 발단에 영향을 주지만, 그 효과는 질소(窒素)와 인산(燐酸)의 상호작용(相互作用)으로 일정하지 않게 됨을 나타낸다.