• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.89-93
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• 2005

Squalene synthase (SQS) inhibitors were screened from various plants and food extracts. Effective SQS inhibitor was purified from fermented soybean paste using ethanol extraction, HP-20 column chromatography, ethyl acetate extraction, silica gel column chromatography, and crystallization. Through UV spectrometry, $^1H$ NMR, $^{13}C$ NMR, and mass spectrometry, SQS inhibitor was identified as daidzein with molecular mass of 254 and molecular formula of $C_{15}H_{10}O_4$. Daidzein showed $IC_{50}$ value of 50 nmol/L against SQS, confirming its potential as therapeutic agent for hypercholesterolemia.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.223-234
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to determine the possibilities of Korean fermented sauces including red pepper paste, soybean paste, soy sauce, and vinegar as ingredients for Western cuisine. Western cuisine professionals from US and Europe were interviewed for their experienced opinions. To classify the categories, the selected statements were given to other groups of foreign chefs, Korean cuisine professionals and students majoring culinary arts. The first category pointed out that Korean fermented sauces are healthy with 'umami' taste using only natural ingredients. They believe it has high possibilities of matching with many of other foods and also has unique tastes. Korean cuisine professionals were mostly occupied in this category. The second category had negative opinions matching with Western cuisines since Korean fermented sauces are rough and have a strong taste & smell. This category had many Western cuisine professionals. The last category was composed of mainly students majoring in culinary arts. They pointed out that Korean fermented sauces use natural ingredients and have a unique flavor with long-term shelf life. Use of Q methodology was significantly different from previous studies researched by quantitative methods especially for the Korea food service industry.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.1-9
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• 1986

Aspergillus oryzae, Bacillus subtilis 및 Bacillus natto를 접종하여 만든 메주와 재래식메주로 된장을 각각 담금한 후 숙성과정중의 성분을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 아미노태 질소함량은 Aspergillus oryzae구와 재래식 메주구가 Bacillus subtilis구와 Bacillus natto구에 비하여 월등히 높았다. 총당, 환원당은 재래식 메주구가 다소 많았고 pH는 Aspergillus oryzae구가 경시적으로 pH 5.0이상을 나타냈으나 Bacillus subtilis구는 4.5미만으로 pH저하가 심하였다. 숙성 90일 된장의 유리아미노산 중 Asp. Thr. Ser. Glu. Gly. Ala. Cys. Val. Met. Leu. Lys. His.은 Aspergillus oryzae구의 된장에서 Tyr. Arg. Pro.은 재래식구의 뒨장에서, Ileu. Phe.의 함량은 Bacillus subtilits구의 된장에서 각각 높게 나타났으며 유리아미노산의 총량은 Aspergillus oryzae구가 타시험구보다 월등히 높았다.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.545-552
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• 2011

Fernbraken is a popular and well-known wild grass, but the physiochemical properties of Korean Traditional pickling (Jangachi) during aging have been little reported. Therefore, this study was carried out to investigate the physiochemical properties of Fernbraken Jangachi treated with a soybean sauce mixture for 6 weeks (1st pretreatment) as well as fermented with soybean paste, red hot pepper paste and soybean sauce for 7 weeks. Total polyphenol contents, acidity, salinity, sweetness (Brix), and ${\alpha}$-tocopherol of Fernbraken Jangachi all increased with aging period. On the other hand, pH and total acidity of Fernbraken Jangachi did not change much. Among the three kinds of Jangachies, Jangachi fermented with soybean sauce showed 2 fold higher salinity and total acidity levels compared to the others. Therefore, the physiochemical properties of Fernbraken Jangachi were dependent on the pickling properties, such as soybean paste, hot pepper paste or soybean sauce, and these properties maintained a certain level after 5~6 weeks of aging. Further, proper aging period for Fernbraken Jangachi was suggested as 10 weeks.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.878-880
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• 2005

Antimutagenic effects of methanol extracts of various soybean pastes against aflatoxin B1 were examined using Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100. Antimutagenic activities of boiled soybeans, Japanese Miso, traditional Korean soybean pastes, soybean pastes fermented by wild type strains, and soybean pastes fermented by mutants, transformants, and cell fusants were 53.6 to 54.6%, 73 to 79.7%, 78.3 to 95.7%, 85 to 97.1%, 71.9 to 78.3%, 65.5 to 77.7%, and 73.4 to 79.0%, respectively. Soybean pastes fermented by wild type strains showed higher activities than those fermented by mutant, transformant, and cell fusant strains.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.356-362
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• 1998

된장의 숙성기간을 예측하기 위하여 6개의 metal oxide sensor로 구성된 휴대용 전자코를 이용하였다. Aspergillus oryzae를 사용하여 담금한 된장은 각각 $15,\;20\;25^{\circ}C$에서 숙성시켰다. 전자코에 의한 감응도 변화량은 숙성기간에 따라 온도가 높아짐에 따라 크게 감소되었으며 센서 #3과 #4는 된장의 숙성정도와 기간간에 높은 상관관계를 보여주었다$(r^2=0.71{\sim}0.95)$. 그리고 숙성기간중 생성되는 아미노태질소와 전자코의 감응도 변화간에도 상관관계를 나타내어 휴대용 전자코로 된장의 숙성기간을 예측할 수 있었다.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.1138-1144
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• 2009

This study was carried out to investigate the cooking properties and lipid oxidation stability during storage at $4{\pm}1^{\circ}C$ when the various levels (5 to 20%) of doenjang (Korean fermented soybean paste) were added to pork patties cooked by pan frying (PF) and convection oven (CO). With increasing the addition of doenjang, cooking properties of pork patties revealed the improved cooking yield, less diameter reduction, and less thickness increase. Also, the shear force, hardness, and chewiness of pork patties were reduced. The PF cooking method showed better cooking properties than CO. Lipid oxidation expressed by the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) values was significantly reduced by the addition of more than 5% doenjang (p<0.05). The TBARS values of cooked pork patties by PF were significantly lower than CO during the 8 days of the storage (p<0.05). The development of warmed-over flavor (WOF) in cooked pork patties was delayed as the amount of the doenjang was increased. It was suggested that the addition of doenjang and PF favorably affected the cooking properties and stability of lipid oxidation in pork patties.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.1030-1034
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• 2009

A fermenting microorganism involved in formation of ortho-dihydroxyisoflavones (ODIs) during aging of doenjang (Korean fermented soybean paste) has been investigated. Microorganisms in ODI-containing doenjang were isolated by cultivating on yeast mold (YM) agar medium containing 0-7% NaCl. ODI formation of the isolated strains was examined by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis after cultivation in modified YM broth or soybean extract medium. An ODI-producing microbe was identified as Bacillus subtilis HS-1 based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The strain has produced 8-hydroxydaidzein as a major product during growth in the modified YM broth or soybean extract medium. Therefore, it was concluded that one of the microorganisms involved in the formation of ODIs in doenjang was B. subtilis HS-1.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.297-307
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 식품의약품안전처에서 식품 원료로 사용 허용이 된 갈색거저리 유충(Tenebrio molitor larvae, Mealworm), 쌍별귀뚜라미(Gryllus bimaculatus), 번데기(Bombyx mori pupa, Silkworm pupa) 등 단백질이 풍부한 식용곤충 원료를 이용하여 된장 형태의 조미료를 제조하였다. 또한 된장 제조 시 발효에 관여하는 대표적인 미생물인 A. oryzae와 B. subtilis 균주를 사용하여 메주분말과 입국을 제조한 후 선행연구에 따른 저염 된장의 발효방식을 이용하여 곤충의 페이스트형 발효조미료를 개발하고자 하였다. 식용곤충을 이용하여 제조한 페이스트형 발효조미료의 수분은 47.58-49.58%로 나타났고 염도는 11.34-11.99%의 값을 보였다. pH는 발효가 진행되면서 천천히 감소하였으며 TMP가 가장 낮은 값으로 나타났다. 적정산도는 모든 시료에서 발효기간이 지남에 따라 계속 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 색도의 L값은 번데기 가장 높게 나타났으며, a값은 귀뚜라미와 번데기 비슷하게 나타났다. b값은 번데기 가장 높은 값을 보였다. 환원당의 경우 발효 기간에 따라 증가하다가 다시 감소하였으며, TMP의 환원당 함량을 가장 낮게 나타났다. 아미노질소는 모든 시료에서 발효 시간에 지남에 따라 증가하는 경향을 나타났으며, TMP가 가장 높은 값을 보였다. 총 질소는 큰 변화를 나타내지 않으며, 전반적으로 SBP에 비해 곤충소재 페이스트형 발효조미료가 높게 분석되었다. DPPH라디칼 제거능은 콩에 비해 곤충소재 페이스트형 발효조미료에서 높게 나타났으며, SPP가 80.95%로 가장 높은 값을 나타내었다. 유리 아미노산 함량은 발효가 진행되면서 전반적으로 2배 이상 증가하였다. 또한 맛의 기호성과 상관성이 높은 아미노산으로는 글루탐산, 아스파트산, 라이신, 페닐알라닌, 아르지닌, 세린 등으로 분석되었다. 전반적인 향, 맛, 전체적 기호도의 경우 곤충소재 페이스트형 발효조미료는 콩 된장보다 낮은 값을 나타내었는데, 이는 소비자들이 콩으로 만든 된장에 익숙해져 있는 상태로, 곤충소재에서 나타나는 특유의 맛이 전체적인 기호도에 영향을 미친 것으로 파악되었다. 곤충에 대한 관능적 차이는 있었으나 콩된장과 번데기로 만든 페이스트형 발효조미료는 유의적으로 비슷한 선호도를 보였다. 이를 통해 다양한 식용곤충 중에서 적절한 곤충을 선별하고 장류 미생물을 이용할 경우 차별화 된 페이스트형 발효조미료의 제조가 가능할 것으로 판단하였다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.376-382
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• 1997

Antioxidative characteristics of doenjang(fermented soybeans paste) phenolics on the lipid oxidation systems were studied by the determination of the oxidative related activity including lipoxygenase (LOX) inhibition, metal chelating and free radical scavengning of doenjang phenolics. Manlikong variety containing the highest amounts of phenolic compounds among the soybean variety, was used for doenjang processing. Doenjang was prepared by the series of processes including soaking for overnight, cooking for 1hr at 12Lb, first fermentation (3 days at 30$\pm$2$^{\circ}C$) for the preparation of meju(soybean koji) after inoculation of Asp. oryzae, and further fermentation(60 days at 30$\pm$2$^{\circ}C$) for the ripening after addition of salt 13% to meju. In order to investigate the antioxidative activity of phenolics in doenjang, the doenjang phenolics was extracted with methanol form freeze dried defatted doenjang. Antioxidative effects of methanol extract on linoleic acid oxidation system were observed by the significantly decreased levels of peroxide and conjugated diene formation. In addition, methanol extract resulted in the inhibition of LOX activity. and also, metal(FeCl$_3$) chelation and free radical scavengning activities were increased with increasing concentration of methanol extract.